ࡱ> 4–ÖĖŖƖǖȖɖʖ˖̖͖ΖϖЖіҖӖԖՖ֖זٖؖږۖܖݖޖߖ      ![ NT bjbj .$ΐΐ+ --::yyyyyy8yy dχ u~  c> yIr ~ :: ///j:6-y / //Fl5hf`y jT  0 ZCwCCy/ / C- 9: B LAO NG  THNG BINH V X HI TNG CC GIO DC NGH NGHIP  TI LIU DY HC MN GIO DC QUC PHNG V AN NINH TRONG CHNG TRNH O TO TRNH  CAO NG (Km theo Cng vn s 147/TCGDNN-TCQ ngy 22 thng 01 nm 2020 ca Tng cc Gio dc ngh nghip) MC LC  TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415412"BI 1: NHP MN GIO DC QUC PHNG VA AN NINH  PAGEREF _Toc4415412 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415413"1. V tr, tnh cht, mc tiu  PAGEREF _Toc4415413 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415414"2. Cc ni dung chnh  PAGEREF _Toc4415414 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415415"3. Mt s yu cu c bn v l tit tc phong qun nhn cho ngi hc  PAGEREF _Toc4415415 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415416"4. iu kin thc hin mn hc  PAGEREF _Toc4415416 \h 10 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415417"5. T chc dy, hc v nh gi kt qu hc tp  PAGEREF _Toc4415417 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415418"BI 2: PHNG CHNG CHIN LC "DIN BIN HA BNH", BO LON LT  CA CC TH LC TH CH I VI VIT NAM  PAGEREF _Toc4415418 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415419"1. Chin lc  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch chng ph ch ngh)a x hi.  PAGEREF _Toc4415419 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415420"2. Chin lc  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch i vi Vit Nam  PAGEREF _Toc4415420 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415421"4. Nhng gii php phng chng chin lc  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt   Vit Nam hin nay  PAGEREF _Toc4415421 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415422"BI 3: XY DNG LC LNG DN QUN T V, LC LNG D B NG VIN  PAGEREF _Toc4415422 \h 21 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415423"1. Xy dng lc lng dn qun t v  PAGEREF _Toc4415423 \h 21 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415424"2. Xy dng lc lng d b ng vin  PAGEREF _Toc4415424 \h 27 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415425"BI 4: XY DNG V BO V CH QUYN LNH TH, BIN GII QUC GIA  PAGEREF _Toc4415425 \h 33 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415426"1. Xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia  PAGEREF _Toc4415426 \h 33 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415427"2. Quan im ca ng, Nh nc v xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia  PAGEREF _Toc4415427 \h 36 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415428"3. Mt s gii php c bn ca ng, Nh nc v xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia  PAGEREF _Toc4415428 \h 39 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415429"BI 5: MT S VN  C BN V DN TC V TN GIO  PAGEREF _Toc4415429 \h 42 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415430"1. Mt s vn  c bn v dn tc  PAGEREF _Toc4415430 \h 42 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415431"2. Mt s vn  c bn v tn gio  PAGEREF _Toc4415431 \h 46 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415432"3. Quan im chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc ta v vn  dn tc v tn gio  Vit Nam  PAGEREF _Toc4415432 \h 49 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415433"BI 6: NHNG VN  C BN V PHNG CHNG TI PHM V T NN X HI  PAGEREF _Toc4415433 \h 55 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415434"1. Nhng vn  c bn v phng chng ti phm  PAGEREF _Toc4415434 \h 55 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415435"2. Cng tc phng chng t nn x hi  PAGEREF _Toc4415435 \h 61 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415436"BI 7: NG LI, QUAN IM CA NG, CHNH SCH, PHP LUT CA NH NC VIT NAM V BO V AN NINH CHNH TR, KINH T, VN HA T TNG  PAGEREF _Toc4415436 \h 66 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415437"1. Quan im v t tng ch o ca ng v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng  PAGEREF _Toc4415437 \h 66 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415438"2. Nhim v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng  PAGEREF _Toc4415438 \h 68 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415439"3. Nhng gii php c bn v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng  PAGEREF _Toc4415439 \h 70 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415440"BI 8: CHIN TRANH NHN DN BO V T QUC VIT NAM X HI CH NGH(A  PAGEREF _Toc4415440 \h 74 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415441"1. Nhng vn  chung v chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc  PAGEREF _Toc4415441 \h 74 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415442"2. Quan im ca ng trong chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc  PAGEREF _Toc4415442 \h 76 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415443"3. Mt s ni dung ch yu ca chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc  PAGEREF _Toc4415443 \h 79 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415444"BI 9: XY DNG LC LNG Vh TRANG NHN DN VIT NAM  PAGEREF _Toc4415444 \h 80 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415445"1. Khi nim, c im v nhng quan im nguyn tc c bn xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn  PAGEREF _Toc4415445 \h 80 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415446"2. Phng hng xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn trong giai on mi  PAGEREF _Toc4415446 \h 84 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415447"3. Nhng bin php ch yu xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn  PAGEREF _Toc4415447 \h 86 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415448"BI 10: KT HP PHT TRIN KINH T - X HI VI TNG CNG, CNG C QUC PHNG V AN NINH  PAGEREF _Toc4415448 \h 87 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415449"1. C s l lun v thc tin ca vic kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh  Vit Nam  PAGEREF _Toc4415449 \h 87 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415450"2. Ni dung kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh vi i ngoi  nc ta hin nay  PAGEREF _Toc4415450 \h 90 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415451"3. Mt s gii php ch yu thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh  Vit Nam hin nay  PAGEREF _Toc4415451 \h 95 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415452"BI 11: I NGh N V  PAGEREF _Toc4415452 \h 99 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415453"1. i hnh tiu i  PAGEREF _Toc4415453 \h 99 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415454"2. i hnh trung i  PAGEREF _Toc4415454 \h 104 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415455"BI 12:GII THIU V HNG DN K THUT S DNG MT S LOI Vh KH B BINH  PAGEREF _Toc4415455 \h 116 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415456"A. GII THIU MT S LOI Vh KH B BINH  PAGEREF _Toc4415456 \h 116 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415457"1. Sng trng CKC c 7,62 mm  PAGEREF _Toc4415457 \h 116 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415458"2. Sng tiu lin AK  PAGEREF _Toc4415458 \h 127 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415459"3. Sng trung lin RP c 7,62 mm  PAGEREF _Toc4415459 \h 135 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415460"4. Sng dit tng B41  PAGEREF _Toc4415460 \h 145 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415461"5. Lu n cn 97 Vit Nam, Lu n (-1  PAGEREF _Toc4415461 \h 155 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415462"B. HNG DN K THUT S DNG MT S LOI Vh KH B BINH  PAGEREF _Toc4415462 \h 157 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415463"1. K thut tho v lp mt s loi vi kh b binh  PAGEREF _Toc4415463 \h 157 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415464"2. K thut bn sng tiu lin AK v sng trng CKC  PAGEREF _Toc4415464 \h 173 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415465"3. K thut s dng lu n cn 97 Vit Nam v Lu n (-1  PAGEREF _Toc4415465 \h 186 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415466"BI 13: K THUT CP CU V CHUYN THNG  PAGEREF _Toc4415466 \h 191 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415467"1. Cm mu tm thi  PAGEREF _Toc4415467 \h 191 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415468"2. C nh tm thi xng gy  PAGEREF _Toc4415468 \h 200 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415469"3. H hp nhn to  PAGEREF _Toc4415469 \h 206 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4415470"4. K thut chuyn thng  PAGEREF _Toc4415470 \h 211  BI 1: NHP MN GIO DC QUC PHNG VA AN NINH 1. V tr, tnh cht, mc tiu 1.1. V tr Mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh l mn hc iu kin, bt buc thuc khi cc mn hc chung trong chng trnh o to cao ng. 1.2. Tnh cht Mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh thuc khi cc mn hc chung trong chng trnh o to cao ng gip ngi hc c nhng kin thc c bn v quan im ca ng, chnh sch, php lut ca Nh nc v cng tc quc phng v an ninh; xy dng th trn quc phng ton dn gn vi th trn an ninh nhn dn, xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn; c kin thc c bn v phng th dn s, ren luyn k nng qun s; sn sng tham gia bo v T quc. 1.3. Mc tiu 1.3.1. V kin thc - Trnh by c nhng ni dung c bn v chin lc  Din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch i vi Vit Nam; - Trnh by c nhng kin thc c bn v xy dng lc lng dn qun t v, d b ng vin; xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia; - Trnh by c mt s ni dung c bn v dn tc v tn gio; phng chng ti phm v t nn x hi; ng li quan im ca ng, chnh sch, php lut ca Nh nc v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha, t tng; - Trnh by c nhng vn  c bn v xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn Vit Nam; ng li ch trng ca ng v Nh nc v kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh; - Trnh by c m#t s n#i dung c ba n v i ngi n v cp tiu i, trung i; tc dng, tnh nng, cu to v cch thc s dng ca mt s loi vi kh b binh thng thng; k thut cp cu chuyn thng. 1.3.2. V k nng - Nhn bit c mt s biu hin, hot ng v  Din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch i vi Vit Nam hin nay; - Nhn bit c trch nhim ca t chc v c nhn trong vic xy dng lc lng dn qun t v, d b ng vin; xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia; - Xc nh c mt s vn  c bn v dn tc v tn gio; phng chng ti phm v t nn x hi; chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc; xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn Vit Nam; - Nhn thc ng ng li quan im ca ng, chnh sch, php lut ca Nh nc v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha, t tng; kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh; - Thc hin ng cc ng tc trong i ngi n v; k thut s  du#ng m#t s loa#i vu khi b# binh; cp cu chuyn thng. 1.3.3. V nng lc t ch v trch nhim - Lun c tinh thn cnh gic cao trc nhng m mu th on ca cc th lc th ch; chp hnh tt mi ng li ch trng ca ng, chnh sch, php lut ca Nh nc v cng tc quc phong va an ninh; - Rn luyn bn l)nh chnh tr, o c, hnh thnh li sng c k lut, c thc t gic v tc phong nhanh nhn trong cc hot ng; - Sn sng tham gia xy dng v bo v T quc v cc hot ng x hi gp phn xy dng khi i on kt ton dn tc; - C thc, trch nhim trong vic xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn; chin tranh nhn dn, pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh. 2. Cc ni dung chnh Gio trnh bao gm 13 bi: Bi 1: Nhp mn gio dc quc phng v an ninh; Bi 2: Phng chng chin lc "Din bin ha bnh", bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch i vi Vit Nam; Bi 3: Xy dng lc lng dn qun t v, lc lng d b ng vin; Bi 4: Xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia; Bi 5: Mt s vn  c bn v dn tc v tn gio; Bi 6: Nhng vn  c bn v phng chng ti phm v t nn x hi; Bi 7: ng li, quan im ca ng, chnh sch, php lut ca nh nc Vit Nam v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha, t tng; Bi 8: Chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a; Bi 9: Xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn Vit Nam; Bi 10: Kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh; Bi 11: i ngi n v; Bi 12: Gii thiu v hng dn k thut s dng mt s loi vi kh b binh; Bi 13: K thut cp cu v chuyn thng. 3. Mt s yu cu c bn v l tit tc phong qun nhn cho ngi hc 3.1. Phong cch qun nhn v xng h 3.1.1. Phong cch qun nhn - Trong quan h qun nhn, mi qun nhn phi gi gn phm cht o c cch mng v nghim chnh tun theo nhng yu cu ca sinh hot x hi. Trong quan h vi nhn dn, qun nhn phi knh trng ngi gi, yu mn tr em, tn trng ph n; - Qun nhn phi l ngi c thc t chc k lut, c tinh thn on kt, tng tr v c np sng vn minh, lnh mnh; thi  ho nh, khim tn; bit t ch v t trng trong li ni cing nh trong hnh ng; - Cm qun nhn ung ru, bia trong khi thc hin nhim v; ung say ru, bia  mi lc, mi ni; ht thuc l ni cng cng; mua, bn, tng tr v s dng cc cht kch thch, cht gy nghin di bt k hnh thc no theo quy nh ca php lut. 3.1.2. Xng h - Qun nhn gi nhau bng  ng ch v xng  Ti sau ting  ng ch c th gi tip cp bc, chc v, h tn ngi m mnh nh tip xc. i vi cp trn c th gi l  Th trng ; - Nghe gi n tn, qun nhn phi tr li  C . Khi nhn lnh hoc trao i cng vic xong qun nhn phi ni  R ; - Trong lc ngh ngi, qun nhn c th xng h vi nhau theo tp qun thng thng. 3.1.3. Bo co cp trn - Khi trc tip bo co vi cp trn, qun nhn phi cho v t gii thiu y  h, tn, chc v, n v ca mnh trn mt cp v bo co theo chc v ca cp trn khi khng bit chc v, th bo co theo cp bc, bo co xong ni dung phi ni "Ht"; - Khi bo co qua cc phng tin thng tin, qun nhn phi gii thiu  h, tn, cp bc, chc v, n v ca mnh. Nghim cm mo danh, gi mo cp bc, chc v, n v. 3.2. n gp cp trn v cho hi ca qun nhn 3.2.1. n gp cp trn - Qun nhn n gp cp trn phi cho, bo co xin php gp, khi c php ca cp trn mi c gp. Trc khi ra v phi cho cp trn; - Khi qun nhn cp di  ngh gp, cp trn phi thu xp thi gian  sm gp qun nhn . Nu cha gp c phi bo cho qun nhn  r l do hoc hn gp vo thi gian khc, do mnh quy nh. 3.2.2. Cho hi - Qun nhn phi cho khi gp nhau. Cp di phi cho cp trn trc, ngi c cho phi cho p l; - Qun nhn cho bng ng tc trong cc trng hp sau: K c i mi hoc khng i mi; + Qun nhn gp nhau hoc khi tip xc vi ngi ngoi qun i v ngi nc ngoi;gp qun k trong i ngi;d l lc cho Quc k; mc nim; bo co, nhn lnh trc cp trn v khi ri khi cp trn; gp cc ng ch lnh o ng, chnh quyn;nhn phn thng; trc khi bt tay p l cp trn;gp linh cu c n v qun i i a; + Khi c gii thiu, trc v sau khi pht biu ln u trn bc pht biu trong hi ngh, khi gii thiu chng trnh v khi tham gia hot ng vn ho vn ngh. - Cc c quan, n v phi t chc cho n khch n thm v d l ti c quan, n v theo nghi thc qun i trong cc trng hp sau: Cc ng ch lnh o ng, Nh nc; cc ng ch lnh o, ch huy qun i; khch nc ngoi n thm chnh thc n v do B Quc phng ch th t chc n. - Ch huy c quan, n v thc hin cho cp trn n n v thuc quyn nh sau: + n v ang hc tp, cng tc, sinh hot tp trung th ngi ch huy, ngi ph trch hoc gio vin h  ng dy (nu ang ngi) v h  Nghim ri ra cho bo co; + Trng hp n v  cho cp trn, nhng sau  li c cp trn khc n; + Trng hp c c Ph Tng tham mu trng v Ph Ch nhim Tng cc chnh tr cng n c quan, n v trc thuc B hoc c quan, n v cp di (tr B Tng tham mu v Tng cc Chnh tr) th ngi ch huy, chnh u (chnh tr vin) hoc ban t chc hi ngh, nghi l phi cho bo co ng ch l trng on, nu khng c trng on th bo co Ph Tng tham mu trng; + Trng hp c c ngi ch huy, chnh u (chnh tr vin) cp trn cng n c quan, n v cp di thuc quyn th ngi ch huy hoc chnh u (chnh tr vin) hoc ban t chc hi ngh, nghi l cho bo co ngi ch huy; + Trng hp c c Tham mu trng (ph tham mu trng), ch nhim chnh tr (ph ch nhim chnh tr) cc cp khi n c quan cng cp (tr c quan tham mu v c quan chnh tr) hoc c quan, n v cp di thuc quyn th ngi ch huy, chnh u (chnh tr vin) hoc ban t chc hi ngh, nghi l phi cho bo co ng ch l trng on, nu khng c trng on th cho bo co tham mu trng (ph tham mu trng). 3.3. Qui nh v mang mc trang phc 3.3.1. Trang phc qun i - Qun phc d l; qun phc thng dng; qun phc d chin; qun phc nghip v; trang phc cng tc; - Qun nhn phi mang mc trang phc theo ng quy nh ca B Quc phng. Cc loi trang phc dng cho cng tc chuyn mn nghip v ch c mc trong khi lm nhim v. N qun nhn c mc thng phc khi c thai. 3.3.2. Mang mc trang phc theo tng ma - Qun nhn mc qun phc tng ma, theo qui nh thi gian lm vic ma nng v ma lnh. Cn c vo thi tit v sc kho, qun nhn c mc qun phc c hai ma trong thi gian trc v sau 15 ngy so vi thi gian lm vic quy nh cho tng ma. Khi sinh hot tp trung phi mc qun phc thng nht; - Cc n v ng qun t o Hi Vn tr vo pha Nam, cn c vo thi tit c th tng ni  mc qun phc cho ph hp, do ngi ch huy t cp s on v tng ng tr ln quy nh thng nht trong n v thuc quyn. 3.3.3. Cc loi hun, huy chng, bin tn dc mang trn qun phc - Hun chng, huy chng, huy hiu, k nim chng, bin tn, biu tng qun, binh chng; - Cc loi bng, bin, ph hiu cng tc. 3.4. Bin php qun l b i thc hin l tit tc phong qun nhn 3.4.1. Phi thng xuyn gio dc cho mi qun nhn nm chc v hiu ng v tm quan trng ca vic thc hin l tit tc phong qun nhn - Ngi ch huy phi thng xuyn gio dc cho b i hiu c v tr, ngh)a, nm c ni dung quy nh v l tit tc phong qun nhn,  mi ngi hiu ng, hiu su sc, lm c s cho vic t gic chp hnh; - Gio dc l mt bin php c bn ca cng tc qun l b i c t ln hng u; ng thi y cing l bin php xuyn sut c qu trnh ca cng tc qun l b i; - Qun l gio dc, hun luyn phi c tin hnh thng xuyn nhm nng cao nhn thc, thng nht v hnh ng trong n v mnh qun l; - Hnh thc gio dc rt phong ph a dng nh: ln lp, tho lun, din n, hng dn hnh ng, thng qua sinh hot, hc tp, cng tc, im danh...; - Ch khi c gio dc tt, mi ngi nhn thc ng bin thnh hnh ng t gic, th khi  hiu qu gio dc mi cao kt qu thc hin mi c cht lng tt. 3.4.2. Thng xuyn duy tr n v thc hin tt ch  quy nh v l tit tc phong qun nhn. Pht huy vai tr v hiu lc ca cc t chc trong v ngoi n v  thc hin cng tc qun l - Duy tr n v thc hin tt ch  quy nh l thuc chc trch, nhim v ca ngi ch huy; - Trong cng tc qun l, bit gn thc hin chc trch, mi quan h qun nhn v l tit tc phong qun nhn vi tng cng v c th trong n v. T chc thc hin cht ch, kin quyt, thc hin sai u sa y, sa cho n khi thc hin ng. Vn dng trong mi lc, mi ni, duy tr ng ch  trong ngy, trong tun v trong thc hin cc ch  theo quy nh; - Pht huy hiu lc ca cc t chc trong n v: T chc ch huy, t chc ng, on thanh nin, Hi ng qun nhn, Cng on, ph n...v cc t chc ngoi x hi, gia nh  qun l, thng qua cc t chc trong v ngoi n v  nm kt qu thc hin, kp thi n c, nhc nh mi qun nhn thc hin l tit tc phong qun nhn nhm nng cao hiu lc qun l. 3.4.3.  cao vai tr trch nhim, c phng php tc phong cng tc khoa hc, gng mu, c tinh thn on kt trong cng tc qun l b i thc hin cc quy nh v l tit tc phong qun nhn - Ngi ch huy phn i phi lun  cao tinh thn trch nhim trc n v, lun ly vic hon thnh nhim v ca n v gn vi trch nhim ca bn thn mnh; - Lun c phng php tc phong cng tc khoa hc, khn trng, gng mu, m phm trc n v, vic thc hin ng chc trch mi quan h qun nhn v l tit tc phong qun nhn ca ngi ch huy chnh l mnh lnh khng li, c sc thuyt phc cao nht i vi n v; - Trong cng tc qun l, bn thn ngi ch huy phi thc s tn trng cp trn, thng yu, on kt, gip  cp di, gii quyt tt mi quan h cng tc ca mnh, pht huy dn ch trong n v, l tm gng sng cho mi ngi noi theo. 3.4.4. Thng xuyn kim tra, nhn xt nh gi kt qu thc hin, chc trch, mi quan h qun nhn v l tit tc phong qun nhn chnh xc, khch quan, khen thng, x pht nghim minh - n c, kim tra vic thc hin l nhim v thng xuyn ca ngi ch huy phn i, v vy yu cu ngi ch huy phn i phi bm st n v, kim tra thng xuyn, c nhn xt ng, c bin php khc phc kp thi; - Qu trnh kim tra phi nh gi khch quan, chnh xc, ch r nhng mnh, yu, nhng sai phm, nht l sai phm v thc hin chc trch, sai phm v mi quan h qun dn, sai phm v phong cch qun nhn v nhng sai phm  s c nh hng n vic hon thnh nhim v ca n v v hnh nh  B i C H ; - Thng qua cng tc kim tra, rt kinh nghim kp thi, thc hin biu dng, khen thng nhng c nhn, tp th chp hnh v thc hin tt, ng thi ph bnh, nhc nh, chn chnh v x pht c nhn, n v thc hin cha tt. 4. iu kin thc hin mn hc 4.1. a im hc tp Phng hc, thao trng, bi tp v cc a im khc p ng iu kin thc hin mn hc. 4.2. Trang thit b 4.2.1. Ti liu Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng v an ninh bc cao ng v cc ti liu tham kho khc do Hiu trng nh trng quyt nh theo quy nh ca php lut. 4.2.2. Tranh, phim nh S  t chc Qun i v Cng an; cu to, s dng mt s loi lu n; k thut cp cu v chuyn thng; sng tiu lin AK, sng trng CKC, sng trung lin RP, sng dit tng B41; cc t th, ng tc bn sng AK, CKC; cu to v ng tc s dng lu n $1, lu n cn 97; phim nh v gio dc quc phng v an ninh. 4.2.3. M hnh vi kh M hnh sng AK-47, CKC, RP, B41 ct b; m hnh sng tiu lin AK-47, CKC luyn tp; m hnh lu n lu n $1, lu n cn 97 ct b; m hnh lu n lu n $1, lu n cn 97 luyn tp. 4.2.4. My bn tp My bn MBT-03; thit b to ting n v lc git cho my bn tp MBT-03 TNAK-12; thit b theo di ng ngm RDS-07; lu n tp n nhiu ln s dng CO2 lng (LT-15). 4.2.5. Thit b khc Bao n, ti ng lu n; b bia (khung + mt bia s 4); gi t bia a nng; knh kim tra ng ngm; ng tin di ng; m hnh ng n trong khng kh; hp dng c hun luyn; thit b to ting sng v ting n gi; dng c cp cu v chuyn thng; gi sng v bn thao tc; t ng sng v thit b. 4.2.6. Trang phc - Trang phc ngi dy: Trang phc ma h; trang phc d chin; mi kpi; mi cng; mi mm; tht lng; giy da; tt si; sao mi kpi; sao mi cng; sao mi mm; nn cp hiu; nn ph hiu; bin tn; ca vt mn hc gio dc quc phng v an ninh; - Trang phc ngi hc: Trang phc h; mi cng; mi mm; giy vi; tt si; sao mi cng; tht lng; sao mi mm mn hc gio dc quc phng v an ninh. 4.3. Cc iu kin khc Khuyn khch cc c s gio dc ngh nghip, c s gio dc i hc c ng k hot ng gio dc ngh nghip u t phng hc v cc iu kin khc  c th t chc ging dy ni dung l thuyt theo hnh thc trc tuyn. 5. T chc dy, hc v nh gi kt qu hc tp T chc dy hc v nh gi kt qu hc tp mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh c quy nh theo Thng t s 10/2018/TT-BLTBXH ngy 26 thng 09 nm 2018 ca B trng B Lao ng - Thng binh v X hiquy nh chng trnh, t chc dy hc v nh gi kt qu hc tp mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh thuc khi cc mn hc chung trong chng trnh o to trnh  trung cp, trnh  cao ng. Kt qu nh gi mn hc ny khng tnh vo im trung bnh chung ho#c ky, nm ho#c, im trung binh chung tich luy, xp loi tt nghip nhng l mt trong cc iu kin  xt hon thnh khi lng hc tp, xt iu kin d thi tt nghip, xt tt nghip hoc bo v chuyn , kha lun tt nghip v c ghi vo bng im cp km theo bng tt nghip. BI 2: PHNG CHNG CHIN LC "DIN BIN HA BNH", BO LON LT  CA CC TH LC TH CH I VI VIT NAM 1. Chin lc  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch chng ph ch ngh)a x hi. 1.1. Khi nim chin lc "Din bin ha bnh" 1.1.1. Khi nim "Din bin ho bnh" l chin lc c bn nhm lt  ch  chnh tr ca cc nc  tin b , trc ht l cc nc x hi ch ngh)a t bn trong bng bin php phi qun s do ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc phn ng tin hnh. 1.1.2. Ni dung chnh Chin lc "Din bin ho bnh" l k th s dng mi th on kinh t, chnh tr, t tng, vn ho, x hi, i ngoi, quc phng v an ninh...,  ph hoi, lm suy yu t bn trong cc nc x hi ch ngh)a. - Kch ng cc mu thun trong x hi, to ra cc lc lng chnh tr i lp np di chiu bi t do, dn ch, nhn quyn, t do tn gio, sc tc, khuyn khch t nhn ho v kinh t v a nguyn v chnh tr, lm m h giai cp v u tranh giai cp trong nhn dn lao ng; - c bit, chng coi trng khch l li sng t sn v tng bc lm phai nht mc tiu, l tng x hi ch ngh)a  mt b phn hc sinh, sinh vin. Trit  khai thc v li dng nhng kh khn, sai st ca ng, Nh nc x hi ch ngh)a trn cc l)nh vc ca i sng x hi, to nn sc p, tng bc chuyn ho v thay i ng li chnh tr, ch  x hi theo qu o ch ngh)a t bn. 1.2. Khi nim bo lon lt  Bo lon lt : L hnh ng chng ph bng bo lc c t chc do lc lng phn ng hay lc lng li khai, i lp trong nc hoc cu kt vi nc ngoi tin hnh gy ri lon an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi hoc lt  chnh quyn  a phng hay trung ng. - V hnh thc ca bo lon, gm c bo lon chnh tr, bo lon vi trang hoc bo lon chnh tr kt hp vi vi trang. Trn thc tin, bo lon lt  l mt th on ca ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc phn ng gn lin vi chin lc "Din bin ho bnh"  xo b ch ngh)a x hi. Khi tin hnh bo lon lt , cc th lc th ch thng kch ng nhng phn t qu khch, lm mt n nh trt t an ton x hi  mt s khu vc v trong mt thi gian nht nh (thng ch din ra trong khng gian hp v thi gian ngn) tin ti lt  chnh quyn  a phng hoc nh nc x hi ch ngh)a. - Quy m bo lon lt , c th din ra  nhiu mc , t quy m nh n ln. Phm vi a bn xy ra bo lon lt  c th  nhiu ni, nhiu vng ca t nc, trng im l nhng vng trung tm v kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho ca Trung ng v a phng, ni nhy cm v chnh tr hoc  cc khu vc, a bn m c s chnh tr ca a phng yu km. 2. Chin lc  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch i vi Vit Nam 2.1. m mu, th on ca chin lc "Din bin ha bnh" i vi Vit Nam Ch ngh)a  quc cng cc th lc th ch lun coi Vit Nam l mt trng im trong chin lc "Din bin ha bnh" chng ch ngh)a x hi. T u nm 1950 n 1975, ch ngh)a  quc dng hnh ng qun s  xm lc v mun bin Vit Nam thnh thuc a v)nh vin ca chng nhng cui cng  b tht bi hon ton. Sau khi s dng nhng n tn cng bng qun s  xm lc Vit Nam khng thnh cng, chng  chuyn sang chin lc mi nh "bao vy cm vn kinh t", "c lp v ngoi giao" kt hp vi "Din bin ha bnh", bo lon lt  nhm xa b ch  x hi ch ngh)a  Vit Nam. Li dng thi k nc ta gp nhiu kh khn v kinh t - x hi, t nm 1975 - 1994 do hu qu ca chin tranh  li, do s bin ng ch  x hi ch ngh)a  Lin X, ng u, cc th lc th ch cng ro rit y mnh  Din bin ho bnh i vi Vit Nam. Song, di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, vi ng li i mi ton din t nc, kin nh mc tiu c lp dn tc v ch ngh)a x hi, pht huy sc mnh on kt ton dn tc vi sc mnh thi i, nn tng bc  khc phc c hiu qu khng hong kinh t - x hi. Thnh tu to ln m ng  lnh o nhn dn ta t c trong nhng nm u ca cng cuc i mi l ch  chnh tr, x hi, an ninh, quc phng ngy cng gi vng v i sng ca nhn dn lao ng tng bc c ci thin, nng cao. T nm 1995 n nay, trc nhng thng li to ln ca cng cuc i mi ton din t nc theo nh hng x hi ch ngh)a do ng Cng sn Vit Nam khi xng v lnh o, th cc th lc th ch li tip tc iu chnh th on chng ph cch mng nc ta. Chng  tuyn b xa b "cm vn kinh t" v bnh thng ha quan h ngoi giao  chuyn sang th on mi, y mnh hot ng xm nhp nh: "dnh lu", "ngm", "su, him" nhm chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. Mc tiu nht qun ca ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch trong s dng chin lc "Din bin ha bnh" i vi Vit Nam l thc hin m mu xa b vai tr lnh o ca ng, xa b ch  x hi ch ngh)a, li nc ta i theo con ng ch ngh)a t bn v l thuc vo ch ngh)a  quc...  t c mc tiu , cc th lc th ch khng t b bt k th on chng ph no nh s dng bo lc phi vi trang, bo lc vi trang, kinh t, chnh tr, vn ha, x hi... Ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch chng ph cch mng nc ta hin nay l ton din, trn tt c cc l)nh vc ca i sng x hi, tinh vi, thm c v nhiu th on tinh vi kh nhn bit, c th: - Th on v kinh t: Chng mun chuyn ha nn kinh t th trng nh hng x hi ch ngh)a  Vit Nam dn dn theo qu o kinh t th trng t bn ch ngh)a. Khch l thnh phn kinh t t nhn pht trin, tng bc lm mt vai tr ch o ca thnh phn kinh t nh nc. Li dng s gip , vin tr kinh t, u t vn, chuyn giao cng ngh cho Vit Nam  t ra cc iu kin v gy sc p v chnh tr, tng bc chuyn ha Vit Nam theo con ng t bn ch ngh)a. - Th on v chnh tr: Cc th lc th ch kch ng i thc hin ch  "a nguyn chnh tr, a ng i lp", "t do ha" mi mt i sng x hi, tng bc xa b vai tr lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, ch  x hi ch ngh)a  Vit Nam. Chng tp hp, nui dng cc t chc, phn t phn ng trong nc v ngoi nc, li dng cc vn  "dn ch", "nhn quyn", "dn tc", "tn gio"  chia r mi quan h gia ng vi nhn dn v khi i on kt ton dn tc, lm mt i vai tr lnh o ca ng. Tn dng nhng s h trong ng li ca ng, chnh sch ca nh nc ta, sn sng can thip trng trn bng sc mnh qun s  lt  ch  x hi ch ngh)a  Vit Nam. - Th on v t tng - vn ha: Chng thc hin nhiu hot ng tuyn truyn ni xu, ph nhn cch mng v tnh khoa hc ca ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh. Ph v nn tng t tng ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam, ra sc truyn b t tng t sn vo cc tng lp nhn dn. Li dng xu th m rng hp tc quc t, du nhp nhng sn phm vn ha i try, li sng phng Ty,  kch ng li sng t bn trong thanh nin tng bc lm phai m bn sc vn ha v gi tr vn ha ca dn tc Vit Nam. - Th on trong l)nh vc x hi: Chng thc hin pht trin giai cp t sn, lm chch nh hng x hi ch ngh)a v c cu x hi - giai cp, phn ha giu ngho trong x hi, chia r khi i on kt dn tc. Li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio, truyn o tri php  thc hin m mu tn gio ha dn tc, tng bc gy mt n nh x hi v lm chch hng ch  ch ngh)a x hi  Vit Nam. - Th on trn l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh: Cc th lc th ch li dng xu th m rng, hp tc quc t, thc hin xm nhp, tng cng hot ng tnh bo thu thp b mt quc gia. Chng kch ng i ph nhn vai tr lnh o ca ng trong l)nh vc quc phng, an ninh v i vi lc lng vi trang. i vi Qun i nhn dn Vit Nam, cc th lc th ch ch trng v hiu ha s lnh o ca ng vi lun im "phi chnh tr ha" qun i. i vi cng an nhn dn, chng ph nhn s lnh o ca ng, chia r mi quan h gia cng an vi nhn dn v li dng hp tc chng khng b, ti phm quc t  can thip vo cng vic ni b, ph v th trn an ninh nhn dn, nn quc phng ton dn. - Th on trn l)nh vc i ngoi: Cc th lc th ch li dng ch trng Vit Nam m rng hi nhp quc t, m rng quan h hp tc vi cc nc trn th gii  tuyn truyn v hng Vit Nam i theo qu o ca ch ngh)a t bn. Hn ch s m rng quan h hp tc ca Vit Nam i vi cc nc ln trn th gii, tm cch ngn cn nhng d n u t quc t vo Vit Nam. c bit, chng rt coi trng vic chia r tnh on kt hu ngh gia Vit Nam vi Lo, Cam-pu-chia v cc nc x hi ch ngh)a, h thp uy tn ca nc ta trn trng quc t. 2.2. Bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch chng ph Vit Nam Cc th lc th ch ch trng nui dng cc t chc phn ng sng lu vong  nc ngoi v kt hp vi cc phn t cc oan, bt mn trong nc gy ri, lm mt n nh x hi  mt s vng nhy cm nh Ty Bc, Ty Nguyn, Ty Nam b ca Vit Nam. Chng tin hnh nhiu hot ng xo quyt  li ko, mua chuc qun chng nhn dn lao ng ng ln biu tnh chng li chnh quyn a phng v uy hip cc n v lc lng vi trang.  Ty Bc, chng kch ng ngi H Mng i thnh lp khu t tr ring.  Ty Nguyn, chng ra sc tuyn truyn thnh lp nh nc  Ga, ch thi c thun li  tin hnh lt  vai tr lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam. Th on c bn m cc th lc th ch  s dng  tin hnh bo lon lt  chnh quyn  mt s a phng nc ta l: kch ng s bt bnh ca qun chng, d d v cng p nhn dn biu tnh lm ch da cho lc lng phn ng tr trn hot ng p ph tr s, ri uy hip khng ch c quan quyn lc ca a phng. Trong qu trnh gy bo lon, bn phn ng tm mi cch  m rng phm vi, quy m, lc lng v ku gi s ng h, can thip ca cc th lc bn ngoi trn tt c l)nh vc kinh t, chnh tr, qun s, ngoi giao& di chiu bi bo v t do dn ch v nhn quyn, nhm t c mc ch lm mt s n nh chnh tr tin ti xa b ch  x hi ch ngh)a  nc ta. Yu cu t ra l phi nng cao cnh gic cch mng, kp thi pht hin m mu bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch, d bo ng th on, quy m, a im v thi gian. Nm vng nguyn tc x l trong u tranh chng bo lon lt  l: nhanh gn, kin quyt, linh hot, ng i tng, s dng lc lng v phng thc u tranh ph hp, khng  lan rng ko di. Hot ng u tranh, x l bo lon lun phi t di s lnh o ca ng, iu hnh ca chnh quyn, c quan tham mu v phi hp thng nht hnh ng cho cc lc lng tham gia. Kp thi phn ha, c lp v u tranh kin quyt vi bn u s, cc oan, gio dc vn ng nhng ngi dn lm ng, lc li. 3. Quan im v phng chm ca ng, Nh nc v phng chng chin lc  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt  3.1. Quan im ch o - u tranh chng "Din bin ha bnh" l mt cuc u tranh giai cp, u tranh dn tc gay go, quyt lit, lu di v phc tp trn mi l)nh vc ca i sng x hi. Bi l, thc cht chin lc  Din bin ha bnh" m cc th lc th ch s dng  chng ph cch mng nc ta l mt b phn quan trng trong chin lc phn cch mng ca ch ngh)a  quc. Mc tiu ca chin lc  l nhm xa b s lnh o ca ng, lm sp  ch  x hi ch ngh)a  Vit Nam v chuyn ha theo qu o ca ch ngh)a t bn; - u tranh chng "Din bin ha bnh" l nhim v cp bch hng u hin nay ca ton ng, ton dn, ton qun ta  bo v vng chc x hi ch ngh)a. Xut pht t cc th on tinh vi, xo quyt m cc th lc th ch s dng trong chin lc "Din bin ha bnh" vi nhiu n tn cng "mm" trn tt c cc l)nh vc  chng ph cch mng nc ta. V th, ng ta  xc nh r ni dung bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a hin nay l ton din, coi trng gi vng an ninh kinh t, chnh tr, vn ha, t tng; - Pht huy sc mnh tng hp ca khi i on kt ton dn, ca c h thng chnh tr, di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam trong u tranh chng "din bin ho bnh". Cc th lc th ch s dng sc mnh tng hp  chng ph cng cuc xy dng ch ngh)a x hi  nc ta, nh vo mi tng lp nhn dn lao ng, mi t chc chnh tr - x hi, mi l)nh vc. Do , phi pht huy sc mnh tng hp ca c h thng chnh tr di s lnh o ca ng  lm tht bi m mu, th on ca k th, bo v vng chc T quc Vit Nam. 3.2. Phng chm tin hnh - Kt hp cht ch gia gi vng bn trong vi ch ng ngn chn, phng nga v ch ng tin cng lm tht bi mi m mu, th on "Din bin ha bnh" ca cc th lc th ch. Do , mi cp, mi ngnh, mi ngi dn phi thy r tnh cht nham him ca chin lc "Din bin ha bnh". T , phi nng cao cnh gic cch mng, ch ng tin cng lm tht bi mi m mu, th on trong chin lc  Din bin ho bnh ca k th nhm chng ph Vit Nam; - Ch ng, kin quyt, khn kho x l tnh hung v gii quyt hu qu khi c bo lon xy ra, gii quyt cc v gy ri, khng  pht trin thnh bo lon. Ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch bao gi cing ch ng chng ph cng cuc xy dng ch ngh)a x hi, tng bc lm suy yu t bn trong v khi c thi c tin hnh lt  ch  x hi. Thc t chng minh, ch ng tn cng s to thun li ginh thng li trong chin tranh ni chung v trong phng chng chin lc "Din bin ha bnh", bo lon lt  ca k th i vi nc ta; - Xy dng tim lc vng mnh ca t nc, tranh th s ng h ca nhn dn trong nc v quc t, kp thi lm tht bi m mu, th on chng ph ca k th i vi Vit Nam. Trn thc t, k th thng cu kt lc lng phn ng  ngoi nc vi nhng phn t cc oan, chng i  trong nc v bng nhiu th on tinh vi v thm him, tng hp. Do vy, phi thng xuyn coi trng xy dng tim lc kinh t, chnh tr, qun s, vn ha, x hi, xy dng lc lng vi trang vng mnh v mi mt. Ch trng tuyn truyn gio dc cho mi tng lp nhn dn lao ng hiu r m mu, th on c bn trong chin lc "Din bin ha bnh" m k th s dng  chng ph Vit Nam. 4. Nhng gii php phng chng chin lc  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt   Vit Nam hin nay 4.1. Nng cao nhn thc v m mu, th on ca cc th lc th ch, nm chc mi din bin khng  b ng v bt ng Ch ng pht hin kp thi nhng m mu, th on ca cc th lc th ch s dng  chng ph cch mng nc ta c ngh)a quan trng hng u. Do vy phi gio dc rng ri trong ton x hi  mi ngi dn Vit Nam, mi t chc chnh tr - x hi u nhn thc su sc m mu, th on trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh" ca k th chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. Phi lm tt cng tc ch o c quan tham mu, c quan chuyn trch v phi hp cc ngnh, cc cp trong x hi ch trng gio dc kin thc quc phng; thng qua cc knh thng tin i chng  nng cao cnh gic cch mng cho mi tng lp nhn dn lao ng. Cn phi u tranh ph phn nhng biu hin m h, mt cnh gic cch mng trong mt b phn nhn dn, hc sinh, sinh vin trc m mu, th on thm him trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh" ca k th chng ph nc ta hin nay. Mi ngi phi c thc t gic chp hnh php lut ca Nh nc v thng tin, tham gia tch cc u tranh chng lu truyn thng tin tri vi quy nh ca ng, Nh nc ta. Mi ngi dn Vit Nam phi c tri thc, c bn l)nh chnh tr, c phng php xem xt pht hin v bo co kp thi th on chng ph ca k th cho c quan chc nng x l khng  b ng bt ng. 4.2. y li t quan liu, tham nhing, tiu cc x hi, gi vng nh hng x hi ch ngh)a trn cc l)nh vc, chng nguy c tt hu v kinh t Mun ngn chn, u tranh t hiu qu, lm tht bi cc m mu, th on trong chin lc "Din bin ha bnh", bo lon lt  ca k th i vi nc ta th phi gi vng s n nh x hi v lm cho t nc ngy cng vng mnh v mi mt. Do , vic y li t quan liu, tham nhing, tiu cc x hi, gi vng nh hng x hi ch ngh)a trn cc l)nh vc, chng nguy c tt hu v kinh t l gii php hu hiu  gi vng v thc y yu t bn trong ca t nc lun n nh. T quan liu, tham nhing c Ch tch H Ch Minh gi l th gic ni xm. Nu  cn bnh ny tn ti ko di trong i ngi cn b, ng vin v trong x hi th s lm cn tr pht trin kinh t - x hi, lm suy yu ng, suy yu b my nh nc, gy bt bnh v gim lng tin ca nhn nhn lao ng vo ch  x hi. K th li dng vn  ny  khot su mu thun ni b, kch ng nhn dn lao ng ng ln biu tnh chng li chnh quyn a phng, chng ng v Nh nc ta, gy mt n nh x hi.  gi c s n nh x hi, th vn  mu cht phi gi vng c nh hng x hi ch ngh)a trn cc l)nh vc. Thc cht lm cho cc nhn t x hi ch ngh)a ngy cng cng c, pht trin v sm kt thc thi k qu  ln ch ngh)a x hi v s trnh c nguy c tt hu v kinh t. 4.3. Xy dng thc bo v T quc cho ton dn Bo v T quc l mt trong hai nhim v chin lc ca ton ng, ton qun, ton dn. Hin nay, tnh hnh th gii v khu vc c nhiu din bin phc tp, ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch li dng s sp  ca x hi ch ngh)a,  Lin X v ng u, li dng cuc chin chng khng b, tn cng quyt lit vo c lp ch quyn ca cc quc gia, dn tc, c bit l cc nc x hi ch ngh)a trong  c nc ta. V vy, khi t ln hng u nhim v xy dng t nc, nhn dn ta lun nu cao tinh thn cnh gic, cng c quc phng, bo v an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi, bo v T quc v cc thnh qu cch mng. Sc mnh bo v T quc ca t nc ta l sc mnh tng hp ca nhiu yu t nh chnh tr, qun s, kinh t, vn ho, khoa hc cng ngh; kt hp sc mnh trong nc v sc mnh quc t; sc mnh ca con ngi kt hp vi kh trang b, trong , yu t con ngi gi vng vai tr quyt nh. Nhim v trc ht ca ton ng, ton dn, ton qun ta l phi lm cho thc bo v T quc c thm nhun su sc trong mi tng lp nhn dn m trng tm l thanh nin. Gio dc thc bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a cho cc tng lp nhn dn phi mang tnh ton din: Tnh yu qu hng, t nc; tinh thn cnh gic trc mi m mu, th on ca k th chng ph c lp dn tc v ch ngh)a x hi ca nc ta; quan im, ng li ca ng v nhim v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a trong giai on cch mng mi; tinh thn sn sng x thn v T quc, quyt t  T quc quyt sinh... hnh thc gio dc phi a dng, ph hp vi tng i tng. 4.4. Xy dng c s chnh tr - x hi vng mnh v mi mt Xy dng c s chnh tr - x hi vng mnh s bo m cho ch  x hi lun n nh, pht trin. Do vy, phi lun lun ch trng xy dng khi i on kt ton dn tc vng mnh theo quan im ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam hin nay l on kt cc dn tc, tn gio, giai cp, tng lp nhn dn, mi thnh phn kinh t, mi gii, mi la tui, mi vng, mi min t nc; on kt trong ng v ngoi ng, ngi ang cng tc v ngi  ngh hu, ngi trong nc v ngi ang sinh sng  nc ngoi.  t c s on kt rng ri , ng v Nh nc phi c chnh sch x hi bo m li ch chnh ng cho tng giai tng, phi cng c khi lin minh cng - nng - tr lun vng chc, ng thi phi pht huy tinh thn yu nc, thc t lc, t cng, lng t ho ca ton dn. Phi lun ch trng xy dng h thng chnh tr t Trung ng n a phng ngy cng vng mnh v mi mt. Nng cao trnh  chnh tr, t tng, phm cht, o c, li sng ca ng vin, nng lc lnh o ca t chc ng  cc cp, nht l  c s. Thc hin tt quy ch dn ch  c s, cng c, nng cao cht lng, hiu qu, nn np hot ng ca cc t chc qun chng... Khc phc trit  hin tng mt on kt, cc b, bn v, b phi, c hi ch ngh)a di mi hnh thc. Duy tr nghim nguyn tc tp trung dn ch, tng cng kim tra ng  cc cp, x l kp thi nhng ng vin, t chc ng c khuyt im, khen thng kp thi nhng ng vin, t chc ng thc hin tt ng li, ch trng iu l ng v chnh sch, php lut ca Nh nc. 4.5. Chm lo xy dng lc lng vi trang  a phng vng mnh Lc lng dn qun t v, lc lng d b ng vin, lc lng an ninh nhn dn  c s l mt b phn ca cc lc lng vi trang nhn dn Vit Nam, do ng Cng sn lnh o, l cng c ch yu bo v ng, chnh quyn, nhn dn, ti sn Nh nc, ca t chc c s. Do vy, xy dng lc lng dn qun t v, lc lng d b ng vin phi c quan tm rng khp  tt c cc lng, bn, phng, x, th trn, cc c quan, t chc, bo m trin khai th trn quc phng, th trn phng th  cc a phng, c s. Phi ch trng gii quyt ng n mi quan h gia s lng v cht lng nhng ly cht lng l chnh.  mi a phng, phi ch trng kt hp pht ng phong tro qun chng bo v an ninh T quc v xy dng lc lng vi trang  c s. Qun chng l nn tng, l gc r ca dn tc, l ng lc chnh  thc y s pht trin ca x hi. V vy, qun chng cing l i tng  k th li dng, mua chuc nhm thc hin m mu, th on trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt  nhm chng ph cch mng nc ta. 4.6. Xy dng, luyn tp cc phng n, cc tnh hung chng "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt  ca ch Mi th on, hnh thc, bin php m k th s dng trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt , cn c phng thc x l c th, hiu qu. Khi mi tnh hung bo lon xy ra, cn pht huy sc mnh tng hp ca ton dn v ca c h thng chnh tr, x tr theo nguyn tc nhanh gn - kin quyt - linh hot - ng i tng - khng  lan rng, ko di. Yu cu phi xy dng cc phng n, tnh hung k th c th s dng trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt . T , xy dng y  luyn tp cc phng n st vi din bin tng a phng, tng n v, tng cp, tng ngnh. Hot ng x l bo lon phi t di s lnh o ca ng, iu hnh ca chnh quyn, cc c quan ban ngnh lm tham mu, trong  Qun i v Cng an lm nng ct. 4.7. y mnh s nghip cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc v chm lo nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn cho nhn dn lao ng y l mt gii php quan trng  u tranh, ngn nga m mu, th on trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt  ca k th. y mnh s nghip cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc theo nh hng x hi ch ngh)a thc cht l  to ra c s vt cht, pht trin lc lng sn xut v tng bc hon thin quan h sn xut x hi ch ngh)a; ng thi, l iu kin  tng nng sut lao ng ca x hi, nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn cho nhn dn lao ng,  to nn sc mnh ca th trn "lng dn". Yu cu t ra trong s nghip cng nghip ho, hin i ho  nc ta hin nay l phi ch trng hn na cht lng o to ngun nhn lc, huy ng v s dng tt hn ngun vn  tp trung pht trin nhng ngnh cng nghip mii nhn. Chng hin tng u t trn lan,  nhng d n treo ko di, trong o to cha cn i phn lung c cu trnh , ngnh ngh ca ngun nhn lc,  phc v hiu qu s nghip cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc. Nhng gii php trn y c quan h cht ch vi nhau, to thnh mt chnh th thng nht nhm u tranh ngn nga m mu, th on trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt  ca k th s dng  chng ph Vit Nam hin nay. V vy trong qu trnh t chc thc hin nhim v ny khng nn coi nh hoc tuyt i ho mt gii php no. Sinh vin l th h tng lai ca t nc, ng thi cing l mt i tng m cc th lc th ch li dng, chng ph nhm lm suy thoi v o c, li sng v phai nht nim tin, l tng x hi ch ngh)a. V vy, mi ngi phi c n lc hc tp v rn luyn  tr thnh cng dn tt, cng hin cho t nc, phi thng xuyn nu cao tinh thn cnh gic cch mng, pht hin v gp phn u tranh, ngn nga, nh bi mi m mu, th on ca k th trong chin lc "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt , hng xo b ch  x hi ch ngh)a  nc ta. CU HI N TP 1. Trnh by khi nim chin lc  Din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt ? 2. Trnh by m mu, th on  Din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt  ca ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch s dng chng ph cc nc x hi ch ngh)a? 3. Trnh by chin lc  Din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt  ca ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch chng ph i vi Vit Nam hin nay? 4. Phng hng, gii php c bn phng, chng "Din bin ho bnh", bo lon lt  ca ng, Nh nc ta hin nay? BI 3: XY DNG LC LNG DN QUN T V, LC LNG D B NG VIN 1. Xy dng lc lng dn qun t v 1.1. Khi nim, v tr, vai tr v nhim v ca lc lng dn qun t v 1.1.1. Khi nim Dn qun t v l lc lng vi trang qun chng khng thot ly sn xut, cng tc; l thnh phn ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn nc Cng ha x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam; l lc lng bo v ng, bo v chnh quyn, bo v tnh mng, ti sn ca nhn dn, ti sn ca Nh nc, lm nng ct cng ton dn nh gic  a phng, c s khi c chin tranh. 1.1.2. V tr, vai tr ca dn qun t v - Dn qun t v c t chc  x, phng, th trn (sau y gi chung l cp x) gi l dn qun; c t chc  c quan ca Nh nc, t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi, n v s nghip, t chc kinh t (sau y gi chung l c quan, t chc) gi l t v. - Dn qun t v l mt lc lng chin lc trong s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc. L lc lng nng ct trong xy dng nn quc phng ton dn v phong tro ton dn nh gic trong chin tranh bo v T quc v trong thi bnh ti a phng. Trong tnh hnh hin nay, chng ta phi i ph vi chin lc  Din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt  v sn sng chin u chng mi tnh hung chin tranh xm lc ca cc th lc th ch th vai tr ca dn qun t v cng c coi trng; - Lc lng dn qun t v ang l mt trong nhng cng c ch yu  bo v ch quyn, ton vn lnh th ca t nc, trc tip  tng a phng bo v ng, bo v chnh quyn, bo v tnh mng, ti sn ca nhn dn, ti sn ca nh nc  c s; nh gi v vai tr dn qun t v, Ch tch H Ch Minh  ni  Dn qun t v v du kch l lc lng ca ton dn tc, l lc lng v ch, l bc tng st ca T quc. V lun k th no d hung bo n u h ng vo lc lng , bc tng  th ch no cing phi tan r . - Trong thi bnh, dn qun t v l lc lng ng o tham gia xy dng kinh t, pht trin a phng v c nc. L lc lng nng ct cng ton dn xy dng nn quc phng ton dn, th trn quc phng ton dn, phi hp cng cc lc lng u tranh lm tht bi m mu  din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt , phng chng cc t nn x hi, phng chng thin tai, ch ho bo m an ton cho nhn dn; - Trong thi chin, dn qun t v lm nng ct cho ton dn nh gic, chin u, tiu hao, tiu dit lc lng, phng tin ca ch, cng ko, km chn, buc ch phi sa ly ti a phng; vn dng linh hot cc hnh thc chin thut, cc th on chin u, to th, to lc cho b i ch lc, b i a phng chin u, tham gia phc v chin u gi vng th trn chin tranh nhn dn. 1.1.3. Nhim v ca dn qun t v - Sn sng chin u, chin u v phc v chin u  bo v a phng, c s; phi hp vi cc n v b i bin phng, hi qun, cnh st bin v lc lng khc bo v ch quyn, an ninh bin gii quc gia v ch quyn, quyn ch quyn trn cc vng bin Vit Nam; - Phi hp vi cc n v Qun i nhn dn, Cng an nhn dn v lc lng khc trn a bn tham gia xy dng nn quc phng ton dn, khu vc phng th; gi gn an ninh chnh tr, trt t, an ton x hi, bo v ng, chnh quyn, bo v tnh mng, ti sn ca nhn dn, ti sn ca Nh nc; - Thc hin nhim v phng, chng, khc phc hu qu thin tai, dch bnh, tm kim, cu nn, bo v v phng, chng chy rng, bo v mi trng v nhim v phng th dn s khc; - Tuyn truyn, vn ng nhn dn thc hin ch trng, ng li, chnh sch ca ng, php lut ca Nh nc v quc phng, an ninh; tham gia xy dng c s vng mnh ton din, xy dng v pht trin kinh t - x hi ti a phng, c s; - Hc tp chnh tr, php lut, hun luyn qun s v din tp; - Thc hin cc nhim v khc theo quy nh ca php lut. (iu 8, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). 1.2. Ni dung xy dng lc lng dn qun t v 1.2.1. Phng chm xy dng Phng chm xy dng dn qun t v theo hng  vng mnh, rng khp, coi trng cht lng l chnh . - Vng mnh: c th hin l cht lng phi ton din c v chnh tr t tng, t chc, trnh  chnh tr, qun s v chuyn mn nghip v, bin ch trang b hp l, thng nht, c k lut nghim, c ng nhanh, sn sng chin u tt. Mi t chc dn qun t v phi lun vng vng; - Rng khp: Lc lng dn qun t v c xy dng  hu ht cc lng, bn, xm, p x, phng, cc t chc kinh t, chnh tr x hi,  u c t chc ng, chnh quyn v c dn   c t chc dn qun t v, k c cc doanh nghip ngoi quc doanh. Trng hp cc doanh nghip ngoi quc doanh khng  iu kin (khng c t chc ng) t chc dn qun t v nu c yu cu th gim c doanh nghip  ngh v c B ch huy qun s tnh (thnh ph trc thuc trung ng) ng th cng dn c tham gia dn qun t v  a phng (ni c tr). Gim c doanh nghip phi bo m thi gian v to iu kin cho cng nhn tham gia dn qun t v hot ng; - Coi trng cht lng l chnh: Ch tuyn chn a vo i ngi nhng cng dn c l lch r rng, c h khu thng tr ti a phng, c phm cht chnh tr, o c tt, lun chp hnh ng cc ch trng, chnh sch ca ng, php lut Nh nc, cc quy nh  a phng, c sc kho ph hp. 1.2.2. T chc, bin ch, trang b ca lc lng dn qun t v - T chc dn qun t v: + T chc n v dn qun t v gm:T; Tiu i, khu i; Trung i; i hi, hi i; Tiu on, hi on; + T chc ch huy qun s c s gm:Thn i; Ban ch huy qun s cp x; Ban ch huy qun s c quan, t chc  c s ni c t chc lc lng t v, c lc lng d b ng vin v ngun sn sng nhp ngi theo quy nh ca php lut; + Ban ch huy qun s b, c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph, Ban ng  trung ng, Vn phng Quc hi, Vn phng Ch tch nc, Kim ton nh nc, Vin kim st nhn dn ti cao, Ta n nhn dn ti cao, c quan trung ng ca t chc chnh tr - x hi, tp on kinh t v tng cng ty nh nc do Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh thnh lp (sau y gi chung l Ban ch huy qun s b, ngnh trung ng).(iu 17, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - Quy m t chc ca dn qun t v: + Quy m t chc ca dn qun t v c quy nh nh sau: Thn t chc t, tiu i, trung i dn qun ti ch; Cp x t chc trung i dn qun c ng; theo yu cu nhim v c th t chc t, tiu i trinh st, thng tin, cng binh, phng ha, y t. Cp x trng im v quc phng, an ninh t chc tiu i dn qun thng trc trong trung i dn qun c ng ca x. Cp x ven bin, x o t chc tiu i, trung i dn qun bin; C quan, t chc t chc tiu i, trung i, i i, tiu on t v. C quan, t chc c phng tin hot ng trn bin t chc tiu i, trung i, hi i, hi on t v bin; Trn c s cc n v dn qun t v quy nh ti cc im a, b v c khon ny, cn c vo yu cu nhim v, trn a bn cp huyn c th t chc i i dn qun t v c ng, trung i dn qun t v phng khng, pho binh, trung i dn qun t v lun phin thng trc. Trn a bn tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng (sau y gi chung l cp tnh), c th t chc i i dn qun t v phng khng, pho binh. + B trng B Quc phng quy nh vic m rng lc lng dn qun t v.(iu 18, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - T chc t v trong doanh nghip: + Cn c yu cu nhim v quc phng, an ninh, k hoch xy dng lc lng dn qun t v ca a phng  c cp c thm quyn ph duyt; s ph hp v quy m lao ng, t chc sn xut, kinh doanh ca doanh nghip vi t chc, hot ng ca dn qun t v, cp c thm quyn quy nh ti iu 28 ca Lut ny quyt nh vic thnh lp n v t v trong doanh nghip; + Doanh nghip cha t chc lc lng t v, th ch doanh nghip hoc ngi i din hp php ca ch doanh nghip c trch nhim t chc cho ngi lao ng ca doanh nghip thc hin ngh)a v tham gia dn qun t v  a phng ni doanh nghip hot ng.(iu 19, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - Chc v ch huy c bn ca dn qun t v: + Ch huy n v dn qun t v gm: Tiu i trng, Khu i trng; Trung i trng; i i trng, Chnh tr vin i i; Hi i trng, Chnh tr vin hi i; Tiu on trng, Chnh tr vin tiu on; Hi on trng, Chnh tr vin hi on; + Ch huy qun s  c s gm: Thn i trng; Ch huy trng, Chnh tr vin Ban ch huy qun s cp x; Ch huy trng, Chnh tr vin Ban ch huy qun s c quan, t chc  c s; + Ch huy trng, Chnh tr vin Ban ch huy qun s b, ngnh trung ng.(iu 20, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - Ban ch huy qun s cp x: + Ban ch huy qun s cp x gm:Ch huy trng l thnh vin y ban nhn dn cp x; Ch huy ph; Chnh tr vin, Chnh tr vin ph l cn b kim nhim. S lng Ch huy ph Ban ch huy qun s cp x do Chnh ph quy nh; + Ban ch huy qun s cp x c chc nng v nhim v sau y: Tham mu cho cp y ng, y ban nhn dn cp x lnh o, ch o, iu hnh thc hin nhim v quc phng, qun s  c s; ng k, qun l cng dn trong  tui thc hin ngh)a v tham gia dn qun t v, cng dn nam trong  tui sn sng nhp ngi; tuyn chn cng dn nhp ngi, qun l lc lng d b ng vin theo quy nh ca php lut; Xy dng v t chc thc hin k hoch v cng tc quc phng, qun s  c s; k hoch t chc lc lng, hun luyn v hot ng ca dn qun; k hoch xy dng lng, x chin u; k hoch phng th dn s v tham gia xy dng k hoch khc c lin quan n nhim v quc phng, an ninh  c s; Ch tr, phi hp vi ban, ngnh, on th t chc thc hin cng tc quc phng, qun s theo s lnh o, ch o ca cp y ng, y ban nhn dn cng cp v ch th, mnh lnh, k hoch, hng dn ca c quan qun s cp trn; Phi hp vi ban, ngnh, on th tuyn truyn, gio dc quc phng, an ninh cho lc lng vi trang v nhn dn; t chc lc lng dn qun, d b ng vin tham gia xy dng c s vng mnh ton din, thc hin chnh sch hu phng qun i; T chc hun luyn, gio dc chnh tr, php lut cho dn qun; ch huy dn qun thc hin nhim v quy nh ti iu 8 ca Lut ny; T chc ng k, qun l, bo qun v s dng vi kh, trang b ca cc n v dn qun thuc quyn theo quy nh ca php lut; T chc thc hin k hoch bo m hu cn, k thut ti ch p ng yu cu nhim v quc phng, qun s a phng; Gip y ban nhn dn cp x kim tra, s kt, tng kt cng tc quc phng, qun s a phng, cng tc t chc v hot ng ca dn qun thuc quyn.(iu 21, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - Ban ch huy qun s c quan, t chc  c s: + Ban ch huy qun s c quan, t chc  c s gm:Ch huy trng l ngi ng u hoc cp ph ca ngi ng u c quan, t chc kim nhim; Chnh tr vin, Ch huy ph, Chnh tr vin ph l cn b kim nhim; + Ban ch huy qun s c quan, t chc  c s c chc nng, nhim v sau y: Tham mu cho cp y ng, ngi ng u c quan, t chc lnh o, ch o cng tc quc phng, qun s ca c quan, t chc mnh; ng k, qun l t v ti c quan, t chc, thc hin cng tc tuyn qun v qun l lc lng d b ng vin di s ch o ca c quan qun s a phng; thc hin nhim v gio dc quc phng, an ninh cho cn b, cng chc, vin chc v ngi lao ng trong c quan, t chc; thc hin chnh sch hu phng qun i; Xy dng v t chc thc hin k hoch v cng tc quc phng, qun s ca c quan, t chc; k hoch t chc lc lng, hun luyn v hot ng ca t v; k hoch bo v c quan, t chc; k hoch phng th dn s, k hoch bo m hu cn, k thut ti ch v tham gia xy dng k hoch khc c lin quan n nhim v quc phng, an ninh  c s; Gip ngi ng u c quan, t chc trin khai thc hin k hoch ng vin quc phng v ngi, phng tin k thut v c s vt cht khc theo ch tiu ca Nh nc; tham gia xy dng khu vc phng th, xy dng c s vng mnh ton din, sn sng p ng yu cu nhim v quc phng, qun s ti a phng ni t tr s; T chc xy dng lc lng, hun luyn, gio dc chnh tr, php lut cho t v; ch huy t v thc hin nhim v quy nh ti iu 8 ca Lut ny; T chc ng k, qun l, bo qun v s dng vi kh, trang b ca cc n v t v thuc quyn theo quy nh ca php lut; Gip ngi ng u c quan, t chc kim tra, s kt, tng kt v cng tc quc phng, qun s, cng tc t chc v hot ng ca t v thuc quyn.(iu 22, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - Ban ch huy qun s b, ngnh trung ng: + Ban ch huy qun s b, ngnh trung ng gm: Ch huy trng l ngi ng u hoc cp ph ca ngi ng u b, ngnh trung ng kim nhim; Chnh tr vin, Ch huy ph, Chnh tr vin ph l cn b kim nhim; + Ban ch huy qun s b, ngnh trung ng c chc nng tham mu cho ng on, Ban cn s ng, cp y ng, ngi ng u b, ngnh trung ng v cng tc quc phng ca b, ngnh; phi hp vi cp y ng, chnh quyn a phng ch o cng tc quc phng, qun s a phng v cng tc dn qun t v; + Nhim v, quyn hn, c ch phi hp hot ng ca Ban ch huy qun s b, ngnh trung ng do Chnh ph quy nh.(iu 23, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - Thn i: + Thn i c nhim v tham mu v t chc thc hin cng tc quc phng, qun s a phng  thn; qun l, ch huy trc tip dn qun thuc quyn; + Chu s lnh o ca cp y ng, s ch o, ch huy trc tip ca Ban ch huy qun s cp x v phi hp vi Trng thn, Cng an vin v t chc, on th nhn dn thc hin nhim v quc phng, an ninh  thn.(iu 24, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). - V vi kh, trang b ca dn qun t v: + Dn qun t v c trang b vi kh, cng c h tr v phng tin k thut; + Vic trang b, ch  ng k, qun l, s dng vi kh, cng c h tr v phng tin k thut ca dn qun t v theo quy nh ca php lut.(iu 31, Lut dn qun t v nm 2009). 1.2.3. Gio dc chnh tr, hun luyn qun s i vi dn qun t v - Gio dc chnh tr: Gio dc chnh tr cho lc lng dn qun t v l mt ni dung quan trng hng u, nhm lm cho dn qun t v nng cao nhn thc v chnh tr, lp trng t tng vng vng, o c cch mng trong sng. Trn c s  pht huy tinh thn trch nhim, sn sng hon thnh nhim v, bo v qu hng, lng xm, a phng, n v mnh. Ni dung gio dc cn tp trung khng ngng tng cng bn cht cch mng v thc gic ng giai cp cho cn b, chin s dn qun t v, trn c s , thng xuyn nng cao cnh gic cch mng, nhn r bn cht, m mu th on ca k th. Gio dc truyn thng dn tc, tinh thn yu nc, yu ch  x hi ch ngh)a; mc tiu l tng ca ng; con ng i ln ch ngh)a x hi m ng v nhn dn ta la chn; qun trit hai nhim v chin lc xy dng v bo v T quc, nhim v cng c quc phng - an ninh, chng  Din bin ho bnh bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch: Cng tc quc phng a phng, xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn. Mt s ni dung c bn v hin php, php lut, php lnh v dn qun t v, ni dung phng php tin hnh vn ng qun chng... - Hun luyn qun s: Hng nm, lc lng dn qun t v c hun luyn theo ni dung, chng trnh do B Quc phng quy nh, ni dung hun luyn phi ph hp v st vi c s do ch huy qun s a phng cc cp xc nh c th. Hun luyn ton din c chin thut, k thut, c b binh v cc binh chng, chuyn mn k thut... Thi gian hun luyn theo quy nh ca php lut. 1.3. Mt s bin php xy dng lc lng dn qun t v trong giai on hin nay - Thng xuyn gio dc, qun trit su rng cc quan im, ch trng chnh sch ca ng, Nh nc v cng tc dn qun t v; - Pht huy sc mnh tng hp trn a bn a phng trong xy dng lc lng dn qun t v; - Xy dng lc lng dn qun t v gn vi xy dng c s vng mnh ton din; - Thc hin nghim tc, y  cc ch  chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc i vi lc lng dn qun t v. 2. Xy dng lc lng d b ng vin 2.1. Khi nim, v tr, vai tr xy dng lc lng d b ng vin 2.1.1. Khi nim Lc lng d b ng vin gm qun nhn d b v phng tin k thut  xp trong k hoch b sung cho lc lng thng trc ca qun i nhm duy tr tim lc qun s, l yu t gp phn quyt nh s thng li trong chin tranh bo v T quc. - Qun nhn d b gm s) quan d b, qun nhn chuyn nghip d b v h s) quan, binh s) d b. Phng tin k thut gm phng tin vn ti, lm ng, xp d, thng tin lin lc, y t v mt s phng tin khc. Danh mc phng tin k thut do Chnh ph quy nh. - Qun nhn d b, phng tin k thut trong k hoch bin ch cho lc lng thng trc ca qun i, thng qua cc n v d b ng vin. Trong thi bnh, lc lng d b ng vin c ng k, qun l, hun luyn theo chng trnh quy nh v sn sng hon thnh mi nhim v c giao. 2.1.2. V tr, vai tr cng tc xy dng lc lng d b ng vin - Cng tc xy dng v huy ng lc lng d b ng vin gi v tr rt quan trng trong chin lc quc phng v an ninh bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a; l mt trong nhng nhim v c bn nht gp phn xy dng tim lc quc phng ton dn, th trn quc phng ton dn, th trn chin tranh nhn dn, bo m ngun nhn lc b sung, m rng lc lng qun i khi chuyn t nc sang trng thi chin tranh; - Lc lng d b ng vin phi hp cht ch vi lc lng dn qun t v, lc lng cng an... lm tng thm sc mnh chin u trn cc a bn trong khu vc phng th, bo m s vng chc ca th trn quc phng  a phng, c s; - Cng tc xy dng lc lng d b ng vin l biu hin qun trit quan im v s kt hp cht ch hai nhim v chin lc trong xy dng v bo v T quc, s kt hp cht ch gia nhim v xy dng, pht trin kinh t vi nhim v xy dng v cng c quc phng, quc phng vi kinh t; - Lc lng d b ng vin c xy dng  b sung cho lc lng thng trc ca qun i. Lc lng d b ng vin c xy dng tt s lm nng ct cho c xy dng, pht trin kinh t - x hi v c trong thc hin chin lc quc phng v an ninh, bo v T quc. 2.2. Nhng quan im, nguyn tc xy dng lc lng d b ng vin 2.2.1. Xy dng lc lng d b ng vin bo m s lng , chtlng cao, xy dng ton din nhng c trng tm, trng im Vic t chc xy dng lc lng d b ng vin  nc ta l mt vn  h trng, quan h n vn mnh ca quc gia, c bit khi phi i ph vi chin tranh quy m ln. Do , ngay t thi bnh, phi xy dng lc lng d b ng vin hng hu theo k hoch  xc nh mi c kh nng ginh thng li khi c lnh ng vin. Xy dng lc lng d b ng vin phi c cht lng cao. Cht lng cao c th hin trn tt c cc l)nh vc: chnh tr, tinh thn, t chc, lnh o, ch huy, trnh  k thut, chin thut, chuyn mn nghip v, trang b, kh nng bo m hu cn k thut. V vy,  c cht lng cao, yu cu u tin l phi xy dng lc lng d b ng vin vng mnh v chnh tr, t tng, t chc, c bn l)nh chnh tr vng vng, c nng lc hon thnh thng li mi nhim v, trong  tp trung vo khu qun l, gio dc, to ngun. Cng vi xy dng lc lng d b ng vin vng mnh v chnh tr, t tng v t chc, phi nng cao trnh  ton din cho cn b, chin s). Vic hun luyn qun s cho lc lng d b ng vin phi c tin hnh nghim tc theo chng trnh quy nh ca B Quc phng. 2.2.2. Xy dng lc lng d b ng vin phi pht huy sc mnh tng hp ca c h thng chnh tr Xy dng lc lng d b ng vin l nhim v chnh tr thng xuyn ca ton ng, ton dn, ton qun, l cuc vn ng chnh tr su sc trong qun chng  thc hin ngh)a v bo v T quc, bo v ch . S lnh o trc tip, tuyt i, v mi mt ca ng t Trung ng n c s, c th ch ho bng cc vn bn php lut ca c quan lp php, s iu hnh ca Chnh ph, chnh quyn a phng cc cp, s hip ng thc hin gia cc n v qun i, c quan qun s vi cc c quan trong h thng chnh quyn, cc t chc chnh tr, kinh t, x hi& v s chm lo xy dng ca ton x hi. S lnh o ca ng i vi lc lng d b ng vin l t Trung ng n c s v c th hin trn tt c cc mt cng tc, t bc chun b n thc hnh nhim v ng vin. Pht huy sc mnh tng hp ca c h thng chnh tr, ca ton x hi v ca mi cng dn  xy dng lc lng d b ng vin vng mnh.  l yu t c bn nht lun bo m cho lc lng d b ng vin c s lng hp l, cht lng cao, p ng c yu cu trong mi tnh hung. 2.2.3. Xy dng lc lng d b ng vin t di s lnh o ca ng cc cp  a phng, b, ngnh Xut pht t v tr, tm quan trng ca vic xy dng lc lng d b ng vin nh trn nn xy dng lc lng d b ng vin phi t di s lnh o trc tip, tuyt i v mi mt ca ng. y l nguyn tc c bn nhm bo m cho lc lng ny lun c ni dung, phng hng, mc tiu xy dng ng n, nhm bo m sc mnh ca qun i p ng yu cu bo v vng chc T quc x hi ch ngh)a. S lnh o ca ng trong xy dng lc lng d b ng vin c th hin trn tt c cc khu, cc bc, t chun b n thc hnh ng vin lc lng. 2.3. Ni dung xy dng lc lng d b ng vin 2.3.1. Phng thc xy dng lc lng d b ng vin - Phng thc chung: Pht huy kh nng trch nhim cao nht ca a phng, cc ngnh kinh t, kt hp cht ch vi kh nng, trch nhim y  ca cc n v qun i  t chc xy dng lc lng d b ng vin. Vi phng thc a phng chuyn vic giao ngun cho cc n v ch lc sang t chc hnh thnh cc n v d b ng vin theo nhim v trn giao. Trong  a phng thc hin l chnh (tr vi kh trang b v hun luyn), cc n v ch lc nhn ngun cung cp biu bin ch, phi hp cng a phng t chc thc hin; - Phng thc t chc: Cc n v d b ng vin c bin ch thnh n v bin ch khung thng trc v n v khng bin ch khung thng trc 2.3.2. Ni dung xy dng - To ngun, ng k, qun l lc lng d b ng vin: + To ngun: L c s quan trng nht  lp k hoch xy dng v huy ng lc lng d b ng vin. Bin php to ngun i vi s) quan d b, c quan qun s a phng qun l chc s s) quan phc vin, xut ngi. Hng nm, la chn nhng ng ch tui i cn tr, c sc kho, phm cht nng lc tt a h vo to ngun. S cn b chuyn mn k thut ca nn kinh t quc dn (y t, bu chnh vin thng, giao thng vn ti...) c th phc v li ch quc phng khi c chin tranh. Hng nm, tuyn chn s h s) quan c phm cht nng lc tt trc khi xut ngi cho i hun luyn, o to h thnh s) quan d b. Sinh vin t cc trng i hc, sau khi tt nghip c o to thnh s) quan d b. B Quc phng phi hp vi B Gio dc v o to thc hin lin kt o to theo nhu cu chuyn mn k thut. o to xong c th chuyn mt s sang qun i, s cn li a vo ngch d b ng vin. i vi h s) quan, chin s) sau khi  hon thnh ngh)a v qun s phc vin xut ngi, c  iu kin v phm cht nng lc, sc kho a h vo ngun. Ngoi ra, a c s thanh nin  c tuyn chn xp vo din sn sng nhp ngi, nhng cha nhp ngi vo ngun qun nhn d b. i vi phng tin k thut (theo iu 4, 24, 26 Php lnh D b ng vin nm 1996). + ng k, qun l ngun: Vic ng k, qun l lc lng d b ng vin phi c k hoch thng xuyn, cht ch v chnh xc, ng k qun l c con ngi v phng tin k thut. i vi qun nhn d b, c tin hnh ng k, qun l ti ni c tr, do Ban ch huy qun s x (phng), ban ch huy qun s huyn (qun, th x, thnh ph trc thuc tnh) thc hin. ng k qun l phi chnh xc theo tng chuyn ngnh qun s,  tui, loi sc kho, hon cnh gia nh, trnh  vn ho, nhn thc v chnh tr, trnh  hiu bit v qun s, chuyn mn, nghip v. i vi phng tin k thut, phi ng k, qun l chnh xc thng xuyn c s lng, cht lng, tnh trng k thut ca tng phng tin. - T chc, bin ch n v d b ng vin: T chc, bin ch lc lng d b ng vin l t chc sp xp qun nhn d b, phng tin k thut thnh tng n v d b ng vin theo k hoch  qun l, hun luyn nng cao kh nng sn sng ng vin, sn sng chin u. Cc n v d b ng vin phi duy tr  qun s, trang b v phng tin k thut. Hin nay, n v d b ng vin c t chc theo cc loi hnh: n v bin ch thiu, n v bin ch khung thng trc, n v khng c khung thng trc, n v bin ch  nhn i v n v chuyn mn thi chin. Khi sp xp qun nhn d b vo cc n v d b ng vin phi theo nguyn tc: + Sp xp ngi c trnh  chuyn nghip qun s, chuyn mn k thut ph hp vi chc danh bin ch, nu thiu th sp xp ngi c trnh  chuyn nghip qun s, chuyn mn k thut tng ng; + Sp xp qun nhn d b hng mt trc, nu thiu th sp xp qun nhn d b hng hai. Sp xp nhng qun nhn d b c tr gn nhau vo tng n v. - Gio dc chnh tr, hun luyn din tp, kim tra n v d b ng vin: + Gio dc chnh tr: Gio dc chnh tr l nhim v hng u trong xy dng lc lng d b ng vin nhm lm cho mi cn b chin s) nng cao nhn thc v chnh tr, c lp trng t tng vng vng, kin nh mc tiu, l tng. Ni dung gio dc: Cn tp trung vo ng li, ch trng, chnh sch ca ng, php lut ca Nh nc, quan im quc phng ton dn, chin tranh nhn dn, xy dng lc lng d b ng vin, m mu th on ca k th i vi cch mng, truyn thng nh gic gi nc ca dn tc ta. Gio dc chnh tr phi thng xuyn lin tc cho tt c cc i tng; c thc hin xen k trong tng giai on, tng t hun luyn, din tp. + Cng tc hun luyn Phng chm hun luyn:  Cht lng, thit thc, hiu qu, tp trung c trng tm, trng im . Ni dung hun luyn gm k thut b binh, binh chng; chin thut tng ngi n cp i i, cng tc hu cn, bng b cu thng v hot ng chng  Din bin ho bnh , bo lon lt . Bin php hun luyn c th hun luyn tp trung ti cc n v d b ng vin hoc phn tn ti cc a phng, c s. Cn vn dng sng to, linh hot nhng phng php hun luyn thch hp st i tng, st thc t. Hng nm, sau kho hun luyn, lc lng d b ng vin s tham gia hp luyn, din tp. Kt thc din tp, t chc rt kinh nghim  kp thi b sung, nng cao cht lng hun luyn, gio dc trong cc n v d b ng vin. Cng vi hun luyn din tp, ch  kim tra thc hin nhim v c tin hnh theo quy nh nhm gip lnh o, ch huy nm c thc trng t chc, xy dng lc lng d b ng vin  c ch trng, bin php st ng. - Bo m hu cn, k thut, ti chnh cho xy dng lc lng d b ng vin: + Vt cht k thut, kinh ph l yu t rt quan trng  bo m xy dng lc lng d b ng vin gm vi kh trang b, hu cn k thut v ti chnh. Yu cu phi bo m ng mc,   trin khai xy dng lc lng d b ng vin cht lng ngy cng cao; + Vic bo m vt cht, kinh ph hng nm do Chnh ph giao ch tiu nhim v c th cho cc b ngnh, a phng thc hin. 2.4 Mt s bin php xy dng lc lng d b ng vin trong giai on hin nay - Thng xuyn gio dc su rng trong ton ng, ton dn, ton qun v v tr, nhim v, nhng quan im ca ng, Nh nc i vi lc lng d b ng vin; - Thc hin c ch ng lnh o, chnh quyn iu hnh, c quan qun s v cc c quan chc nng lm tham mu v t chc thc hin; - Thng xuyn cng c, kin ton, bi dng c quan v i ngi cn b lm cng tc xy dng lc lng d b ng vin; - Thc hin y , nghim tc cc ch , chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc i vi lc lng d b ng vin. CU HI N TP 1. Dn qun t v l g? Trnh by vai tr, nhim v ca lc lng dn qun t v? 2. Phng chm xy dng dn qun t v theo hng  vng mnh, rng khp, coi trng cht lng l chnh , anh (ch) hiu vn  ny nh th no? Ti sao phi coi trng cht lng l chnh? 3. D b ng vin l g? Trnh by vai tr, nhim v ca lc lng d b ng vin? 4. Trnh by quan im v nguyn tc trong xy dng lc lng d b ng vin hin nay? BI 4: XY DNG V BO V CH QUYN LNH TH, BIN GII QUC GIA 1. Xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia 1.1. Ch quyn lnh th quc gia - Quc gia l thc th php l bao gm ba yu t cu thnh: Lnh th, dn c v quyn lc cng cng. Quc gia l ch th cn bn nht ca lut quc t. Ch quyn quc gia l c trng c bn, quan trng nht ca quc gia. Theo lut php quc t hin i, tt c cc quc gia u bnh ng v ch quyn. - Lnh th quc gia l phm vi khng gian c gii hn bi bin gii quc gia, thuc ch quyn hon ton v y  ca mt quc gia. Lnh th quc gia Vit Nam bao gm: Vng t quc gia, vng bin quc gia (ni thu v lnh hi), vng tri quc gia, ngoi ra cn gm lnh th quc gia c bit. Vng t quc gia (k c cc o v qun o) l phn mt t v lng t ca t lin (lc a), ca o, qun o thuc ch quyn mt quc gia; b phn quan trng nht cu thnh nn lnh th quc gia, lm c s  xc nh vng tri quc gia, ni thu, lnh hi. Vng t quc gia c th gm nhng lc a  nhng im khc nhau (tch ri nhau), nhng cc vng t  u thuc lnh th thng nht ca quc gia; hoc cing c th ch bao gm cc o, qun o  ngoi bin hp thnh quc gia qun o. Vit Nam l mt quc gia nm trn bn o ng Dng, ven bin Thi Bnh Dng, c vng t quc gia va l t lin, va l o, va l qun o, bao gm t nh Ling C, H Giang n mii C Mau; cc o nh Ph Quc, Ci Ln... v qun o Hong Sa, Trng Sa. Vit Nam c ba mt trng ra bin: ng, Nam v Ty Nam, vi b bin di 3.260 km, t Mng Ci n H Tin. Phn Bin ng thuc ch quyn Vit Nam m rng v pha ng v ng Nam, c thm lc a, cc o v qun o ln nh bao bc. Ring Vnh Bc B  tp trung mt qun th gn 3.000 hn o trong khu vc Vnh H Long, Bi T Long; cc o Ct Hi, Ct B, Bch Long V)& ; xa hn l qun o Hong Sa v Trng Sa; pha Ty Nam v Nam c cc nhm o Cn Sn, Ph Quc v Th Chu. Ni thu l vng bin nm  pha trong ca ng c s  tnh chiu rng lnh hi. ng c s l ng gy khc ni lin cc im c la chn ti ngn nc thu triu thp nht dc theo b bin v cc o gn b do Chnh ph nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam xc nh v cng b. Vng nc thuc ni thy c ch  php l nh lnh th trn t lin. Ni thu ca Vit Nam bao gm: Cc vng nc pha trong ng c s; vng nc cng c gii hn bi ng ni cc im nh ra ngoi khi xa nht ca cc cng trnh thit b thng xuyn l b phn hu c ca h thng cng. Lnh hi l vng bin c chiu rng 12 hi l tnh t ng c s, c ch  php l nh lnh th t lin. Ranh gii ngoi ca lnh hi l bin gii quc gia trn bin. Trong lnh hi, tu thuyn ca cc quc gia khc c hng quyn qua li khng gy hi v thng i theo tuyn phn lung giao thng bin ca nc ven bin. Lnh hi ca Vit Nam bao gm lnh hi ca t lin, lnh hi ca o, lnh hi ca qun o. Nc ta c thm lc a rng ln, l vng t v lng t y bin ko di t nhin t lnh th t lin ra n b ngoi ca ra lc a, gii hn 200 hi l tnh t ng c s lnh hi. Vit Nam c ch quyn v quyn ti phn quc gia i vi thm lc a; ch quyn ca nc ta i vi thm lc a l ng nhin, khng ph thuc vo vic c tuyn b hay khng. - Lnh th quc gia c bit l loi lnh th c th ca mt quc gia tn ti hp php trong lnh th mt quc gia khc hoc trn vng bin, vng tri quc t. V d nh tr s lm vic v ni  ca c quan i din ngoi giao& Vng tri quc gia l khong khng gian pha trn lnh th quc gia; l b phn cu thnh lnh th quc gia v thuc ch quyn hon ton ca quc gia . Vic lm ch vng tri quc gia trn vng lnh th quc gia c bit c thc hin theo quy nh chung ca cng c quc t. - Ch quyn quc gia l quyn lm ch mt cch c lp, ton vn v y  v mi mt lp php, hnh php v t php ca mt quc gia trong phm vi lnh th ca quc gia . Quc gia th hin ch quyn ca mnh trn mi phng din kinh t, chnh tr, qun s, ngoi giao. Tt c cc nc, khng tnh n quy m lnh th, dn s, ch  x hi, u c ch quyn quc gia. Ch quyn quc gia l c trng chnh tr v php l thit yu ca mt quc gia c lp, c th hin trong hot ng ca cc c quan nh nc v trong h thng php lut quc gia. Tn trng ch quyn quc gia l mt nguyn tc c bn ca lut php quc t. Hin chng Lin hp quc khng nh nguyn tc bnh ng v ch quyn gia cc quc gia; khng mt quc gia no c can thip hoc khng ch, xm phm ch quyn ca mt quc gia khc. - Ch quyn lnh th quc gia l mt b phn ca ch quyn quc gia, khng nh quyn lm ch ca quc gia  trn vng lnh th ca mnh. Mi nc c ton quyn nh ot mi vic trn lnh th ca mnh, khng c xm phm lnh th v can thip vo cng vic ni b ca cc quc gia khc. Ch quyn lnh th quc gia dng li  bin gii quc gia; mi t tng v hnh ng th hin ch quyn quc gia vt qu bin gii quc gia ca mnh u l hnh ng xm phm ch quyn ca cc quc gia khc v tri vi cng c quc t. Ch quyn lnh th quc gia l tuyt i, bt kh xm phm; tn trng ch quyn lnh th quc gia l nguyn tc c bn trong quan h v lut php quc t 1.2. Ch quyn bin gii quc gia Lut Bin gii quc gia ca Vit Nam nm 2003 xc nh:  Bin gii quc gia ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam l ng v mt phng thng ng theo ng   xc nh gii hn lnh th t lin, cc o, cc qun o trong  c qun o Hong Sa v qun o Trng Sa, vng bin, lng t, vng tri ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam . Bin gii quc gia ca Vit Nam c xc nh bng h thng cc mc quc gii trn thc a, c nh du bng cc to  trn hi  v th hin bng mt phng thng ng theo lnh th Vit Nam. Bin gii quc gia Vit Nam bao gm bin gii quc gia trn t lin, bin gii quc gia trn bin, bin gii quc gia trn khng, bin gii quc gia trong lng t. Bin gii quc gia trn t linl bin gii quc gia phn nh lnh th quc gia trn b mt t lin ca vng t quc gia. Trong thc t, bin gii quc gia trn t lin c xc lp da vo cc yu t a hnh (ni, sng, sui, h nc, thung ling ...); thin vn (theo kinh tuyn, v) tuyn); hnh hc (ng li lin cc im quy c). Bin gii quc gia trn t lin c xc lp trn c s tho thun gia cc quc gia c lnh th tip gip vi nhau v c th hin bng cc iu c hoch nh bin gii gia cc quc gia lin quan. Vit Nam c ng bin gii quc gia trn t lin di 4.550 km tip gip vi Trung Quc  pha Bc, vi Lo v Campuchia  pha Ty, pha ng gip Bin ng. Bin gii quc gia trn bin l bin gii quc gia phn nh lnh th quc gia trn bin gia cc quc gia c b bin lin k hay i din nhau; l ranh gii pha ngoi ca lnh hi. Bin gii quc gia trn bin ca quc gia qun o l ng bin gii quc gia phn nh lnh th quc gia vi bin c. i vi cc o ca mt quc gia nm ngoi phm vi lnh hi ca quc gia, bin gii quc gia trn bin l ng ranh gii pha ngoi ca lnh hi bao quanh o. Bin gii quc gia trn bin ca Vit Nam c hoch nh v nh du bng cc ta  trn hi  l ranh gii pha ngoi lnh hi ca t lin, lnh hi ca o, lnh hi ca qun o ca Vit Nam, c xc nh theo Cng c ca Lin hp quc v Lut bin nm 1982 v cc iu c quc t gia Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam v cc quc gia hu quan. Bin gii quc gia trn khng l bin gii phn nh vng tri gia cc quc gia lin k hoc cc vng tri quc t, c xc nh bi mt phng thng ng t bin gii quc gia trn t lin v bin gii quc gia trn bin ln trn vng tri. Trong iu kin khoa hc v cng ngh pht trin, vic xc lp bin gii quc gia trn khng c ngh)a ngy cng quan trng trong vic thc hin ch quyn i vi vng tri quc gia. n nay cha c quc gia no quy nh  cao c th ca bin gii quc gia trn khng. Bin gii quc gia trong lng t l bin gii quc gia phn nh lnh th quc gia trong lng t pha di vng t quc gia, ni thu v lnh hi, c xc nh bi mt phng thng ng t bin gii quc gia trn t lin v bin gii quc gia trn bin xung lng t.  su c th ca bin gii quc gia trong lng t c xc nh bng  su m k thut khoan c th thc hin. n nay, cha c quc gia no quy nh  su c th ca bin gii quc gia trong lng t. Khu vc bin giil vng lnh th tip gip bin gii quc gia c quy ch, quy nh c bit do Chnh ph ban hnh nhm bo v an ton bin gii. Khu vc bin gii Vit Nam bao gm: khu vc bin gii trn t lin gm x, phng, th trn c mt phn a gii hnh chnh trng hp vi bin gii quc gia Vit Nam trn t lin; khu vc bin gii quc gia Vit Nam trn bin c tnh t bin gii quc gia trn bin vo ht a gii hnh chnh x, phng, th trn gip bin v o, qun o; khu vc bin gii quc gia trn khng gm phn khng gian dc theo bin gii quc gia c chiu rng mi kilmt tnh t bin gii Vit Nam tr vo. 2. Quan im ca ng, Nh nc v xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia 2.1. Xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l mt ni dung quan trng ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a c hnh thnh v pht trin trong qu trnh u tranh cch mng ca dn tc ta di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam; l s k tha v pht trin mi T quc, t nc, dn tc v con ngi Vit Nam sut chiu di lch s my ngn nm dng nc v gi nc trong iu kin mi. Lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia Vit Nam l mt b phn hp thnh quan trng, khng th tch ri ca t nc Vit Nam, ca T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l yu t c bn bo m cho s n nh, bn chc ca t nc Vit Nam. Ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l s khng nh ch quyn ca Nh nc Vit Nam, bao gm c quyn lp php, hnh php v t php trong phm vi lnh th, gm c vng t, vng tri, ni thu, lnh hi v lnh th c bit ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam. V vy, xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l mt ni dung c bit quan trng ca xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. S nghip xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a khng th trn vn v thnh cng nu ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia khng c xy dng v bo v tt, b xm phm. 2.2. Ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l thing ling, bt kh xm phm ca dn tc Vit Nam Lnh th quc gia Vit Nam l ni sinh ra v lu gi, pht trin con ngi v nhng gi tr ca dn tc Vit Nam. Tri qua my nghn nm dng nc v gi nc, cc th h ngi Vit Nam  phi  bit bao m hi, xng mu mi xy dng nn, mi gi gn, bo v c lnh th quc gia ton vn, thng nht v ti p nh ngy hm nay. Nh  m con ngi Vit Nam, dn tc Vit Nam c th tn ti, sinh sng, vn ln v pht trin mt cch c lp, bnh ng vi cc quc gia, dn tc khc trong cng ng quc t; nhng gi tr, truyn thng, bn sc vn ho ca dn tc Vit Nam c khng nh, lu truyn v pht trin snh vai vi cc cng quc nm chu. Ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l kt qu u tranh dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc Vit Nam sut chiu di hng ngn nm lch s. T tha Hng Vng dng nc n thi i H Ch Minh, ng trc nhng k th to ln v hung bo, dn tc Vit Nam lun c thc v quyt tm bo v. D phi tri qua hng chc cuc chin tranh ln nh, phi chu di ch  h ca cc th lc phong kin, thc dn,  quc, ngi Vit Nam lun pht cao ho kh anh hng, lng t ho, t tn dn tc trong dng nc v gi nc, xy dng v gi gn bin cng lnh th quc gia, xy dng v bo v T quc. T tng  Sng ni nc Nam vua Nam  , ch quyt tm  nh cho n phin gip bt hon; nh cho s tri Nam quc anh hng chi hu ch ca ng cha ta c tip ni, khng nh v nng ln tm cao mi trong thi i H Ch Minh. Ch tch H Ch Minh tng dy:  Cc vua Hng  c cng dng nc, Bc chu ta phi cng nhau gi ly nc . Ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia Vit Nam l quyn thing ling, bt kh xm phm ca dn tc Vit Nam. Nh nc Vit Nam, nhn dn Vit Nam quyt tm gi gn v bo v quyn thing ling, bt kh xm phm . Lut Bin gii quc gia ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam khng nh:  Bin gii quc gia ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam l thing ling, bt kh xm phm. Xy dng, qun l, bo v bin gii quc gia c ngh)a c bit quan trng i vi s ton vn lnh th, ch quyn quc gia, gp phn gi vng n nh chnh tr, pht trin kinh t - x hi, tng cng quc phng v an ninh ca t nc . 2.3. Xy dng bin gii ho bnh, hu ngh, n nh; gii quyt cc vn  tranh chp thng qua m phn ho bnh, tn trng c lp, ch quyn, ton vn lnh th v li ch chnh ng ca nhau Xy dng bin gii ho bnh, hu ngh, n nh l vn  c bit quan trng ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc.  l quan im nht qun ca ng v Nh nc ta. Quan im ny ph hp vi li ch v lut php ca Vit Nam, ph hp vi cng c v lut php quc t, cing nh li ch ca cc quc gia c lin quan. ng v Nh nc ta coi vic gi vng mi trng ho bnh, n nh  pht trin kinh t - x hi, thc hin cng nghip ho, hin i ho theo nh hng x hi ch ngh)a l li ch cao nht ca t nc. Trong gii quyt cc vn  tranh chp lnh th, bin o v bin gii, ng v Nh nc ta lun nht qun thc hin quan im gii quyt cc tranh chp bng thng lng ho bnh, tn trng c lp, ch quyn, ton vn lnh th v li ch chnh ng ca nhau. V nhng vn  tranh chp ch quyn lnh th trn b, trn bin do lch s  li, hoc mi ny sinh, ng v Nh nc ta khng nh:  Vit Nam lun sn sng thng lng ho bnh  gii quyt mt cch c l, c tnh . Vit Nam ng h vic gii quyt cc mu thun, bt ng trong khu vc thng qua i thoi, thng lng ho bnh, khng s dng vi lc hay e do s dng vi lc. Nhng Vit Nam cing sn sng t v chng li mi hnh ng xm phm lnh th t lin, vng tri, vng bin v li ch quc gia ca Vit Nam. V vn  tranh chp ch quyn  Bin ng, quan im nht qun ca Vit Nam l: Vit Nam khng nh ch quyn khng th tranh ci i vi vng bin, o ca Vit Nam trn Bin ng, trong  c hai qun o Hong Sa v Trng Sa. Vit Nam c y  chng c lch s v c s php l v vn  ny. Tuy nhin, v li ch an ninh chung ca cc bn hu quan, Vit Nam sn sng m phn ho bnh  gii quyt, trc mt l t ti s tho thun v  B quy tc ng x trong khi tip tc tm kim gii php lu di cho vn  Bin ng. 2.4. Xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th,bin o v bin gii quc gia l s nghip ca ton dn, di s lnh o ca ng, s qun l thng nht ca Nh nc, lc lng vi trang l nng ct Xut pht t quan im cch mng l s nghip ca qun chng nhn dn ca ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin v t tng H Ch Minh, ng ta xc nh xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l s nghip ca ton dn, di s lnh o ca ng, s qun l thng nht ca Nh nc. Cng dn Vit Nam phi lm y  trch nhim, ngh)a v xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a, xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia do php lut quy nh.  l quan im c bn, ng thi l nguyn tc ch o trong thc hin nhim v xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia ca ng v Nh nc ta. ng Cng sn Vit Nam lnh o s nghip xy dng bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a, xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia. Nh nc thng nht qun l vic xy dng, qun l, bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia; c chnh sch u tin c bit xy dng khu vc bin gii vng mnh v mi mt. Mt trn T quc Vit Nam v cc t chc thnh vin trong phm vi chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn ca mnh c trch nhim tuyn truyn, vn ng cc tng lp nhn dn nghim chnh chp hnh ng li, chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc, c bit l Ngh quyt v Chin lc bo v T quc trong tnh hnh mi, Lut Quc phng, Lut Ngh)a v qun s, Lut Bin gii quc gia. Qun i nhn dn Vit Nam l lc lng nng ct trong nhim v bo v ton vn lnh th ca T quc, bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia. B i Bin phng l lc lng nng ct, chuyn trch, phi hp vi lc lng Cng an nhn dn, cc ngnh hu quan v chnh quyn a phng trong hot ng qun l, bo v bin gii quc gia, gi gn an ninh, trt t, an ton x hi  khu vc bin gii theo quy nh ca php lut. 3. Mt s gii php c bn ca ng, Nh nc v xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia - y mnh tuyn truyn, gio dc, to s thng nht nhn thc v hnh ng trong ton ng, ton dn v ton qun v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia; - Hon thin h thng php lut, cc vn bn quy phm php lut v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia; nng cao hiu lc qun l nh nc v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia; - Thc hin tt chnh sch i ngoi: a dng ho, a phng ho cc hnh thc hp tc ca cc cp, cc ngnh; lm tt cng tc i ngoi nhn dn hai bn bin gii, gii quyt tho ng nhng tn ti trong quan h bin gii vi tng nc v cc vn  v bin gii mi ny sinh; - Tng cng s lnh o ca ng, nng cao nng lc qun l, iu hnh ca Nh nc, s phi hp cht ch ca cc ngnh, cc lc lng t Trung ng n a phng trong xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v an ninh bin gii. 2.4. Trch nhim ca cng dn trong vic bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia Mi cng dn Vit Nam u c ngh)a v, trch nhim xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th,bin o v bin gii quc gia Vit Nam. Trch nhim ca cng dn Vit Nam i vi s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a, xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia Vit Nam c quy nh c th trong Hin php v lut. iu 64, Hin php nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam nm 2013 (sa i) quy nh:  Bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a l s nghip ca ton dn& C quan, t chc, cng dn phi thc hin y  nhim v quc phng v an ninh. . iu 1, Lut Ngh)a v qun s ch r:  Bo v T quc l ngh)a v thing ling v cao qu ca cng dn. Cng dn phi lm ngh)a v qun s v tham gia xy dng quc phng ton dn . iu 10, Lut Bin gii quc gia cing xc nh:  Xy dng, qun l, bo v bin gii quc gia, khu vc bin gii l s nghip ca ton dn do Nh nc thng nht qun l . Thc hin ngh)a v, trch nhim xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia, mi cng dn Vit Nam phi: - Nhn thc r ngh)a v v trch nhim xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia. Mi cng dn nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam khng phn bit thnh phn x hi, dn tc, tn ngng tn gio, trnh  vn ho, ni c tr u c ngh)a v v trch nhim xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia. iu 11, Hin php nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam nm 2013 (sa i) nu r:  Mi m mu v hnh ng chng li c lp, ch quyn, thng nht v ton vn lnh th ca T quc, chng li s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a u b nghim tr . ng thi phi lun nng cao thc quc phng, an ninh, xy dng thc, thi  v trch nhim bo v T quc; c nhng hnh ng thit thc gp phn vo s nghip bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a; - Chp hnh nghim chnh Hin php, php lut ca Nh nc, trc ht thc hin nghim v y  Lut Quc phng, Lut Ngh)a v qun s, Lut Bin gii quc gia ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam; - Tuyt i trung thnh vi T quc, lm trn ngh)a v qun s, thc hin nghim chnh cc nhim v qun s, quc phng, sn sng nhn v hon thnh mi nhim v c giao.  Cng dn phi trung thnh vi T quc, lm ngh)a v qun s, c gio dc v quc phng v hun luyn v qun s; tham gia dn qun t v, phng th dn s; chp hnh nghim chnh cc bin php ca Nh nc v ngi c thm quyn khi t nc c tnh trng chin tranh hoc tnh trng khn cp v quc phng . Trch nhim ca ngi hc trong vic bo v ch quyn lnh th,bin o v bin gii quc gia - Khng ngng hc tp, nng cao trnh  nhn thc v mi mt, hiu bit su sc v truyn thng dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc, truyn thng u tranh cch mng ca nhn dn ta di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam; t  xy dng, cng c lng yu nc, lng t ho, t tn dn tc, ch t ch, t lp, t cng, nng cao thc bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a; - Nhn thc r ngh)a thing ling, cao qu v bt kh xm phm v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam; xc nh r vinh d v trch nhim ca sinh vin trong nhim v bo v T quc, xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam; - Thc hin tt nhng quy nh v chng trnh gio dc, bi dng kin thc quc phng v an ninh i vi sinh vin cc trng cao ng, hon thnh tt cc nhim v qun s, quc phng trong thi gian hc tp ti trng; - Sn sng tham gia cc nhim v quc phng, an ninh khi Nh nc v ngi c thm quyn huy ng, ng vin. Sau khi tt nghip, sn sng t nguyn, t gic tham gia Qun i nhn dn, Cng an nhn dn khi Nh nc yu cu. Tch cc, t gic, tnh nguyn tham gia xy dng v phc v lu di ti cc khu kinh t - quc phng, gp phn xy dng khu vc bin gii, hi o vng mnh, pht trin kinh t, x hi, bo v vng chc c lp ch quyn, ton vn lnh th ca T quc, thc hin nghim chnh Lut Bin gii quc gia ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam. Ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l kt qu u tranh dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc sut chiu di hng ngn nm lch s, l quyn thing ling, bt kh xm phm ca dn tc Vit Nam. Xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l mt ni dung c bit quan trng ca nhim v xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia l s nghip ca ton dn, di s lnh o ca ng, s qun l thng nht ca Nh nc, lc lng vi trang l nng ct. Mi cng dn Vit Nam u c ngh)a v, trch nhim xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia. Hc sinh ang hc ti cc trng trung hc chuyn nghip cn nhn thc su sc ngh)a, tm quan trng ca ch quyn lnh th, bin gii quc gia i vi s ton vn, thng nht lnh th; quan im, ch trng, chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc i vi vic xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia. Trn c s , nng cao thc bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a, thc trch nhim cng dn, hc tp tt, thc hin tt cc nhim v qun s, quc phng, sn sng nhn v hon thnh mi nhim v bo v T quc, bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia khi c giao. CU HI N TP 1. Ch quyn lnh th quc gia l g? Ni dung xy dng v bo v ch quyn quc gia nh th no? 2. Bin gii quc gia l g? Ni dung xy dng v bo v bin gii quc gia nh th no? 3. Trnh by Quan im ca ng, Nh nc v xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia? 4. Trnh by gii php c bn ca ng, Nh nc v xy dng v bo v ch quyn lnh th, bin o v bin gii quc gia? BI 5: MT S VN  C BN V DN TC V TN GIO 1. Mt s vn  c bn v dn tc 1.1. Mt s vn  chung v dn tc 1.1.1.Khi nim Dn tc l cng ng ngi n nh, hnh thnh trong lch s, to lp mt quc gia, trn c s cng ng bn vng v: lnh th quc gia, kinh t, ngn ng, truyn thng, vn ho, c im tm l, thc v dn tc v tn gi ca dn tc. Khi nim c hiu: - Cc thnh vin cng dn tc s dng mt ngn ng chung (ting m )  giao tip ni b dn tc. Cc thnh vin cng chung nhng c im sinh hot vn ho vt cht, vn ho tinh thn, to nn bn sc vn ho dn tc, nh: Dn tc Kinh, dn tc Mng, dn tc Thi... - Dn tc c hiu theo ngh)a cng ng quc gia dn tc, l mt cng ng chnh tr - x hi, c ch o bi mt nh nc, thit lp trn mt lnh th chung, nh: Dn tc Vit Nam, dn tc Trung Hoa& 1.1.2. Tnh hnh quan h dn tc trn th gii, quan im ch ngh)a Mc Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh v dn tc, gii quyt vn  dn tc - Tnh hnh quan h dn tc trn th gii Hin nay, trc s tc ng ca cch mng khoa hc cng ngh, xu th ton cu ho kinh t din ra mnh m, lm cho quan h giai cp, dn tc din bin phc tp, kh lng. Nh ng ta  nhn nh: trn th gii, ho bnh, hp tc v pht trin vn l xu th ln trong quan h gia cc dn tc. Ton cu ho v cc vn  ton cu lm cho s hiu bit ln nhau v s ph thuc ln nhau gia cc dn tc tng ln, thc y xu th khu vc ho. ng thi cc dn tc  cao thc c lp, t ch, t lc t cng, chng can thip p t v cng quyn. Mt khc, quan h dn tc, sc tc hin nay trn th gii vn din ra rt phc tp, nng bng  c phm vi quc gia, khu vc v quc t. Mu thun, xung t dn tc, sc tc, xu hng li khai, chia r dn tc ang din ra  khp cc quc gia, cc khu vc, cc chu lc trn th gii... ng nh ng ta nhn nh :  Nhng cuc chin tranh cc b, xung t vi trang, xung t dn tc, tn gio, chy ua vi trang, hot ng can thip, lt , li khai, hot ng khng b, nhng tranh chp bin gii, lnh th, bin o v cc ti nguyn thin nhin tip tc din ra  nhiu ni vi tnh cht ngy cng phc tp . Vn  quan h dn tc, sc tc  gy nn nhng hu qu nng n v kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho, x hi, mi trng cho cc quc gia, e do ho bnh, an ninh khu vc v th gii. - Quan im ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh v dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc Quan im ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin v dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc: + Vn  dn tc l nhng ni dung ny sinh trong quan h gia cc dn tc din ra trn mi l)nh vc i sng x hi tc ng xu n mi dn tc v quan h gia cc dn tc, cc quc gia dn tc vi nhau cn phi gii quyt. Thc cht ca vn  dn tc l s va chm, mu thun li ch gia cc dn tc trong quc gia a dn tc v gia cc quc gia dn tc vi nhau trong quan h quc t din ra trn mi l)nh vc i sng x hi. + Vn  dn tc cn tn ti lu di. Bi do dn s v trnh  pht trin kinh t - x hi gia cc dn tc khng u nhau; do s khc bit v li ch; do s khc bit v ngn ng, vn ho, tm l; do tn d t tng dn tc ln, dn tc hp hi, t ti dn tc; do thiu st, hn ch trong hoch nh, thc thi chnh sch kinh t - x hi ca nh nc cm quyn; do s thng tr, kch ng chia r ca cc th lc phn ng i vi cc dn tc. Vn  dn tc l vn  chin lc ca cch mng x hi ch ngh)a. Vn  dn tc gn kt cht ch vi vn  giai cp. Gii quyt vn  dn tc va l mc tiu va l ng lc ca cch mng x hi ch ngh)a. - Gii quyt vn  dn tc theo quan im ca V.I.Lnin  l cc dn tc hon ton bnh ng, cc dn tc c quyn t quyt, lin hip giai cp cng nhn tt c cc dn tc. + Cc dn tc hon ton bnh ng l cc dn tc khng phn bit ln, nh, trnh  pht trin cao hay thp, u c quyn li v ngh)a v ngang nhau trn mi l)nh vc trong quan h gia cc dn tc trong quc gia a dn tc, v gia cc quc gia dn tc vi nhau trong quan h quc t; xo b mi hnh thc p bc, bc lt dn tc. Quyn bnh ng dn tc phi c php lut ho v thc hin trn thc t. y l quyn thing ling, l c s  thc hin quyn dn tc t quyt, xy dng quan h hu ngh hp tc gia cc dn tc; + Cc dn tc c quyn t quyt, l quyn lm ch vn mnh ca mi dn tc: quyn t quyt nh ch  chnh tr, con ng pht trin ca dn tc mnh, bao gm c quyn t do phn lp thnh quc gia ring v quyn t nguyn lin hip vi cc dn tc khc trn c s bnh ng, t nguyn, ph hp vi li ch chnh ng ca cc dn tc. Kin quyt u tranh chng vic li dng quyn t quyt  can thip, chia r, ph hoi khi i on kt dn tc; + Lin hip cng nhn tt c cc dn tc l s on kt cng nhn cc dn tc trong phm vi quc gia v quc t, v c s on kt quc t ca cc dn tc, cc lc lng cch mng di s lnh o ca giai cp cng nhn  gii quyt tt vn  dn tc, giai cp, quc t. y l ni dung va phn nh bn cht quc t ca giai cp cng nhn, va phn nh s thng nht gia s nghip gii phng dn tc v gii phng giai cp, m bo cho phong tro dn tc c  sc mnh v kh nng  ginh thng li. -T tng H Ch Minh v vn  dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc Trung thnh vi quan im ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin, bm st thc tin cch mng, c im cc dn tc  Vit Nam, Ch tch H Ch Minh  c quan im dn tc ng n, gp phn cng ton ng, lnh o nhn dn ta gii phng dn tc; xy dng, cng c khi i on kt dn tc v on kt quc t ca dn tc Vit Nam. T tng v dn tc v gii quyt vn  dn tc ca H Ch Minh v ni dung ton din, phong ph, su sc, khoa hc v cch mng;  l nhng lun im c bn ch o, lnh o nhn dn ta thc hin thng li s nghip gii phng dn tc, bo v c lp dn tc; xy dng quan h tt p gia cc dn tc trong i gia nh cc dn tc Vit Nam v gia dn tc Vit Nam vi cc quc gia dn tc trn th gii. + Khi T quc b thc dn Php xm lc,  h, H Ch Minh  tm ra con ng cu nc, cng ng Cng sn Vit Nam t chc, lnh o nhn dn u tranh gii phng dn tc, lp nn nc Vit Nam dn ch cng ho; + Khi T quc c c lp, t do, Ngi  cng ton ng lnh o nhn dn xy dng mi quan h mi, tt p gia cc dn tc: bnh ng, on kt, tn trng v gip  nhau cng pht trin i ln con ng m no, hnh phc. Ngi rt quan tm chm sc nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn ca ng bo cc dn tc thiu s. Khc phc tn d t tng phn bit, k th dn tc, t tng dn tc ln, dn tc hp hi. Ngi quan tm xy dng i ngi cn b lm cng tc dn tc. Ln n, vch trn mi m mu th on li dng vn  dn tc  chia r, ph hoi khi i on kt ca dn tc Vit Nam. 1.2. c im cc dn tc  Vit Nam Vit Nam l mt quc gia dn tc thng nht gm 54 dn tc cng sinh sng. Cc dn tc  Vit Nam c c trng sau: 1.2.1. Cc dn tc  Vit Nam c truyn thng on kt gn b xy dng quc gia dn tc thng nht. y l c im ni bt trong quan h gia cc dn tc  Vit Nam. Trong lch s dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc ta, do yu cu khch quan ca cng cuc u tranh chng thin tai, ch ha dn tc ta  phi sm on kt thng nht. Cc dn tc  Vit Nam u c chung ci ngun, chu nh hng chung ca iu kin t nhin, x hi, chung vn mnh dn tc, chung li ch c bn - quyn c tn ti, pht trin. on kt thng nht  tr thnh gi tr tinh thn truyn thng qu bu ca dn tc, l sc mnh  dn tc ta tip tc xy dng v pht trin t nc. 1.2.2. Cc dn tc thiu s  Vit Nam c tr phn tn v xen k trn a bn rng ln, ch yu l min ni, bin gii, hi o. Khng c dn tc thiu s no c tr duy nht trn mt a bn m khng xen k vi mt vi dn tc khc. Nhiu tnh min ni cc dn tc thiu s chim a s dn s nh: Cao Bng, Lng Sn, Tuyn Quang, Lo Cai, Sn La, Lai Chu... 1.2.3. Cc dn tc  nc ta c quy m dn s v trnh  pht trin khng u Theo s liu ca Tng cc Thng k, tng s dn ca Vit Nam vo thi im 0 gi ngy 01/4/2019 l 96.208.984 ngi. Trong , dn s nam l 47.881.061 ngi, chim 49,8%, dn s n l 48.327.923 ngi, chim 50,2%. Trong tng s 54 dn tc ti Vit Nam, s ngi l dn tc Kinh chim a s (85,3%) vi quy m 82,1 triu ngi. Trong 53 dn tc thiu s, 6 dn tc c dn s trn 1 triu ngi l: Ty, Thi, Mng, Mng, Khmer, Nng (trong  dn tc Ty l dn tc ng dn nht vi 1,85 triu ngi); 11 dn tc c dn s di 5000 ngi, trong   u l dn tc c dn s thp nht (428 ngi). a bn sinh sng ch yu ca nhm dn tc khc l vng Trung du v min ni pha Bc v Ty Nguyn. Ti Trung du v min ni pha Bc, nhm dn tc khc chim t l ln trong tng dn s ca vng, chim 56,2%; t l nhm dn tc khc  Ty Nguyn l 37,7%. n thi im Tng iu tra nm 2019, c 16 tn gio c php hot ng trn lnh th Vit Nam. Tng s c 13,2 triu ngi theo tn gio, chim 13,7% tng dn s c nc. Trong , s ngi theo  Cng gio l ng nht vi 5,9 triu ngi, chim 44,6% tng s ngi theo tn gio v chim 6,1% tng dn s c nc. Xp th hai l s ngi theo  Pht gio vi 4,6 triu ngi, chim 35,0% nhng ngi theo tn gio v chim 4,8% dn s c nc. Cc tn gio cn li chim t trng nh. Trnh  pht trin kinh t - x hi gia cc dn tc khng u nhau. C dn tc  t trnh  pht trin cao, i sng  tng i kh nh dn tc Kinh, Hoa, Ty, Mng, Thi..., nhng cing c dn tc i sng cn nhiu kh khn nh mt s dn tc  Ty Bc, Trng Sn, Ty Nguyn... 1.2.4. Mi dn tc  Vit Nam u c sc thi vn ho ring, gp phn lm nn s a dng, phong ph, thng nht ca vn ho Vit Nam. Cc dn tc u c sc thi vn ho v nh ca, n mc, ngn ng, phong tc tp qun, tn ngng, tn gio v thc dn tc ring, gp phn to nn s a dng, phong ph ca vn ho Vit Nam. ng thi cc dn tc cing c im chung thng nht v vn ho, ngn ng, phong tc tp qun, tn ngng, tn gio, thc quc gia dn tc. S thng nht trong a dng l c trng ca vn ho cc dn tc  Vit Nam. 2. Mt s vn  c bn v tn gio 2.1. Mt s vn  chung v tn gio 2.1.1. Khi nim Tn gio l mt hnh thi thc x hi, phn nh hin thc khch quan, theo quan nim hoang ng, o tng ph hp vi tm l, hnh vi ca con ngi. Trong i sng x hi, tn gio l mt cng ng x hi, vi cc yu t: H thng gio l tn gio, nghi l tn gio, t chc tn gio vi i ngi gio s) v tn , c s vt cht phc v cho hot ng tn gio. - Phn bit tn gio vi m tn d oan. M tn d oan l nhng hin tng ( thc, hnh vi) cung vng ca con ngi n mc m mui, tri vi l phi v hnh vi o c, vn ho cng ng, gy hu qu tiu cc trc tip n i sng vt cht tinh thn ca c nhn, cng ng x hi. y l mt hin tng x hi tiu cc, phi kin quyt bi tr, nhm lnh mnh ho i sng tinh thn x hi. 2.1.2. Ngun gc ca tn gio Cc yu t kinh t - x hi, nhn thc v tm l l ngun gc quy nh s ra i, tn ti, bin i ca tn gio. - Ngun gc kinh t - x hi: Trong x hi nguyn thu, do trnh  lc lng sn xut thp km, con ngi cm thy yu ui, l thuc v bt lc trc t nhin. V vy h  gn cho t nhin nhng lc lng siu t nhin c sc mnh, quyn lc to ln, quyt nh n cuc sng ca h, v h phi tn th. Khi x hi c giai cp i khng, nn p bc, bc lt, bt cng ca giai cp thng tr i vi nhn dn lao ng l ngun gc ny sinh tn gio. V.I.Lnin  vit: "S bt lc ca giai cp b bc lt trong cuc u tranh chng bn bc lt tt nhin  ra lng tin vo mt cuc i tt p hn  th gii bn kia& ". Hin nay, con ngi vn cha hon ton lm ch t nhin v x hi; cc cuc xung t giai cp, dn tc, tn gio, thin tai, bnh tt, ... vn cn din ra, nn vn cn ngun gc  tn gio tn ti. - Ngun gc nhn thc ca tn gio: Tn gio bt ngun t s nhn thc hn hp, m h v t nhin, x hi c lin quan n i sng, s phn ca con ngi. Con ngi  gn cho n nhng sc mnh siu nhin, to ra cc biu tng tn gio. Mt khc, trong qu trnh bin chng ca nhn thc, con ngi ny sinh nhng yu t suy din, tng tng xa l vi hin thc khch quan, hnh thnh nn cc biu tng tn gio. - Ngun gc tm l ca tn gio: Tnh cm, cm xc, tm trng lo u, s hi, bun chn, tuyt vng  dn con ngi n s khut phc, khng lm ch c bn thn l c s tm l  hnh thnh tn gio. Di ch ngh)a t bn, V.I.Lnin nhn mnh:  S s hi trc th lc m qung ca ch ngh)a t bn& s ph sn  t ngt ,  bt ng ,  ngu nhin lm cho h phi dit vong, bin h thnh ngi n xin& ,  chnh l ngun gc su xa ca tn gio hin i&  . Mt khc, lng bit n, s tn knh i vi nhng ngi c cng khai ph t nhin v chng li cc th lc p bc trong tnh cm, tm l con ngi cing l c s  tn gio ny sinh. 2.1.3. Tnh cht ca tn gio Cing nh cc hnh thi thc x hi khc, tn gio c tnh lch s, tnh qun chng, tnh chnh tr. - Tnh lch s ca tn gio: Tn gio ra i, tn ti v bin i phn nh v ph thuc vo s vn ng, pht trin ca tn ti x hi. Tn gio cn tn ti rt lu di, nhng s mt i khi con ngi lm ch hon ton t nhin, x hi v t duy. - Tnh qun chng ca tn gio: Tn gio phn nh kht vng ca qun chng b p bc v mt x hi t do, bnh ng, bc i (d  l h o). Tn gio  tr thnh nhu cu tinh thn, c tin, li sng ca mt b phn dn c. Hin nay, mt b phn khng nh qun chng nhn dn tin theo cc tn gio. - Tnh chnh tr ca tn gio: Xut hin khi x hi  phn chia giai cp. Giai cp thng tr li dng tn gio lm cng c h tr  thng tr p bc bc lt v m hoc qun chng. Nhng cuc chin tranh tn gio  v ang xy ra, thc cht vn l xut pht t li ch ca nhng lc lng x hi khc nhau li dng tn gio  thc hin mc tiu chnh tr ca mnh. 2.1.4. Tnh hnh tn gio trn th gii v quan im ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin v gii quyt vn  tn gio trong cch mng x hi ch ngh)a - Tnh hnh tn gio trn th gii Theo T in Bch khoa Tn gio th gii, hin nay trn th gii c ti 20.000 tn gio khc nhau, trong  khong 2000 tn gio c hn 1 triu tn . Nhng tn gio ln trn th gii hin nay gm c: Kit gio (bao gm Cng gio, Tin Lnh, Anh gio hay Chnh thng gio) c khong 2 t tn , chim 33% dn s th gii; Hi gio: 1,2 t tn , chim 22% dn s th gii; n  gio: 786 triu tn , chim 15% dn s th gii v Pht gio: 362 triu, chim 6% dn s th gii, cc tn gio mi 102 triu. Nh vy, ch tnh cc tn gio ln  c 4,4 t ngi tin theo, chim 75% dn s th gii. Trong nhng nm gn y hot ng ca cc tn gio kh si ng, din ra theo nhiu xu hng. Cc tn gio u c xu hng m rng nh hng ra ton cu; cc tn gio cing c xu hng dn tc ho, bnh dn ho, mm ho cc gii lut l nghi  thch nghi, tn ti, pht trin trong tng quc gia dn tc; cc tn gio cing tng cc hot ng giao lu, thc hin thm cc chc nng phi tn gio theo hng th tc ho, tch cc tham gia cc hot ng x hi  m rng nh hng lm cho sinh hot tn gio a dng, si ng v khng km phn phc tp. - Quan im ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin v gii quyt vn  tn gio trong cch mng x hi ch ngh)a Gii quyt vn  tn gio l mt qu trnh lu di gn vi qu trnh pht trin ca cch mng x hi ch ngh)a trn tt c cc l)nh vc kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho, gio dc, khoa hc cng ngh nhm nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn ca nhn dn.  gii quyt tt vn  tn gio, cn thc hin cc vn  c tnh nguyn tc sau: + Gii quyt vn  tn gio phi gn lin vi qu trnh ci to x hi ci, xy dng x hi mi x hi x hi ch ngh)a. Ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin khng nh, ch c th gii phng qun chng khi nh hng tiu cc ca tn gio bng cch tng bc gii quyt ngun gc t nhin, ngun gc x hi ca tn gio.  phi l kt qu ca s nghip ci to x hi ci, xy dng x hi mi mt cch ton din. Theo , gii quyt vn  tn gio phi s dng tng hp cc gii php trn tt c cc l)nh vc nhm xc lp c mt th gii hin thc khng c p bc, bt cng, ngho i, dt nt. Tuyt i khng c s dng mnh lnh hnh chnh cng ch  tuyn chin, xo b tn gio. + Tn trng v bo m quyn t do tn ngng v khng tn ngng ca cng dn, kin quyt bi tr m tn d oan. Trong ch ngh)a x hi, tn gio cn l nhu cu tinh thn ca mt b phn nhn dn, cn tn ti lu di. Bi vy, phi tn trng quyn t do tn ngng tn gio v quyn t do khng tn ngng tn gio ca cng dn. Ni dung c bn ca quyn t do tn ngng l: Bt k ai cing c t do theo tn gio m mnh la chn, t do khng theo tn gio, t do chuyn o hoc b o. Nh nc x hi ch ngh)a bo m cho mi cng dn, khng phn bit tn ngng tn gio u c bnh ng trc php lut. Cc t chc tn gio hp php hot ng theo php lut v c php lut bo h. Mi t chc v c nhn u phi tn trng quyn t do tn ngng tn gio v quyn t do khng tn ngng tn gio ca cng dn. Tn trng gn lin vi khng ngng to iu kin cho qun chng tin b mi mt, bi tr m tn d oan, bo m cho tn , chc sc tn gio hot ng theo ng php lut. + Qun trit quan im lch s c th khi gii quyt vn  tn gio. Tn gio c tnh lch s, nn vai tr, nh hng ca tng tn gio i vi i sng x hi cing thay i theo s bin i ca tn ti x hi. Bi vy, khi xem xt, nh gi, gii quyt nhng vn  lin quan n tn gio cn phi qun trit quan im lch s, c th, trnh gio iu, my mc, rp khun cng nhc. Nhng hot ng tn gio ng php lut c tn trng, hot ng ch nc li dn c khuyn khch, hot ng tri php lut, i ngc li li ch dn tc b x l theo php lut. + Phn bit r mi quan h gia hai mt chnh tr v t tng trong gii quyt vn  tn gio. Trong x hi, sinh hot tn gio tn ti hai loi mu thun: Mu thun i khng v li ch kinh t, chnh tr gia cc giai cp bc lt v th lc li dng tn gio chng li cch mng vi li ch ca nhn dn lao ng,  l mt chnh tr ca tn gio. Mu thun khng i khng gia nhng ngi c tn ngng khc nhau hoc gia ngi c tn ngng v khng c tn ngng,  l mt t tng ca tn gio. Cho nn, mt mt phi tn trng quyn t do tn ngng ca nhn dn, mt khc phi kin quyt u tranh loi b mt chnh tr phn ng ca cc th lc li dng tn gio. Vic phn bit r hai mt chnh tr v t tng trong gii quyt vn  tn gio nhm: Xy dng khi i on kt ton dn tc, on kt qun chng nhn dn, khng phn bit tn ngng tn gio; Pht huy tinh thn yu nc ca nhng chc sc tin b trong cc tn gio; Kin quyt vch trn v x l kp thi theo php lut nhng phn t li dng tn gio  hot ng chng ph cch mng. 2.2. Tnh hnh tn gio  Vit Nam Vit Nam l quc gia c nhiu tn gio v nhiu ngi tin theo cc tn gio. Hin nay, Nh nc ta cng nhn t cch php nhn ca 13 tn gio, cc tn gio ln nh: Pht gio khong 10 triu tn , Cng gio khong 6,1 triu, Tin Lnh khong 1,5 triu, Cao i 2,4 triu, Ho Ho 1,2 triu, Hi gio khong 100 ngn. Tng cng s tn  ln ti hn 25 triu ngi, chim hn dn s c nc. C ngi cng lc tham gia nhiu hnh vi tn ngng, tn gio khc nhau. Trong nhng nm gn y cc tn gio y mnh hot ng nhm pht trin t chc, pht huy nh hng trong i sng tinh thn x hi. Cc gio hi u tng cng hot ng m rng nh hng, thu ht tn ; tng cng quan h vi cc t chc tn gio th gii. Cc c s tn gio c tu b, xy dng mi khang trang p ; cc l hi tn gio din ra si ng  nhiu ni. Tuy nhin tnh hnh tn gio cn c nhng din bin phc tp, tim n nhng nhn t gy mt n nh. Vn cn c chc sc, tn  mang t tng chng i, cc oan, qu khch gy tn hi n li ch dn tc; vn cn cc hot ng tn gio xen ln vi m tn d oan, cn cc hin tng t gio hot ng lm mt trt t an ton x hi. Cc th lc th ch vn lun li dng vn  tn gio  chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. Chng gn vn   dn ch ,  nhn quyn vi ci gi l  t do tn gio  chia r tn gio, dn tc; ti tr, xi gic cc phn t xu trong cc tn gio truyn o tri php, li ko cc tn gio vo nhng hot ng tri php lut, gy mt n nh chnh tr. 3. Quan im chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc ta v vn  dn tc v tn gio  Vit Nam 3.1. Quan im, chnh sch v dn tc ca ng, Nh nc Trong cc giai on cch mng, ng ta lun c quan im nht qun:  Thc hin chnh sch bnh ng, on kt, tng tr gia cc dn tc, to mi iu kin  cc dn tc pht trin i ln con ng vn minh, tin b, gn b mt thit vi s pht trin chung ca cng ng cc dn tc Vit Nam". Cng tc dn tc  nc ta hin nay, ng, Nh nc ta khi qut trn my vn  chnh sau: - Vn  dn tc v on kt dn tc l vn  chin lc c bn, lu di, ng thi cing l vn  cp bch hin nay ca cch mng Vit Nam. Cc dn tc trong i gia nh Vit Nam bnh ng, on kt, tng tr, gip  nhau cng pht trin, cng nhau phn u thc hin thng li s nghip cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc, xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. - Xa i, gim ngho, nng cao mc sng ca ng bo dn tc thiu s, trng tm l ng bo  vng cao, vng su, vng xa. Trong nhng nm qua tp trung tr gip ng bo ngho, cc dn tc thi u s c bit kh khn, gii quyt kp thi nhng vn  bc xc, nh tnh trng thiu lng thc, thiu nc sinh hot, nh  tm b, khng  t liu sn xut, dng c sinh hot ti thiu; xy dng kt cu h tng khu vc bin gii, vng su, vng xa, vng c bit kh khn. Gii quyt c bn tnh trng thiu t sn xut, t  v vn  tranh chp t ai  vng ng bo dn tc thiu s, nht l  Ty Nguyn, Ty Bc v vng ng bo dn tc Khmer  Ty Nam B. Xy dng v thc hin chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi vng bin gii. Tt c cng vic ny u c xy dng trn nguyn tc on kt dn tc. - Cng c v nng cao cht lng h thng chnh tr c s  cc vng dn tc thiu s. Do lch s  li, hin nay gia cc dn tc  nc ta vn cn tnh trng pht trin khng u. Tng tr gip  ln nhau cng pht trin l mt tt yu khch quan trong mt quc gia a dn tc. ng v Nh nc ta coi trng tng tr gip  nhau cng pht trin gia cc dn tc l mt nguyn tc c bn trong chnh sch dn tc trong thi k xy dng ch ngh)a x hi v bo v T quc. Kin ton, nng cao cht lng i ngi cn b c s; kin quyt khc phc tnh trng quan liu, xa dn ca mt s cn b; thc hin tt cng tc quy hoch, o to, bi dng, s dng, i ng, lun chuyn cn b. y mnh pht trin ng vin trong ng bo dn tc thiu s. Xy dng th trn quc phng ton dn v th trn an ninh nhn dn, pht huy sc mnh ti ch  sn sng p tan mi m mu ph hoi ca cc th lc th ch; tng cng cng tc bo m an ninh chnh tr v trt t an ton x hi, khng  xy ra nhng  im nng v an ninh, trt t x hi  vng dn tc v min ni. Tip tc xy dng, pht trin nhanh cc khu kinh t kt hp quc phng  vng su, vng xa, bin gii. - i mi ni dung, phng thc cng tc dn tc ph hp vi yu cu, nhim v trong tnh hnh mi. Thc hin tt dn ch  c s, to iu kin  nhn dn tch cc, ch ng tham gia xy dng, thc hin v gim st vic thc hin cc chnh sch, chng trnh, k hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi, an ninh, quc phng  a phng. Thng qua cc chnh sch, bin php c th, ng vin ng bo cc dn tc pht huy ni lc, ch t lc t cng, tinh thn vn ln trong s nghip pht trin kinh t - x hi, xa i, gim ngho, xy dng cuc sng ngy cng m no, hnh phc. 3.2. Quan im, chnh sch v tn gio ca ng v Nh nc Trung thnh vi ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh v vn  tn gio v gii quyt vn  tn gio. Trong cng cuc i mi hin nay, ng ta khng nh: Tn gio cn tn ti lu di, cn l nhu cu tinh thn ca mt b phn nhn dn; tn gio c nhng gi tr vn ho, o c tch cc ph hp vi x hi mi; ng bo tn gio l mt b phn quan trng ca khi i on kt ton dn tc. Cng tc tn gio va quan tm gii quyt hp l nhu cu tn ngng ca qun chng, va kp thi u tranh chng ch li dng tn gio chng ph cch mng. Ni dung ct li ca cng tc tn gio l cng tc vn ng qun chng sng  tt i, p o , gp phn xy dng v bo v T quc theo Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a. Lm tt cng tc tn gio l trch nhim ca ton b h thng chnh tr do ng lnh o. V chnh sch tn gio, ng ta khng nh:  ng bo cc tn gio l b phn quan trng ca khi i on kt dn tc. Thc hin nht qun chnh sch tn trng v bo m quyn t do tn ngng, theo hoc khng theo tn gio ca cng dn, quyn sinh hot tn gio bnh thng theo php lut. on kt ng bo theo cc tn gio khc nhau, ng bo theo tn gio v khng theo tn gio. Pht huy nhng gi tr vn ho, o c tt p ca cc tn gio. ng vin, gip  ng bo theo o v cc chc sc tn gio sng  tt i, p o . Cc t chc tn gio hp php hot ng theo php lut v c php lut bo h. Thc hin tt cc chng trnh pht trin kinh t - x hi, nng cao i sng vt cht, vn ho ca ng bo cc tn gio. Tng cng cng tc o to, bi dng cn b lm cng tc tn gio. u tranh ngn chn cc hot ng m tn d oan, cc hnh vi li dng tn ngng, tn gio lm phng hi n li ch chung ca t nc, vi phm quyn t do tn gio ca nhn dn". 3.3. Mt s gii php nng cao nhn thc xy dng khi i on kt ton dn tc  v hiu ho s li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio  Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch th gii php chung c bn nht l thc hin tt chnh sch pht trin kinh t - x hi, m trc tip l chnh sch dn tc, tn gio, nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn ca nhn dn cc dn tc, cc tn gio, cng c xy dng khi i on kt ton dn tc, thc hin thng li cng cuc i mi, theo mc tiu dn giu, nc mnh, x hi cng bng, dn ch, vn minh. Hin nay, cn tp trung vo nhng gii php c bn, c th sau: - Ra sc tuyn truyn, qun trit quan im, chnh sch dn tc, tn gio ca ng, Nh nc; v m mu, th on li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch cho ton dn y l gii php u tin, rt quan trng. Ch trn c s nng cao nhn thc, t tng ca c h thng chnh tr, ca ton dn m trc tip l ca ng bo cc dn tc, tn gio v cc ni dung trn, th chng ta mi thc hin tt chnh sch dn tc, tn gio, v hiu ho c s li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio ca cc th lc th ch. Ni dung tuyn truyn gio dc phi mang tnh ton din, tng hp. Hin nay cn tp trung vo ph bin su rng cc ch trng chnh sch pht trin kinh t - x hi vng dn tc, tn gio, chnh sch dn tc, tn gio cho ng bo cc dn tc, cc tn gio. Ph bin php lut v gio dc thc chp hnh php lut ca nh nc, khi dy lng t tn t ho dn tc, truyn thng on kt gia cc dn tc, tn gio trong s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc. Thng xuyn tuyn truyn, gio dc  ng bo hiu r m mu th on chia r dn tc, tn gio, lng gio ca cc th lc th ch,  ng bo  cao cnh gic khng b chng la gt li ko li dng. Vn ng ng bo cc dn tc, tn gio o thc hin y  ngh)a v cng dn, thc hin ng chnh sch, php lut v dn tc, tn gio. - Tng cng xy dng cng c khi i on kt ton dn tc, gi vng n nh chnh tr- x hi y l mt trong nhng gii php quan trng nhm nng cao ni lc, to nn sc  khng trc mi m mu th on nham him ca k th. Cn tun th nhng vn  c tnh nguyn tc trong xy dng khi i on kt dn tc theo t tng H Ch Minh: Xy dng khi i on kt ton dn phi da trn nn tng khi lin minh cng - nng - tr thc di s lnh o ca ng. Thc hin i on kt phi rng ri, lu di. M rng, da dng ho cc hnh thc tp hp nhn dn, nng cao vai tr ca Mt trn v cc on th nhn dn. Kin quyt u tranh loi tr nguy c ph hoi khi i on kt dn tc. Ring i vi vn  dn tc, tn gio, trc tin cn phi thc hin tt chnh sch dn tc, tn gio. Thc hin bnh ng, on kt, tn trng, gip  nhau gia cc dn tc, cc tn gio. Chng k th chia r dn tc, tn gio, chng t tng dn tc ln, dn tc hp hi, dn tc cc oan, t ti mc cm dn tc, tn gio. Ch ng gi vng an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi  cc vng dn tc, tn gio, bo v ch quyn an ninh quc gia. y l tin  quan trng  v hiu ho s chng ph ca k th. - Chm lo nng cao i sng vt cht tinh thn ca ng bo cc dn tc, cc tn gio. y cing l mt trong nhng gii php quan trng, xt n cng c ngh)a nn tng  v hiu ho s li dng ca k th Khi i sng vt cht, tinh thn c nng cao, ng bo s on kt, tin tng vo ng, Nh nc, thc hin tt quyn li, ngh)a v cng dn th khng k th no c th li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio  chng ph cch mng Vit Nam. Bi vy, phi y nhanh tin  v hiu qu cc chng trnh, d n u tin pht trin kinh t - x hi min ni vng dn tc, vng tn gio to mi iu kin gip  ng bo cc dn tc, cc tn gio nhanh chng xo i gim ngho nng cao dn tr, sc kho, bo v bn sc vn ho cc dn tc. Khc phc s chnh lch v pht trin kinh t - x hi gia cc dn tc, cc tn gio; s k th, chia r dn tc, tn gio. Thc hin bnh ng on kt cc dn tc cc tn gio phi bng cc nhng hnh ng thit thc c th nh: u tin u t sc lc tin ca gip ng bo pht trin sn xut. - Pht huy vai tr ca c h thng chnh tr; ca nhng ngi c uy tn trong cc dn tc, tn gio tham gia vo phng chng s li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio chng ph cch mng Vit Nam ca cc th lc th ch Tch cc xy dng h thng chnh tr  c s vng dn tc, vng tn gio. Thc hin chnh sch u tin trong o to, bi dng, s dng i ngi cn b c cn b lnh o qun l v cn b chuyn mn k) thut, gio vin l ngi dn tc thiu s, ngi c tn gio Bi y l i ngi cn b s ti c rt nhiu li th trong thc hin chnh sch dn tc, tn gio. i mi cng tc dn vn vng dn tc, tn gio theo phng chm: chn thnh, tch cc, thn trng, kin tr, vng chc; s dng nhiu phng php ph hp vi c th tng dn tc, tng tn gio. - Ch ng u tranh trn mt trn t tng lm tht bi mi m mu th on li dng tn gio chng ph cch mng ca cc th lc th ch, kp thi gii quyt tt cc im nng Cn thng xuyn vch trn b mt phn ng ca k th  nhn dn nhn r v khng b la bp. ng thi, vn ng, bo v ng bo cc dn tc, tn gio  ng bo t vch mt bn xu cng nhng th on xo tr ca chng. Pht huy vai tr ca cc phng tin thng tin i chng trong cuc u tranh ny. Kp thi ch ng gii quyt tt cc im nng lin quan n vn  dn tc, tn gio. Ch ng, kp thi pht hin, dp tt mi m mu, hnh ng li dng vn  dn tc, tn gio kch ng li ko ng bo gy bo lon. Khi xut hin im nng, cn tm r nguyn nhn, bin php gii quyt kp thi, khng  lan rng, khng  k th ly c can thip; x l nghim minh theo php lut nhng k cm u, ngoan c chng ph cch mng. ng thi, kin tr thuyt phc vn ng nhng ngi nh d, c tin nghe theo k xu quay v vi cng ng ; i x khoan hng,  lng, bnh ng vi nhng ngi lm li  n nn hi ci, phc thin. CU HI N TP 1. Quan im ca ng, Nh nc v vn  dn tc? 2. Quan im ca ng, Nh nc v vn  tn gio? 3. Trnh by mt s gii php nng cao khi i on kt ton dn i vi ng bo dn tc, tn gio? BI 6: NHNG VN  C BN V PHNG CHNG TI PHM V T NN X HI 1. Nhng vn  c bn v phng chng ti phm 1.1. Khi nim ti phm v phng chng ti phm Ti phm l hnh vi nguy him cho x hi c quy nh trong B lut hnh s, do ngi c nng lc trch nhim hnh s hoc php nhn thng mi thc hin mt cch c hoc v , xm phm c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th T quc, xm phm ch  chnh tr, ch  kinh t, nn vn ha, quc phng, an ninh, trt t, an ton x hi, quyn, li ch hp php ca t chc, xm phm quyn con ngi, quyn, li ch hp php ca cng dn, xm phm nhng l)nh vc khc ca trt t php lut x hi ch ngh)a m theo quy nh ca B lut ny phi b x l hnh s. (B lut hnh s 2015, sa i b sung 2017) Phng nga ti phm l vic cc c quan ca Nh nc, cc t chc x hi v cng dn bng nhiu bin php nhm khc phc nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin ca tnh trng phm ti nhm ngn chn, hn ch v lm gim tng bc, tin ti loi tr ti phm ra khi i sng xhi. 1.2. Ni dung, nhim v hot ng phng chng ti phm 1.2.1. Nghin cu, xc nh r cc nguyn nhn, iu kin ca tnh trng phm ti  phng nga c hiu qu ti phm i hi cc c quan chc nng phi xc nh chnh xc nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm xy dng chin lc phng nga ph hp. Nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm hin nay bao gm: - S tc ng bi nhng mt tri ca nn kinh t th trng: Nn kinh t th trng, bn cnh nhng mt u im cing bc l nhiu mt tri tr thnh nhng nguyn nhn lm pht sinh ti phm: + Mt tri nn kinh t th trng hnh thnh li sng hng th xa hoa, tru; lm xung cp nhiu mt v vn ho, o c, li sng lm mt i truyn thng vn ho tt p ca dn tc; + Nn kinh t th trng y mnh tc  phn tng x hi, to ra s phn ho giu ngho su sc, mt b phn giu ln nhanh chng trong  c mt s ngi lm giu bt chnh t  dn n phm ti, mt khc khng t ngi khng c t liu sn xut phi ra thnh ph, th x lm thu kim sng b tc ng bi nhng hin tng tiu cc d dn n phm ti; - Tc ng trc tip, ton din ca nhng hin tng x hi tiu cc do ch  ci  li: + Hu qu ca ch  thc dn,  quc cng vi chin tranh ko di trong nhiu nm  ph hoi c s vt cht, hnh thnh li sng hng th, t tng tham lam, ch k, sa o tru lc trong mt b phn nhn dn; + Nhng tc ng tiu cc, tn d ca ch  x hi ci cn tn ti lu di tc ng vo i sng x hi lm ny sinh cc hin tng tiu cc trong  c ti phm. - S thm nhp nh hng ca ti phm, t nn x hi ca cc quc gia khc; - Nhng hn ch trong cc mt cng tc qun l nh nc v con ngi, vn ho, kinh doanh ...; - Nhng hn ch trong gio dc o c, li sng, nng cao trnh  vn ho ca ngi dn; - H thng php lut cha hon thin, vic thc thi php lut c lc cn km hiu qu, mt s chnh sch v kinh t, x hi chm i mi to s h cho ti phm hot ng pht trin. S chm i mi ch trng chnh sch v kinh t x hi v php lut  bc l nhng s h khin cho mt s i tng li dng  hot ng phm ti; - Cng tc u tranh chng ti phm ca cc c quan chc nng ni chung v ca ngnh cng an ni ring, c lc cn bc l nhiu yu km, thiu st; th hin trn cc mt: + Trnh  nghip v, php lut ca mt b phn cn b cha p ng yu cu thc tin dn n hu khuynh n trnh, thm ch c mt s cn b bin cht, tip tay cho ti phm, bung lng cng tc u tranh trn p ti phm; + Mi quan h gia cc c quan bo v php lut cha thc s ng b, thiu thng nht trong qu trnh iu tra, truy t, xt x ti phm, gio dc, ci to phm nhn. Hot ng trao i thng tin gia cc c quan bo v php lut cn cha tt; + Hot ng iu tra, x l ti phm c lc cha kp thi, hiu qu cha cao, x l cha nghim minh; + H thng t chc b my, phn cng chc nng, nhim v gia cc c quan bo v php lut v trong ni b tng c quan cha thc s khoa hc, hiu qu vn hnh cha cao. - Cng tc qun l nh nc v an ninh trt t cn bc l nhiu hn ch. Cng tc gio dc ci to i khi cha xo b c t tng phm ti ca cc i tng, s i tng phm ti tr li cn nhiu; - Phong tro qun chng tham gia u tranh chng ti phm  mt s ni cha thc s mnh m, cha hiu qu, cha pht huy c sc mnh ca qun chng trong cng tc gio dc, ci to v ti ho nhp cng ng cho ngi phm ti. 1.2.2. Nghin cu, son tho  ra cc ch trng, gii php, bin php thch hp nhm tng bc xo b nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm Tu thuc vo nguyn nhn, iu kin c th ca tnh trng phm ti trn cc l)nh vc  son tho  xut cc bin php u tranh xo b nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm cho ph hp, bao gm: Cc gii php pht trin kinh t v cc gii php v hon thin h thng php lut. - Phng nga ti phm kt hp vi thc hin cc chnh sch x hi ph hp vi cc a phng c th; - Nh nc phi xy dng chng trnh quc gia phng chng ti phm ni chung, m bo cc yu cu, ni dung sau: Xc nh r mc tiu, yu cu u tranh phng chng ti phm; huy ng sc mnh tng hp ca ton x hi, s dng ng b h thng, cc bin php phng nga, xc nh r chc nng, nhim v ca cc cp, cc ngnh, ca cng dn; - Mi cp, mi ngnh phi cn c vo chc nng, nhim v ca mnh  xy dng v t chc chng trnh hnh ng c th phng chng ti phm; - Mi cng dn phi nhn thc r trch nhim, ngh)a v ca mnh trong cng tc phng nga ti phm; - Nh nc, chnh quyn cc cp phi thng xuyn kim tra, to u kin v vt cht v tinh thn nhm duy tr v y mnh cng tc phng chng ti phm. 1.2.3. T chc tin hnh cc hot ng phng chng ti phm Cc cp, cc ngnh, cc t chc x hicn c vo chc nng, nhim v c th ca mnh  xy dng k hoch v t chc cc hot ng phng nga ti phm. - Chnh quyn cc cp t chc trin khai thc hin chng trnh phng nga ti phm nhm khc phc nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm  mi cp; - Cc B, ngnh trin khai chng trnh phng nga ti phm nhm khc phc nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm c lin quan n hot ng ca mnh; - Tng h gia nh, mi c nhn trc tip tham gia hot ng phng nga ti phm. 1.2.4. T chc tin hnh cc hot ng pht hin, iu tra, x l ti phm Cc c quan chc nng c nhim v tin hnh pht hin, iu tra, x l ti phm theo quy nh ca php lut c trch nhim: ch ng phi kt hp vi cc lc lng c lin quan kp thi pht hin cc thng tin v ti phm v c lin quan n ti phm; t chc iu tra lm r cc hnh vi phm ti, con ngi k phm ti, lm r nhng vn  cn chng minh theo yu cu ca php lut, phc v x l ti phm; cc c quan truy t, xt x cn cn c vo tnh cht, mc  hnh vi phm ti  x l ng ngi, ng ti, ng php lut, m bo tnh nghim minh ca php lut, khng  lt ngi phm ti, khng lm oan ngi v ti. 1.3. Ch th v nguyn tc t chc hot ng phng chng ti phm 1.3.1. Ch th hot ng phng chng ti phm - Quc hi, Hi ng nhn dn cc cp: Quc hi v Hi ng nhn dn cc cp tin hnh phng nga ti phm trn cc phng din sau: + Ch ng, kp thi ban hnh cc o lut, ngh quyt, cc vn bn php l v phng chng ti phm, tng bc hon thin php lut, lm c s cho cc c quan Nh nc, t chc x hi, mi cng dn lm tt cng tc phng chng ti phm; + Thnh lp cc u ban, cc tiu ban gip cho Quc hi son tho ban hnh cc vn bn php lut c lin quan n cng tc u tranh chng ti phm ni chung; + Gim st cht ch vic tun th php lut trong cng tc u tranh phng chng ti phm ni ring ca cc c quan chc nng, cc t chc x hi; + Hi ng nhn dn a phng ra cc Ngh quyt v phng chng ti phm  a phng mnh. - Chnh ph v U ban nhn dn cc cp: Chc nng chnh ca Chnh ph v U ban nhn dn cc cp trong phng chng ti phm l qun l, iu hnh, phi hp, m bo cc iu kin cn thit, th hin: + C th ho cc ch th, ngh quyt ca ng thnh nhng vn bn php qui hng dn, t chc cc lc lng phng chng ti phm; + Phi hp gia c quan cng an vi kim st, ta n  tin hnh hot ng phng chng ti phm; + Phi hp tin hnh ng b hot ng gia cc ch th khc nhau thuc cp mnh qun l theo k hoch thng nht; + m bo cc iu kin vt cht cho hot ng phng chng ti phm nh: Ngn sch, phng tin, iu kin lm vic; + T chc thanh tra, kim tra, gim st cht ch v phi hp iu chnh hot ng phng chng ti phm p ng yu cu thc tin; +  ra cc bin php nhm ng vin, huy ng sc mnh ca ton x hi tham gia hot ng phng chng ti phm nh: Khen thng, nhn rng cc in hnh tin tin; - Cc c quan qun l kinh t, vn ho, gio dc, dch v, du lch trong phm vi t chc hot ng chuyn mn: + Pht hin nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin lm pht sinh pht trin ti phm thuc l)nh vc mnh qunl; +  ra nhng quy nh thch hp, tham mu cho Nh nc ban hnh cc ch trng, chnh schng n gp phn khc phc nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm; + Xy dng v t chc thc hin cc phng n phng nga ti phm trong phm vi c quan c hiuqu; + Phi hp cht ch vi chnh quyn cc cp, lm tt cng tc phng chng trong ni b, ngoi x hitheo chng trnh chung ca Chnh ph. - Cc t chc chnh tr - x hi + Tng cng cng tc tham mu cho cp y, phi hp ca chnh quyn ch o v t chc thc hin cng tc phng, chng ti phm; + T chc cc hot ng tuyn truyn, vn ng v cng tc phng, chng ti phm to s chuyn bin mnh m trong vic chp hnh php lut  cng ng dn c; + Xy dng v cng c cc m hnh m bo v an ninh, trt t ti a bn dn c; cng c h thng tip nhn v x l tin bo, t gic ti phm  khu dn c; t chc cc hnh thc ly kin nhn dn thng qua cc knh i thoi v tnh hnh an ninh, trt t; + Hng dn cc k nng, bin php cm ha, gio dc, gip  ngi phm ti ti cng ng; + Phi hp xy dng c ch o to ngh, gii quyt vic lm, ghi nhn ngi c cng khi tham gia pht hin t gic ti phm; + Bi dng nng cao nng lc chuyn mn cho cn b Mt trn Tquc v cc t chc chnh tr - x hi tham gia cng tc phng, chng ti phm  x, phng, th trn v Ban cng tc Mt trn  khu dn c; + T chc cc hot ng kim tra, gim st v phn bin x hi v l)nh vc trt t, an ton x hi trn a bn dn c. Hng nm phi hp t chc hiu qu ngy hi  Ton dn bo v an ninh T quc , cc t cao im ton dn tham gia phng, chng ti phm v k cam kt khng vi phm php lut; thc hin tt vic s kt, tng kt, biu dng, khen thng; + Phng nga ti phm v phng, chng vi phm php lut cho cng nhn lao ng ti cc khu cng nghip, khu ch xut. - Cc t chc x hi, cc t chc qun chng t qun + Phi hp, h tr chnh quyn a phng, cc c quan chuyn mn son tho, tham gia k hochphng nga ti phm; + Tuyn truyn cho hi vin thy c tnh cht, th on hot ng ca ti phm nng cao thc cnh gic; + Trc tip huy ng cc hi vin tham gia chng trnh phng chng ti phm ni chung ca Chnh phtrong phm vi a phng, ni b hip hi ca mnh. - Cc c quan bo v php lut: Nghin cu, phn tch tnh trng phm ti, xc nh chnh xc nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin ca tiphm, son tho  xut cc bin php phng chng thch hp. S dng cc bin php lut nh v cc bin php nghip v chuyn mn theo chc nng, trc tiptin hnh cc hot ng phng chng ti phm. + Cng an: Trc tip t chc, trin khai cc hot ng phng chng ti phm theo hai hng: Tham gia phng chng x hi (phng chng chung) v trc tip tin hnh ton din hot ng phng chng nghip v, iu tra ti phm; + Vin kim st: Kim st vic tun theo php lut i vi cc hot ng iu tra, xt x, thi hnh n, giam gi, gio dc, ci to phm nhn, gi quyn cng t; + To n cc cp: Thng qua hot ng xt x cc v n m bo cng minh, ng php lut; pht hin nhng nguyn nhn, iu kin ca ti phm  Chnh ph, cc ngnh, cc cp kp thi c bin php ngn chn, loi tr. - Cng dn: Cng dn c ngh)a v v quyn li trong s nghip bo v an ninh trt t. Cng dn vi t cch lch th trong phng chng ti phm phi qun trit: + Thc hin tt cc quyn, ngh)a v ca cng dn  c quy nh trong Hin php, tch cc thamgia hot ng phng nga ti phm; + Tch cc, ch ng pht hin mi hot ng ca ti phm v thng bo cho cc c quan chc nng; + Tham gia nhit tnh vo cng tc gio dc, cm ho cc i tng c lin quan n hot ng phmti ti cng ng dn c; + Phi hp tham gia, gip  cc c quan nh nc, t chc x hi thc hin tt chng trnh  Quc gia phng chng ti phm . Thc hin tt cc phong tro:  Ton dn tham gia phng chng ti phm, t gic ti phm, cm ho gio dc ngi phm ti ti gia nh v cng ng dn c , lm tt cng tc ti ho nhp cng ng cho ngi phm ti khi tr v a phng; + Trc tip lm tt cng tc phng nga ti phm ngay trong phm vi gia nh (qun l, gio dc cc thnh vin trong gia nh). 1.3.2.Nguyn tc t chc hot ng phng chng ti phm - Nh nc qun l, kt hp gia ch ng phng nga vi ch ng lin tc tin cng, tun th php lut, phi hp v c th, dn ch, nhn o, khoa hc v tin b; - Bo m ng iu kin, trnh t, th tc, hnh thc, thm quyn theo quy nh ca php lut v ph hp vi iu c quc t m nc Cng ha x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam l thnh vin; - Tin hnh thng xuyn, lin tc, ly phng chng l chnh, ch ng, kp thi pht hin, ngn chn, x l nghim minh mi vi phm; - Tn trng, bo v cc quyn v li ch hp php ca c quan, t chc v c nhn; - C quan, t chc, c nhn b thit hi do hnh vi tri php lut ca c quan, t chc c thm quyn gy ra trong hot ng phng, chng ti phm v vi phm php lut khc c s dng cng ngh cao phi c bi thng theo quy nh ca php lut. 1.4. Phng chng ti phm trong nh trng 1.4.1. Trch nhim ca nh trng - Xy dng nh trng trong sch, lnh mnh khng c cc hin tng tiu cc, t nn x hi v ti phm; Bo m mi trng hc tp, sinh hot an ton v lnh mnh cho hc sinh, sinh vin v mi ngi trong trng; - Thc hin y  chng trnh phng chng ti phm v t nn x hi trong nh trng; tuyn truyn gio dc phng chng ti phm cho hc sinh, sinh vin; - Pht ng cc phong tro trong nh trng hng ng cc cuc vn ng ton dn tham gia phng chng ti phm vi ni dung, hnh thc ph hp vi iu kin, hon cnh ca nh trng; - Phi hp cht ch vi lc lng cng an v cc c quan lin quan trong vic phng nga ti phm trong v ngoi nh trng. 1.4.2. Trch nhim ca hc sinh, sinh vin - Khng ngng hc tp nng cao kin thc, thc php lut, tuyn truyn ph bin php lut cho mi ngi trong  c vn  phng chng ti phm; - Chp hnh nghim chnh nhng ni quy, quy nh ca nh trng; - Pht hin v cung cp nhanh chng cc thng tin v ti phm cho c quan cng an hoc c quan khc c thm quyn; - Tham gia cc hot ng phng nga ti phm trong v ngoi nh trng theo quy nh ca php lut. 2. Cng tc phng chng t nn x hi 2.1. Khi nim, mc ch cng tc phng chng t nn x hi v c im i tng hot ng t nn x hi 2.1.1. Khi nim T nn x hi l mt hin tng x hi tiu cc, c tnh ph bin, biu hin bng nhng hnh vi sai lch chun mc x hi, vi phm o c v gy hu qu nghim trng trong i sng cng ng. -T nn x hi l nhng hnh vi sai lch chun mc o c, chun mc x hi, nh: Thi h, tt xu; phong tc tp qun c h, lc hu v np sng xa a try lc, m tn ng bng, bi ton... - Bn cht ca t nn x hi l xu xa, tri vi np sng vn minh, tri vi o c, bn cht ca ch  x hi ch ngh)a. T nn x hi l biu hin c th ca li sng thc dng, coi thng cc chun mc o c, x hi v php lut, lm xi mn cc gi tr o c truyn thng, thun phong m tc ca dn tc, ph v tnh cm, hnh phc gia nh, ph hoi nhn cch, phm gi con ngi, nh hng n kinh t, sc kho, nng sut lao ng, lm bng hoi ging ni dn tc... l con ng dn n ti phm. 2.1.2. Mc ch cng tc phng chng t nn x hi - Ngn nga chn ng khng  cho t nn x hi pht sinh, pht trin, lan rng trn a bn, trong x hi; - Tng bc xa b dn nhng nguyn nhn iu kin ca t nn x hi, gp phn xy dng i sng vn ho lnh mnh, bo v thun phong m tc ca dn tc; - Pht hin, u tranh, x l nghim minh nhng hnh vi hot ng t nn x hi gp phn gi vng an ninh quc gia v trt t an ton x hi. 2.1.3. c im i tng hot ng t nn x hi - C tnh ly lan nhanh trong x hi; - Tn ti v pht trin di nhiu hnh thc; i tng tham gia rt a dng v phc tp v thnh phn; - Cc i tng hot ng c nhiu phng thc, th on tinh vi  i ph vi lc lng chc nng v che mt qun chng nhn dn thng cu kt vi nhau thnh ng dy,  nhm; - T nn x hi thng c quan h cht ch vi ti phm hnh s, cc hin tng tiu cc x hi khc v c s chuyn ho ln nhau; - a bn tp trung hot ng thng l nhng ni tp trung ng ngi, cc khu cng nghip, du lch nhng ni trnh  ca qun chng nhn dn cn lc hu thp km, v cng tc qun l x hi cn nhiu s h thiu st. 2.2. Ch trng, quan im v cc quy nh ca php lut v phng chng t nn x hi Cng tc phng chng t nn x hi l qu trnh Nh nc cng cc ngnh, cc cp cc on th t chc x hi v mi cng dn (trong  lc lng cng an l nng ct) tin hnh ng b cc bin php nhm pht hin, ngn chn, loi tr cc t nn x hi. u tranh loi tr t nn ra khi i sng x i hi phi c s tham gia ca cc cp, cc ngnh, ca ton th x hi. Trong , lc lng c s c mt vai tr, v tr rt quan trng. y l lc lng ch cng, nng ct tuyn truyn, hng dn qun chng nhn dn v trc tip thc hin cc ch trng, chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc, cc bin php theo chc nng, nhim v ca mnh  phng chng t nn x hi trn a bn. 2.2.1. Ch trng, quan im Nghim cm mi hnh thc hot ng t nn x hi, x l thch ng nhng tn hot ng chuyn nghip, hot ng c  nhm, nhng tn cm u hoc t chc li ko ngi khc i vo co ng hot ng t nn x hi. Ch ng phng nga ngn chn khng  t nn x hi ly lan pht trin gy tc hi n i sng nhn dn v trt t x hi. Gio dc ci to nhng ngi mc t nn x hi lm cho h tr thnh nhng cng dn c ch cho x hi. Quan im trn c th hin trn cc mt c th sau: - Phng nga l c bn, lng ghp v kt hp cht ch cng tc phng chng t nn x hi vi cc chng trnh pht trin kinh t, vn ho, x hi  a phng y l phng hng c bn nht, va th hin tnh u vit ca ch  x hi ch ngh)a, mang ngh)a kinh t, va ph hp vi o c, phong tc tp qun ca dn tc.  c th gii quyt, bi tr trit  t nn x hi i hi phi khc phc tng bc nhng yu km, tn ti ca nn kinh t x hi, phi thc hin ng b cc chnh sch pht trin kinh t, vn ho, x hi, lng ghp, gn kt cng tc phng chng t nn x hi vi cc chng trnh pht trin kinh t, vn ho, x hi  a phng nh chnh sch v lao ng, vic lm, nng cao i sng vt cht cho nhn dn, cc chnh sch v vn ho, gio dc nhm iu chnh vic xy dng cc chun mc x hi v nh hng gi tr x hi lnh mnh, pht huy v k tha cc phm cht o c truyn thng tt p v.v. y mnh chng trnh  xo i gim ngho ,  ton dn on kt xy dng i sng vn ho  khu dn c nhm tng bc ngn chn, loi tr, xo b t nn x hi trn a bn. - Cng tc phng chng t nn x hi l trch nhim ca ton x hi, phi c trin khai ng b  cc cp, cc ngnh, trong  ly phng chng t gia nh, c quan, n v, trng hc lm c s Trong cng tc u tranh phng chng t nn x hi th Chnh quyn, cc c quan, t chc, on th  c s v gia nh gi mt vai tr rt quan trng. y l lc lng trc tip thc hin, bin nhng ch trng, chnh sch, quy nh ca ng v Nh nc v phng chng t nn x hi thnh hin thc. L ni thc hin cc cuc vn ng ca ng v Nh nc v xy dng i sng vn ho mi  khu dn c, gp phn y li v bi tr t nn x hi. Do  cn xc nh ng vai tr ca nh trng trong u tranh phng chng t nn x hi. - Kt hp cht ch gia vic x l nghim khc vi vic cm ho, gio dc, ci to i vi nhng i tng hot ng t nn x hi X l nghim minh nhng i tng hot ng t nn x hi chuyn nghip, nhng i tng ch cha, t chc, mi gii, cm u trong cc ng dy,  nhm hot ng t nn x hi, cn tch cc, kin tr cing nh quan tm to cc iu kin thun li v vt cht v tinh thn  ng vin, gio dc, cm ho i tng l nn nhn ca t nn x hi  h yn tm rn luyn  tr thnh cng dn c ch cho x hi, c bit l th h tr. 2.2.2. Cc quy nh ca php lut v phng chng t nn x hi Trong qu trnh u tranh phng chng t nn x hi, Nh nc ta lun ch trng n vic nng cao vai tr, hiu qu ca php lut v  ban hnh nhiu vn bn php lut  iu chnh cng tc ny, nh: Php lnh phng, chng mi dm (2003); B lut hnh s quy nh: Ti hnh ngh m tn d oan, Ti cha mi dm, Ti mi gii mi dm, Ti mua dm ngi cha thnh nin, Ti nh bc, Ti t chc nh bc hoc g bc; cc ti phm v ma tu; cc vn bn di lut quy nh v u tranh phng chng t nn x hi. 2.3. Trch nhim ca t chc v c nhn trong phng chng t nn x hi 2.3.1. i vi t chc - Tng cng s lnh o ca ng, qun l ca Nh nc trong cng tc u tranh phng chng t nn x hi; - Ch trng tuyn truyn, gio dc nng cao thc php lut cho ngi dn trong phng chng cc t nn x hi; - Ch ng pht hin cc hnh vi hot ng t nn x hi  c bin php ngn chn kpthi; - Phi hp cht ch gia cc c quan c thm quyn  y li cc loi t nn x hi; - Thng xuyn pht ng cc phong tro phng chng t nn ti a phng, c s; - T chc cc hot ng thi tm hiu php lut, php lnh, cc vn bn ca ng, Nh nc v phng chng t nn x hi. 2.3.1. i vi c nhn - Nhnthcrtc hicatnnxhi t  nng cao thc, trch nhim ca bn thn trong cng tc phng chng t nn x hi; - C trch nhim pht hin, cung cp nhanh chng cc thng tin v t nn x hi cho c quan cng an hoc c quan khc c thm quyn; - Tham gia tch cc vo cc hot ng tuyn truyn cing nh ngn chn cc hot ng t nn x hi hin nay. CU HI N TP 1. Trnh by ni dung ca cng tc phng nga ti phm, mi quan h gia cc ni dung ca hot ng phng nga ti phm? 2. Phn tch mi quan h gia cc ch th trong t chc hot ng phng nga ti phm, lin h vi thc t mi trng hc tp, cng tc? 3. Vai tr ca hc sinh, sinh vin trong cng tc phng nga ti phm, lin h vi mi trng hc tp ca bn thn? 4. Phn tch cc ch trng, quan im ca ng, Nh nc trong u tranh, phng chng t nn x hi, cng tc phng chng t nn x hi t hiu qu cn ch g v l)nh vc php lut? 5. Ni dung, phng php phng chng t nn x hi,  lm tt cng tc phng chng t nn x hi ni chung cn c nhng gii php no (v php lut, v t chc thc hin, v xy dng mi trng sng& )? BI 7: NG LI, QUAN IM CA NG, CHNH SCH, PHP LUT CA NH NC VIT NAM V BO V AN NINH CHNH TR, KINH T, VN HA T TNG 1. Quan im v t tng ch o ca ng v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng 1.1. Bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l nhim v chin lc ca cch mng Vit Nam Ch tch H Ch Minh ni:  Cc vua Hng  c cng dng nc, Bc chu ta phi cng nhau gi ly nc . Nu ta khng mnh th ta ch l cng c trong tay ngi khc. Ch c thc lc ca ta mi quyt nh thng li. Trong lch s dn tc Vit Nam, ng cha ta  khng chu khut phc trc mi k th ln mnh bn ngoi v xy p truyn thng dng nc v gi nc. ng ta  pht huy truyn thng anh hng ca dn tc, a cch mng Vit Nam ginh thng li Cch mng thng Tm 1945, nh thng  quc xm lc, gi gn c lp dn tc. Nc ta, qua hn 30 nm i mi, c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th, ch  x hi ch ngh)a, an ninh chnh tr, trt t, an ton x hi c gi vng. Th trn quc phng ton dn, th trn an ninh nhn dn c cng c; tim lc quc phng, an ninh c tng cng, nht l trn cc a bn chin lc, xung yu, phc tp. Cng tc gio dc, bi dng kin thc quc phng v an ninh c trin khai rng ri. Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn tip tc c cng c, xy dng theo hng cch mng, chnh quy, tinh nhu v tng bc hin i, thc s l lc lng tin cy ca ng, Nh nc v nhn dn; lm tt vai tr tham mu, gp phn ch ng phng nga, lm tht bi m mu  Din bin ho bnh , hot ng gy ri, bo lon lt  ca cc th lc th ch; u tranh ngn chn v x l c hiu qu cc hot ng c hi chnh tr, cc loi ti phm hnh s, nht l ti phm nguy him, c t chc, ti phm ma tu, ti phm c yu t nc ngoi, ti phm li dng cng ngh cao, s dng vi kh nng, chng ngi thi hnh cng v; tham gia tch cc, c hiu qu vo cc chng trnh pht trinkinh t - x hi, hot ng cu h, cu nn, phng, chng v khc phc thin tai. Tuy nhin, xu th ca th gii ngy nay, tuy hp tc cng tng nhng cnh tranh cing rt quyt lit; khu vc Chu - Thi Bnh Dng ang pht trin nng ng nhng cing tim n mt s nhn t c th gy mt n nh. Ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch vn m mu chng ph cch mng nc ta quyt lit v tinh vi hn bng chin lc  Din bin ha bnh . Mt s phn t bt mn, thoi ha, bin cht trong x hi ta cing ang ph ha vi k ch, tuyn truyn chng i ng, nh nc ta. Nn tham nhing v cc t nn x hi hin nay ngn chn cha c hiu qu& to iu kin  nguy c  Din bin ha bnh ln ti. S nghip cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc ang t ra nhng nhim v ht sc nng n. Chng ta ang ng trc c hi ln v nhng thch thc ln. Nu ta suy yu, tt hu xa hn v kinh t th nguy c  Din bin ha bnh v cc t nn x hi khc c iu kin ln ti. Trong lc tp trung pht trin kinh t chng ta khng th l l nhim v tng cng quc phng, gi vng an ninh quc gia, ton vn lnh th v li ch dn tc. Xy dng ch ngh)a x hi v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a l hai nhim v chin lc ca cch mng Vit Nam hin nay. C hai nhim v u quan trng, lin quan mt thit, h tr tc ng ln nhau. Bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l nhim v chin lc va thng xuyn lu di, va khn trng cp bch trong cc din th gii v nc ta ngy nay. Mi cn b, ng vin, nhn dn v thanh nin cn nhn thc y  tm quan trng ca nhim v chin lc bo v T quc, nu cao cnh gic, quyt tm lm tht bi m mu  Din bin ha bnh ca ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch. 1.2. Quan im c bn ca ng v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng Xy dng nn quc phng ton dn, nn an ninh nhn dn vng mnh ton din; bo v vng chc T quc, c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th. Kt hp cht ch hai nhim v chin lc ca cch mng Vit Nam l xy dng ch ngh)a x hi v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a; kt hp quc phng v an ninh vi kinh t; gn b v phi hp cht ch nhim v quc phng, nhim v an ninh v hot ng i ngoi. Cng c quc phng, gi vng an ninh quc gia l nhim v trng yu thng xuyn ca ng, Nh nc v ca ton qun, ton dn. Bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l bo v ng, Nh nc, nhn dn v ch  x hi ch ngh)a; bo v an ninh chnh tr, an ninh kinh t, an ninh t tng vn ha v an ninh x hi. Bo v an ninh t tng l mt ni dung quan trng ca bo v vn ha v ch  x hi ch ngh)a. Gi vng nn tng t tng ch ngh)a Mc - Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh; bo v ng li ca ng, lm tht bi chin lc  Din bin ha bnh ca cc th lc th ch. Bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l duy tr trt t, k cng, an ton x hi; gi vng n nh chnh tr ca t nc, ngn nga, y li v lm tht bi mi m mu, hot ng chng ph, th ch, khng  b ng, bt ng. Sc mnh bo v T quc l sc mnh tng hp ca khi i on kt ton dn, ca c h thng chnh tr di s lnh o ca ng; kt hp sc mnh dn tc vi sc mnh thi i  bo v T quc; kt hp lc lng v th trn quc phng ton dn vi sc mnh ca lc lng v th trn ca an ninh nhn dn. Sc mnh bo v T quc l sc mnh ca s kt hp kinh t; vi quc phng v an ninh vi kinh t v hot ng i ngoi. Hon thin h thng php lut v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l, th ch ha cc ch trng, chnh sch ca ng v xy dng nn quc phng ton dn v an ninh nhn dn, tng cng qun l Nh nc v quc phng v an ninh. Thng xuyn chm lo xy dng ng, tng cng s lnh o ca ng i vi qun i v cng an, i vi s nghip cng c quc phng v an ninh. 2. Nhim v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng 2.1.Tip tc i mi v nng cao cht lng cng tc gio dc, bi dng kin thc v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng Tng cng cng tc gio dc nhn thc v quc phng an ninh i vi i ngi cng chc. Kin thc v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng cn a vo chng trnh chnh kha o to, bi dng cho cn b, cng chc v cho ton dn, c ni dung ph hp vi tng i tng v a vo chng trnh chnh kha trong cc nh trng theo cp hc, bc hc. Ch trng gio dc thng nht nhn thc v i tng v i tc; nm vng ng li, quan im, yu cu nhim v v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng trong tnh hnh mi; nng cao thc trch nhim v tinh thn cnh gic trong thc hin nhim v v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng. Xy dng th trn quc phng ton dn v an ninh nhn dn. Gi vng an ninh ni a; gii quyt kp thi cc mu thun, tranh chp trong nhn dn; xy dng  th trn lng dn lm nn tng pht huy sc mnh tng hp ca ton dn tc, trong  Qun i nhn dn v Cng an nhn dn l nng ct. Xy dng c s chnh tr - x hi, th trn quc phng ton dn v an ninh nhn dn; coi trng xy dng th trn trn cc a bn chin lc trng yu; xy dng lc lng dn qun, t v v cng an, bo v c s. C s chnh tr - x hi v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l s vng chc ca h thng chnh tr, nhn thc ng n ca cn b, ng vin v nhn dn, s vng vng v chnh tr, t tng ca lc lng vi trang, ca chnh quyn gn b cht ch vi nhn dn, kt hp gia chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi v chin lc v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng quc gia. Kin quyt lm tht bi mi m mu v th on  Din bin ha bnh , bo lon lt . Coi trng nhim v bo m an ninh chnh tr ni b, nng cao kh nng t bo v ca mi ngi, ca tng t chc, c quan, n v. 2.2. Kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi vic tng cng bo v an ninh chnh tr, vn ha t tng trn c s pht huy mi tim nng ca t nc Xy dng th trn quc phng ton dn kt hp cht ch vi th trn an ninh nhn dn. y mnh xy dng cc khu vc phng th tnh, thnh ph. Tip tc pht trin cc khu kinh t - quc phng, xy dng cc khu quc phng - kinh t vi mc tiu tng cng quc phng - an ninh l ch yu, tp trung vo cc a bn trng im chin lc v nhng khu vc nhy cm trn bin gii t lin, bin o. Xy dng cng nghip quc phng trong h thng cng nghip quc gia di s ch o, qun l iu hnh trc tip ca Chnh ph, u t c chn lc theo hng hin i, va phc v quc phng va phc v dn sinh. 2.3 Tng cng i mi v nng cao cht lng cng tc hi nhp quc t v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng Chnh sch i ngoi l s tip ni chnh sch i ni, l b phn quan trng trong ng li chnh tr ca mi quc gia, dn tc. T khi thnh lp nc Vit Nam dn ch cng ha, Ch tch H Ch Minh  long trng tuyn b Vit Nam mong mun c quan h hu ngh, hp tc vi tt c cc nc trn th gii. Trong cc thi k ca cch mng, ng v Nh nc ta u rt coi trng chnh sch i ngoi. iu  th hin mc tiu, bn cht ch   nc ta v nguyn vng ca nhn dn. Thng qua  chng ta c th khai thc tt nht nhng tin nng, kinh nghim thnh tu vn ha ca th gii, gp phn  nhn dn ta v bn b khp nm chu hiu nhau hn, nng cao a v v uy tn ca ng v Nh nc ta trn trng quc t. Trn c s kin nh ng li c lp t ch, chnh sch i ngoi m ca gip chng ta thu c nhiu thng li, l mt trong nhng thnh tu ni bt ca cng cuc i mi  nc ta. Hot ng i ngoi ca ng, Nh nc v nhn dn pht trin mnh, gp phn gi vng mi trng ha bnh, pht trin kinh t - x hi, nng cao uy tn ca Vit Nam trong khu vc v trn th gii. Pht trin quan h vi cc nc lng ging; thit lp v nng cp quan h vi nhiu i tc quan trng. Hon thnh phn gii cm mc trn t lin vi Trung Quc; tng dy h thng mc bin gii vi Lo; hon thnh mt bc phn gii cm mc trn t lin vi Campuchia; bc u m phn phn nh vng bin ngoi ca Vnh Bc B vi Trung Quc v thc y phn nh bin pha Ty Nam vi cc nc lin quan. Tham gia tch cc v c trch nhim ti cc din n khu vc v quc t; m nhim tt vai tr U vin khng thng trc Hi ng Bo an Lin hp quc; ng gp quan trng vo vic xy dng cng ng ASEAN v Hin chng ASEAN, m nhim thnh cng vai tr Ch tch ASEAN, Ch tch AIPA. Quan h vi cc ng cng sn v cng nhn, ng cnh t, ng cm quyn v mt s ng khc; hot ng i ngoi nhn dn tip tc c m rng. Cng tc v ngi Vit Nam  nc ngoi t kt qu tch cc. Thc hin y  cc cam kt quc t; i thoi ci m, thng thn v t do, dn ch, nhn quyn. Nc ta  gia nhp T chc Thng mi th gii (WTO), k kt hip nh thng mi t do song phng v a phng vi mt s i tc quan trng; m rng v tng cng quan h hp tc vi cc i tc; gp phn quan trng vo vic to dng v m rng th trng hng ho, dch v v u t ca Vit Nam, thu ht u t trc tip nc ngoi, tranh th ODA v cc ngun ti tr quc t khc. Nhng thnh tu  l kt qu ca ng li chnh sch i ngoi ng n ca ng v Nh nc ta v c s ng gp tch cc ca nhn dn ta vo s nghip chung ca nhn dn th gii. Trc mt nhn dn ta c c c hi ln v thch thc ln. Chnh sch i ngoi ng n ca ng v Nh nc ta khng th tch ri nhng bin i  trn th gii v khu vc. Bi hc ln ca ng l lun lun kt hp sc mnh trong nc vi sc mnh quc t, sc mnh dn tc vi sc mnh thi i. Trong th gii m hin nay, nhiu vn  ton cu, cp bch c lin quan n nhiu quc gia, dn tc m khng mt quc gia ring l no c th gii quyt ni nu khng c s hp tc vi nhau. Vi phng chm Vit Nam mun l bn, l i tc tin cy ca cc nc trong cng ng quc t, ng ta ch trng m rng cc quan h i ngoi, ch ng hi nhp quc t. Ch trng  ca ng ta va ph hp vi xu th khch quan trn th gii, va l i hi cp bch ca tnh hnh trong nc v ph hp vi nguyn vng ca nhn dn nhm to ra sc mnh tng hp cho cng cuc cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc, va th hin tinh thn i mi, nhn v tng lai pht trin lu di ca c dn tc, xy dng Vit Nam dn giu, nc mnh, x hi dn ch, cng bng, vn minh, phn u v ha bnh, c lp dn tc v tin b x hi trn ton th gii. 3. Nhng gii php c bn v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng Trc tnh hnh trn,  ch ng trong cng tc bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng, gp phn hn ch nhng nguy c, thch thc v tranh th thi c do tin trnh ton cu ha v hi nhp quc t mang li, phc v s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a, cn thc hin tt mt s ch trng v gii php sau: - Cn thng nht nhn thc trong ton ng, ton qun, ton dn v cng tc bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng Phi xc nh rng cng tc bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng c ngh)a c bit quan trng, di s lnh o trc tip, ton din ca ng, s qun l tp trung, thng nht ca Nh nc, pht huy c sc mnh tng hp ca c h thng chnh tr, vi s tham gia tch cc, c hiu qu ca cc c quan, ban, ngnh chc nng, cc t chc x hi, on th qun chng. Trng tm ca cng tc bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng hin nay l phi lm tt cng tc thng tin, tuyn truyn v ng li, chnh sch ca ng, php lut ca Nh nc  ton ng, ton dn, cc ngnh, cc cp qun trit thc hin ng. Phi bo v v pht trin nn vn ha Vit Nam tin tin, m  bn sc dn tc; thc y giao lu v hp tc ha trn c s tip thu tinh hoa vn ha nhn loi; gp phn n nh v pht trin kinh t - x hi theo ng ch trng, chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc, nng cao i sng ca nhn dn lao ng. c bit, cn qun trit phng chm c bn trong bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l phi coi trng ch ng phng nga, gi vng bn trong l chnh. Mt khc, phi u tranh, ngn nga kp thi cc hot ng ph hoi ca cc th lc th ch v cc phn t chng i ch  mt cch quyt lit v sc bn. - Quan tm ch o v t chc thng xuyn cng tc gio dc chnh tr, t tng, truyn thng; khi dy tinh thn t ho dn tc,  cao cc gi tr vn ha dn tc, o c, li sng lnh mnh ca ngi Vit Nam Cc cp, cc ngnh cn tng cng cc hnh thc tuyn truyn gio dc trong cn b, ng vin v nhn dn v truyn thng dng nc v gi nc ca dn tc Vit Nam, nim t ho dn tc; nng cao cnh gic cch mng, u tranh kp thi, kin quyt lm tht bi m mu, hot ng ph hoi ca cc th lc th ch. y mnh hc tp, thc hin cc ngh quyt ca Trung ng ng v bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng. Cn lm cho mi cn b, ng vin thy r trch nhim phi kin quyt u tranh vi t tng sng bi ci gi l cc  gi tr ca phng Ty, xem nh cc gi tr vn ha dn tc, tm l hoi nghi vo cch mng, li sng v k; ln n nhng quan im trng vt cht - nh tinh thn, trng c nhn - nh tp th; trng trc mt - nh lu di, cc biu hin suy i o c. Ch trng bo v mi trng vn ha vn minh, trong sng, lnh mnh  mi gia nh, c quan v trong ton th tp th. - u t pht trin, tng cng s ch o, qun l, nng cao hiu qu hot ng ca cc c quan pht thanh, truyn hnh, bo ch, xut bn, vn ha, ngh thut, p ng yu cu nng cao dn tr, xy dng np sng vn minh, vn ha trong x hi Khng ngng nng cao i sng vt cht v tinh thn ca nhn dn; ngn nga cc khuynh hng  thng mi ha ,  t nhn ha hot ng bo ch, xut bn, vn ha, vn ngh. Nng cao hiu qu cng tc qun l cc hot ng hp tc quc t v vn ha, ngh thut, gio dc - o to. Chn chnh nhng lng lo, s h, khng  cc i tc, cc th lc th ch li dng tc ng, hng li, chuyn ha, ph hoi, gy phc tp v an ninh - trt t. Chn lc nhp khu nhng sn phm vn ha c ni dung tt, c gi tr v ngh thut; ng thi khng  bo ch, phim nh v cc sn phm vn ha phn ng, i try thm nhp vo nc ta, ph hoi bn sc vn ha dn tc. - Tng cng cng tc lnh o cc hot ng bo ch, xut bn pht thanh, truyn hnh, nht l trong vic nh hng chnh tr - t tng; nng cao hiu qu qun l nh nc trn l)nh vc bo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng Trc mt, cn r sot, sa i, ban hnh mi cc vn bn php lut, to hnh lang php l nng cao hiu lc, hiu qu qun l trong cc hot ng vn ha, vn ngh. Cc ngnh, cc cp ch ng pht hin, kin ngh chn chnh nhng vi phm, s h, lng lo trong qun l nh nc ca cc c quan chc nng trn cc l)nh vc ny. T chc tt cng tc thanh tra, kim tra vic thc hin php lut v cc quy nh ca Nh nc v hot ng v dch v vn ha, nht l thc hin php lnh bo v b mt nh nc ca cc c quan, ban, ngnh  trung ng v cc a phng. Ch trng lm tt cng tc nhn s cc c quan vn ha  Trung ng v a phng  cng c ni b tht s trong sch, vng mnh. - Cc c quan chc nng cn pht huy vai tr nng ct trong vic tham mu cho ng, Nh nc y mnh cng tc nghin cu l lun,  ra cc ch trng, chnh sch v bo m an ninh trn l)nh vc vn ha - t tng Phi hp t chc tt cuc u tranh trn mt trn t tng - vn ha, thc hin phng chm t tng phi i trc mt bc, khng  b ng i ph. Ch ng pht hin cc vn  phc tp ny sinh trong hot ng v dch v vn ha nh hng n an ninh trt t  tham mu cho ng, Nh nc; kin ngh cc ngnh, cc cp c bin php x l, khc phc kp thi nhm bt kn nhng s h, thiu st, ngn chn cc nguy c tim n xm phm an ninh quc gia ni chung, an ninh trong l)nh vc vn ha - t tng ni ring. Bo v vng chc an ninh chnh tr ni b, bo v vai tr lnh o ca ng i vi cc c quan an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng; bo v i ngi cn b, ng vin v cc t chc c s ng trong c quan an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng; t chc tt cng tc phng nga, pht hin, u tranh vi cc hot ng li dng tin trnh hi nhp quc t ca Vit Nam v xu hng ton cu ha thm nhp, ph hoi, tc ng, chuyn ha t bn trong, tin hnh cc hot ng xm phm an ninh quc gia trong cc l)nh vc an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng. Trn y, l nhng vn  c bnvbo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng ca ng v Nh nc ta trong tin trnh lch s, nht l trong giai on cch mng hin nay. S nghip ny l nhim v ca c h thng chnh tr, cc tng lp nhn dn lao ng ch khng phi ca ring ai. Sinh vin l lp ngi tr khe, c trnh , dm ngh), dm lm, gim chu trch nhim, hn ai ht chng ta phi nhn thc y , hnh ng ng n, p ng vi yu cu ca cch mng, ca thi i. Rn luyn, tu dng bn thn  phn u tr thnh mt cng dn tt, c ch cho x hi gp phn vo s nghip xy dng mt nc Vit Nam dn giu, nc mnh, x hi dn ch, cng bng, vn minh. CU HI N TP 1. Ti sao nibo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng l nhim v chin lc ca cc quc gia? 2. Trnh by quan im ca ng vbo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng? 3. Trnh by nhng nhim v c bn vbo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng? 4. Trnh by nhng gii php vbo v an ninh chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha t tng? BI 8: CHIN TRANH NHN DN BO V T QUC VIT NAM X HI CH NGH(A 1. Nhng vn  chung v chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc 1.1. Mc ch, i tng ca chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc 1.1.1. Khi nim Chin tranh nhn dn Vit Nam l qu trnh s dng tim lc ca t nc, nht l tim lc quc phng v an ninh, nhm nh bi  xm lc, lt  k th i vi cch mng nc ta. 1.1.2. Mc ch ca chin tranh nhn dn Chin tranh nhn dnnhm bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht ton vn lnh th; bo v an ninh quc gia, trt t an ton x hi v nn vn ha; bo v ng, Nh nc, nhn dn v ch  x hi ch ngh)a; bo v s nghip i mi, cng nghip ha,hin i ha t nc; bo v li ch quc gia dn tc; bo v an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi v nn vn ha; gi vng n nh chnh tr v mi trng ha bnh, pht trin t nc theo nh hng x hi ch ngh)a. 1.1.3. i tng tc chin ca chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc - i tng tc chin: Ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc phn ng c hnh ng ph hoi, xm lc lt  cch mng, hin nay chng thc hin chin lc  Din bin ha bnh bo lon lt   xa b ch ngh)a x hi  nc ta v sn sng s dng lc lng vi trang, hnh ng qun s can thip khi c thi c. - m mu, th on ch yu ca k th khi xm lc nc ta: Thc hin nh nhanh, thng nhanh, kt hp tin cng qun s t bn ngoi vo vi hnh ng bo lon lt  t bn trong, ng thi kt hp vi cc bin php phi vi trang  la bp d lun. Trong giai on u s bao vy phong ta, sau s dng ha lc nh bt ng,  t. Lc lng tham gia vi qun s ng, vi kh trang b hin i. Khi tin cng thng trong giai on u s bao vy, phong ta, sau s dng ha lc nh bt ng,  t. Giai on thc hnh thn tnh lnh th c th ng thi h tr bo lon lt  bn trong ca cc lc lng phn ng v s dng cc bin php chnh tr, ngoi giao  la bp d lun. Khi tin hnh chin tranh xm lc ch c nhng mnh, yu sau: + Mnh:C u th tuyt i v sc mnh qun s, kinh t v tim lc khoa hc cng ngh, c th cu kt c vi lc lng phn ng ni a, thc hin trong nh ra ngoi nh vo. + Yu:y l cuc chin tranh phi ngh)a, chc chn b nhn loi phn i. Dn tc ta c truyn thng yu nc, chng xm lc chc chn s lm cho chng b tn tht nng n. a hnh, thi tit nc ta phc tp kh khn cho ch khi s dng phng tin, lc lng. 1.2 Tnh cht, c im ca chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc 1.2.1. Tnh cht - L cuc chin tranh nhn dn ton dn, ton din ly lc lng vi trang ba th qun lm nng ct, di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam; - L cuc chin tranh chnh ngh)a, t v cch mng, nhm bo v c lp t do dn tc, bo v c lp ch quyn, thng nht ton vn lnh th ca t nc bo v ng, bo v ch  x hi ch ngh)a, bo v nhn dn v mi thnh qu ca cch mng; - L cuc chin tranh mang tnh hin i v vi kh trang b, tri thc v ngh thut qun s. 1.2.2. c im ca chin tranh nhn dn Chin tranh nhn dn Vit Nam bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a trong tnh hnh mi c nhng c im c bn sau: - Trong bi cnh quc t c nhiu din bin phc tp, chng ta tin hnh chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc nhm gp phn thc hin nhng mc tiu ln ca thi i l ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi. Do vy, chng ta c th tp hp, ng vin v pht huy cao , ng o c sc mnh ca ton dn c nc, chung sc nh gic; - Trong cuc chin tranh nhn dn ta phi bo v c c lp thng nht, ton vn lnh th v ch  x hi ch ngh)a. Mt khc, cuc chin tranh mang tnh c lp, t ch, t lc, t cng, da vo sc mnh l chnh, nhng ng thi cing c s ng tnh, ng h, gip  ca c loi ngi tin b trn th gii, to sc mnh tng hp ca quc gia v quc t, dn tc v thi i  nh thng chin tranh xm lc ca k th; - Chin tranh din ra khn trng quyt lit phc tp ngay t u v trong sut qu trnh chin tranh. ch s thc hin phng chm chin lc nh nhanh gii quyt nhanh, kt hp tin cng ha lc vi tin cng ton b, tin cng t bn ngoi kt hp bo lon lt  t bn trong v bao vy phong ta ng khng ng b v ng bin  nhm ti mc tiu chin lc trong thi gian ngn; - Hnh thi t nc chun b sn sng, th trn quc phng, an ninh nhn dn ngy cng c cng c vng chc, c iu kin  pht huy sc mnh tng hp, ch ng nh ch ngay t ngy u v lu di. 2. Quan im ca ng ta trong chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc T trong thc tin, ng ta nhn nh: Trong mt vi thp k ti, t c kh nng xy ra chin tranh th gii. Nhng chin tranh cc b, xung t dn tc, tn gio, chy ua vi trang, hot ng can thip lt  cn xy ra  nhiu ni vi tnh cht ngy cng phc tp. Nu t nc phi i mt vi mt cuc chin tranh xm lc mi ca k th, chng ta cn nm vng su quan im c bn ca ng trong chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc Vit Nam. 2.1. Tin hnh chin tranh nhn dn, ton dn nh gic, ly lc lng vi trang nhn dn lm nng ct. Kt hp tc chin ca lc lng vi trang a phng vi tc chin ca cc binh on ch lc - y l quan im c bn xuyn sut, th hin tnh nhn dn su sc trong chin tranh. Khng nh y l cuc chin tranh ca dn, do dn v v dn vi tinh thn y  nht. L iu kin  pht huy cao nht sc mnh tng hp trong cuc chin tranh; - Trong iu kin mi ta phi ly nh thng ln, ly t ch nhiu  nh thng nhng i qun mnh hn ta gp nhiu ln. ng ta khng ch da vo lc lng vi trang m phi da vo sc mnh ca ton dn, tin hnh chin tranh nhn dn, ton dn nh gic& ng vin ton dn nh gic, chng ta phi ng vin v t chc qun chng cng lc lng vi trang nhn dn trc tip chin u v phc v chin u chng li chin tranh xm lc ca k th. nh gic bng mi th vi kh c trong tay, bng nhng cch nh c o sng to& Ton dn nh gic phi c lc lng nng ct l lc lng vi trang nhn dn gm 3 th qun b i ch lc, b i a phng v dn qun t v. Dn qun t v l lc lng nng ct cho phong tro ton dn nh gic  c s, b i a phng v dn qun t v lm nng ct cho phong tro chin tranh nhn dn  a phng. B i ch lc cng lc lng vi trang a phng lm nng ct cho ton dn nh gic trn chin trng c nc.Tin hnh chin tranh ton dn,  l truyn thng ng thi l quy lut ginh thng li trong chin tranh ca dn tc ta chng nhng k th xm lc ln mnh hn ta gp nhiu ln, t xa xa t tin ta  tin hnh chin tranh nhn dn  nh thng cc triu i phong kin phng bc, cing nh di s lnh o ca ng dn tc ta  nh thng thc dn Php v  quc M, ngy nay chng ta k tha v pht huy truyn thng y ln mt trnh  mi ph hp vi iu kin mi thc hin chin tranh ton dn nh thng mt cuc tin cng xm lc ca ch; - Tng cng gio dc quc phng cho mi tng lp nhn dn, nht l th h tr ni chung v hc sinh, sinh vin ni ring. Khng ngng chm lo xy dng lc lng vi trang vng mnh ton din, c bit l cht lng chnh tr. Khng ngng nghin cu ngh thut qun s, nghin cu cc cuc chin tranh gn y trn th gii  pht trin ngh thut qun s ln mt tm cao mi. Xy dng tnh (thnh ph) thnh khu vc phng th vng chc... 2.2.Tin hnh chin tranh ton din, kt hp cht ch gia u tranh qun s, chnh tr, ngoi giao, kinh t, vn ha v t tng ly u tranh qun s l ch yu, ly thng li trn chin trng l yu t quyt nh  ginh thng li trong chin tranh - Quan im trn c vai tr quan trng va mang tnh ch o v hng dn hnh ng c th  ginh thng li trong chin tranh; - Chin tranh l mt cuc th thch ton din i vi sc mnh vt cht, tinh thn ca quc gia.  pht huy n mc cao nht sc mnh ca ton dn nh bi chin tranh tng lc ca ch, chng ta phi nh ch trn tt c cc mt trn: Qun s, chnh tr, ngoi giao, kinh t, vn ha t tng. Mi mt trn u tranh u c v tr quan trng ca n.Tt c cc mt trn u phi kt hp cht ch vi nhau, h tr cho nhau v to iu kin cho u tranh qun s ginh thng li trn chin trng v cng vi u tranh qun s to nn sc mnh tng hp ginh thng li cho cuc chin tranh.Truyn thng v kinh nghim ca cuc chin tranh gii phng v gi nc trong lch s ca ng cha ta cing nh di s lnh o ca ng chng t nhn dn ta  tin hnh cuc chin tranh ton din, u tranh vi ch trn nhiu mt trn nhng ch yu nh ch v thng ch trn mt trn qun s, nh  m nhn dn ta  ginh c thng li. ginh v gi nn c lp dn tc. Tnh hnh th gii ngy nay din bin phc tp v c nhng bin i su sc, t nc ang ng trc nhng thun li mi v nhng thch thc mi i hi ton ng, ton dn, ton qun cng n lc phn u lm tht bi m mu v cc chin lc ca ch, ginh thng li ton din cho chin tranh; - ng phi c ng li chin lc, sch lc ng to th v lc cho tng mt trn  to nn sc mnh, trc mt chng m mu  Din bin ha bnh bo lon lt  ca ch, ng vin sc mnh ca ton dn tin hnh u tranh trn cc mt trn khi k th pht ng chin tranh xm lc.Phi vn dng nhiu hnh thc, bin php u tranh thch hp trn tng mt trn ng thi c ngh thut ch o, phi hp cht ch gia cc mt trn u tranh trong tng giai on cing nh c qu trnh pht trin ca cuc chin tranh, song phi qun trit ly u tranh qun s l ch yu, ly thng li trn chin trng l yu t quyt nh  kt thc chin tranh. 2.3. Chun b mi mt trn c nc cing nh tng khu vc   sc nh c lu di, ra sc thu hp khng gian, rt ngn thi gian ca chin tranh ginh thng li cng sm cng tt - K th xm lc ta l nc ln, c qun ng, trang b vi kh k thut cao, tim lc qun s, kinh t mnh hn ta nhiu ln, chng thc hin nh nhanh gii quyt nhanh theo hc thuyt  Khng - B - Bin  t mc ch chin tranh xm lc; - V vy ta phi chun b trn c nc cing nh tng khu vc  nh c lu di, ra sc tao thi c, nm vng thi c ch ng i ph v ginh thng li trong thi gian cn thit. Trn c s  ta mi dn sc  rt ngn thi gian ca chin tranh ginh thng li cng sm cng tt. Ta kin quyt ngn chn ch khng cho chng m rng  thu hp khng gian ca chin tranh. Mt khc cing phi chun b sn sng  thng ch trong iu kin chin tranh m rng. 2.4. Kt hp khng chin vi xy dng, va khng chin va xy dng, ra sc sn xut thc hnh tit kim gi gn v bi dng lc lng ta cng nh cng mnh - y l mt kinh nghim ng thi l mt truyn thng chng gic ngoi xm trc y cing nh cuc khng chin chng Php v chng M. Nu chin tranh c xy ra chng ta phi tin hnh cuc chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc, cuc chin  s din ra quyt lit ngay t u. Quy m chin tranh, thng vong v ngi, hao tn v vt cht k thut s rt ln, nhu cu bo m cho chin tranh v n nh i sng nhn dn i hi cao v khn trng. Mun duy tr c sc mnh  nh thng k th xm lc, ta cn phi c tim lc kinh t, qun s nht nh bo m cho tc chin ginh thng li; - V vy trong chin tranh ta phi va khng chin va duy tr v y mnh sn xut bo m nhu cu vt cht k thut cho chin tranh, n nh i sng nhn dn. Ta phi thc hnh tit kim trong xy dng v trong chin tranh, ly ca ch nh ch, gi gn v bi dng lc lng ta. Khng ngng tng thm tim lc cho chin tranh, cng nh cng mnh. 2.5. Kt hp u tranh qun s vi bo m an ninh chnh tr, gi gn trt t an ton x hi, trn p kp thi mi m mu v hnh ng ph hoi gy bo lon - Hin nay k ch ang y mnh chin lc  Din bin ha bnh bo lon lt   chng ph cch mng nc ta nu chin tranh xy ra ch s tng cng nh ph bng nhiu bin php, tin hnh chin tranh tm l, chin tranh gin ip, li dng dn tc, tn gio, cc t chc phn ng chng i  kch ng, chia r, lm mt n nh chnh tr, gy ri bo lon lt   hu phng ta  phi hp vi lc lng tin cng t ngoi vo; - V vy i i vi u tranh qun s trn chin trng ta phi kp thi trn p mi m mu v hnh ng ph hoi ca ch  hu phng ta, bo m gi vng an ninh chnh tr trt t an ton x hi, bo v vng chc hu phng, gi vng s chi vin sc ngi, sc ca cho tin tuyn, cng nh cng mnh, cng nh cng thng. 2.6. Kt hp sc mnh dn tc vi sc mnh thi i, pht huy tinh thn t lc t cng, tranh th s gip  quc t, s ng tnh ng h ca nhn dn tin b trn th gii - Cuc chin tranh xm lc ca k ch l tn bo, v nhno s b nhn dn tin b trn th gii phn i; - on kt m rng hp tc quc t tranh th s ng h ca nhn dn yu chung ha bnh trn th gii, k c nhn dn nc c qun xm lc. 3. Mt s ni dung ch yu ca chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc 3.1. T chc th trn chin tranh nhn dn - Th trn chin tranh nhn dn l s t chc b tr lc lng  tin hnh chin tranh v hot ng tc chin; - Th trn chin tranh b tr rng trn c nc nhng phi c trng tm, trng im. Xy dng khu vc phng th vng mnh ton din, c kh nng c lp tc chin, ng thi phi hp vi b i ch lc v n v bn nh ch lin tc di ngy, lin kt thnh th trn lng nc. 3.2. T chc lc lng chin tranh nhn dn - Lc lng chin tranh nhn dn l ton dn nh gic, nh gic ton din ly lc lng vi trang nhn dn ba th qun lm nng ct; - Lc lng ton dn c t chc cht ch thnh lc lng qun chng rng ri v lc lng qun s; - Lc lng vi trang nhn dn c xy dng vng mnh ton din, coi trng c s lng v cht lng trong  ly cht lng l chnh, ly xy dng chnh tr lm c s. CU HI N TP 1. Trnh by mc ch, tnh cht, c im ca chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc? 2. Trnh by quan im ca ng v chin tranh nhn dn bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a? 3. Ti sao phi tin hnh chin tranh ton dn, ton din? BI 9: XY DNG LC LNG Vh TRANG NHN DN VIT NAM 1. Khi nim, c im v nhng quan im nguyn tc c bn xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn 1.1. Khi nim Lc lng vi trang nhn dn l cc t chc vi trang v bn vi trang ca nhn dn Vit Nam do ng cng sn Vit Nam lnh o, Nh nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam qun l, c nhin v "chin u ginh v gi c lp, ch quyn thng nht v ton vn lnh th ca T quc bo v an ninh quc gia v trt t an ton x hi, bo v nhn dn, bo v ch  x hi ch ngh)a v nhng thnh qu cch mng, cng ton dn xy dng t nc. L lc lng xung kch trong khi ngh)a ton dn ginh chnh quyn, l lc lng nng ct ca quc phng ton dn v chin tranh nhn dn". 1.2. c im lin quan n xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn 1.2.1. C nc ang thc hin 2 nhim v chin lc l xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a, trong khi ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc th ch chng ph ta quyt lit - t nc  ho bnh thng nht, cng i ln ch ngh)a x hi vi 2 nhim v chin lc, y l iu kin thun li cho xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn. Hai nhim v chin lc c mi quan h cht ch, tc ng vi nhau  cng thc hin mc tiu  dn giu, nc mnh, x hi cng bng, dn ch vn minh . Do , trong khi chng ta t nhim v trng tm vo xy dng ch ngh)a x hi, khng c mt pht li lng nhim v bo v T quc; - Ch ngh)a  quc v cc th lc phn ng y mnh chin lc  Din bin ho bnh" chng ph cch mng y l mt kh khn ln cho ta trong xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn, v chin lc  Din bin ho bnh" ca ch ngh)a  quc chng xc nh chng ph ta mi mt trong  lc lng vi trang nhn dn l mt trng im, vi mc tiu l v hiu ho, phi chnh tr ho lc lng vi trang nhn dn. Do , cn phi nm chc m mu, th on chin lc "Din bin ho bnh" ca ch  c k hoch phng nga, bo m xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn vng mnh v mi mt. 1.2.2. Xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn trong iu kin quc t  thay i, c nhiu din bin phc tp - Tnh hnh th gii: Ch ngh)a x hi  ng u, Lin X sp , phong tro cch mng gii phng dn tc trn th gii gp nhiu kh khn. Nhng trn th gii, ho bnh, hp tc v pht trin vn l xu th ln, chin trnh cc b, xung t vi trang, xung t dn tc, chy ua vi trang (nht l chy ua vi kh ht nhn), hot ng khng b, tranh chp bin gii, ti nguyn tip tc din ra  nhiu ni vi tnh cht ngy cng phc tp. - Khu vc ng Nam , vn tim n nhiu yu t mt n nh, cc nc ln ang tng cng nh hng ca mnh  li ko cc nc ASEAN. 1.2.3. S nghip i mi  t c nhiu thnh tu to ln, t nc ta bc sang thi k y mnh cng nghip ho - hin i ho v hi nhp kinh t th gii ton din hn. - Thun li c bn: Nn kinh t vt qua nhiu kh khn, thch thc, quy m v tim lc c nng ln; kinh t v) m c bn n nh, lm pht c kim sot; tng trng kinh t c duy tr  mc hp l, t nm 2013 dn phc hi, nm sau cao hn nm trc. i mi m hnh tng trng, c cu li nn kinh t v thc hin ba t ph chin lc c tp trung thc hin bc u t kt qu tch cc. Gio dc v o to, khoa hc v cng ngh, vn ho, x hi, y t c bc pht trin. An sinh x hi c quan tm nhiu hn v c bn c bo m, i sng ca nhn dn tip tc c ci thin. Chnh tr - x hi n nh; quc phng, an ninh c tng cng; kin quyt, kin tr u tranh bo v vng chc c lp, ch quyn, thng nht, ton vn lnh th ca T quc, gi vng ho bnh, n nh. Quan h i ngoi, hi nhp quc t ngy cng su rng, hiu qu. V th, uy tn quc t ca nc ta tip tc c nng cao. Dn ch x hi ch ngh)a v sc mnh i on kt ton dn tc tip tc c pht huy. Cng tc xy dng ng, xy dng h thng chnh tr c ch trng v t kt qu quan trng. - Thch thc ln: Nc ta vn tn ti nhng thch thc ln c i hi ng ln th XII  cp: i mi cha ng b v ton din. Mt s ch tiu kinh t - x hi cha t k hoch; nhiu ch tiu, tiu ch trong mc tiu phn u  n nm 2020 nc ta c bn tr thnh nc cng nghip theo hng hin i khng t c. Nhiu hn ch, yu km trong cc l)nh vc gio dc v o to, khoa hc v cng ngh, vn ho, x hi, y t chm c khc phc. i sng ca mt b phn nhn dn, nht l  vng su, vng xa cn nhiu kh khn. Bn nguy c m ng ch ra vn cn tn ti, c mt din bin phc tp. Tnh trng suy thoi v t tng chnh tr, o c, li sng ca mt b phn khng nh cn b, ng vin v t quan liu, tham nhing, lng ph cha b y li. Mt s mt cng tc xy dng ng, xy dng h thng chnh tr chuyn bin chm .(Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XII ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam). 1.2.4. Thc trng ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn ta Trong nhng nm qua, lc lng vi trang ta  c bc trng thnh ln mnh c v bn l)nh chnh tr, cht lng tng hp, trnh  chnh quy, sc mnh chin u khng ngng c nng ln.  hon thnh tt c ba chc nng, xng ng l lc lng nng ct i u gii quyt hiu qu nhng nhim v kh khn, phc tp m ng, Nh nc giao cho. Song, trn thc t cn tp trung tho g mt s vn  sau: - V cht lng chnh tr: Trn thc t, trnh  l lun, tnh nhy bn, sc so v bn l)nh chnh tr ca khng t cn b, chin s ta cha tng xng vi v tr, yu cu, nhim v ca lc lng vi trang trong cuc u tranh bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a; - V kh nng chin u v trnh  sn sng chin u ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn cn nhng mt hn ch, cha p ng c cc tnh hung phc tp (nu xy ra). Cng tc hun luyn, o to cn b cn c nhng ni dung bt cp, cha tht st nhim v v nng lc thc hnh theo cng v m nhim; - V trnh  chnh quy ca qun i ta cha p ng c yu cu tc chin hin i v cha tng xng vi cng tc xy dng. Chp hnh k lut ca mt b phn lc lng vi trang cn chuyn bin chm, vn  xy ra nhng v vic, nh hng n sc mnh chin u ca lc lng vi trang; - V trang b ca lc lng vi trang cn lc hu v thiu ng b; - Vn  nghin cu pht trin hon thin nn khoa hc ngh thut qun s Vit Nam trong thi k mi cn c t chc mt cch khoa hc, phi hp cht ch gia vin nghin cu, c s o to v thc tin& 1.3. Nhng quan im, nguyn tc c bn xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn trong thi k mi 1.3.1. Gi vng v tng cng s lnh o ca ng Cng sn Vit Nam i vi lc lng vi trang nhn dn - ngh)a: y l quan im, nguyn tc c bn nht trong xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn. S lnh o ca ng i vi cc lc lng vi trang s quyt nh bn cht cch mng, mc tiu, phng hng chin u, ng li t chc v c ch hot ng ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn, bo m nm chc qun i trong mi tnh hung. Thc tin cch mng Vit Nam trong my chc nm qua  chng minh iu . - Ni dung: ng cng sn Vit Nam c tn duy nht nm quyn lnh o lc lng vi trang nhn dn theo nguyn tc  tuyt i, trc tip v mi mt , ng khng nhng hoc chia s quyn lnh do cho bt c giai cp, lc lng, t chc no. ng c h thng t chc t Trung ng n c s, lnh o mi hot ng lc lng vi trang. ng lnh o trn mi hot ng ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn trn tt c cc l)nh vc chnh tr, t tng, t chc& c trong xy dng v chin u. 1.3.2. T lc t cng xy dng lc lng vi trang - C s: Xut pht t truyn thng, kinh nghim trong lch s dng ncJ \ ^ ɹv`J7!*hrOhrO5CJOJQJ\aJmH sH $hrO5CJOJQJ\aJmH sH *h>qh:-5CJ&OJQJ\aJ&mH sH *h>qhrO5CJ&OJQJ\aJ&mH sH *h>qh}]5CJ OJQJ\aJ mH sH *h>qhrO5CJ OJQJ\aJ mH sH ,jh>q 5CJOJQJU\mHnHuh hh:-5CJOJQJ\hh5CJOJQJ\hhCJOJQJ2jh>q h>q 5CJOJQJU\mHnHu J ^ ( * , . 0 2 4 $dxxa$gd\9s$dxxa$gdRJ$dxxa$gd^ ` b r & ( 8 > B F V Ծp^G-hh ^(B*CJ$OJQJaJmH phsH #h hh:-5CJOJQJmH*sH*#h hhRJ5CJOJQJmH sH #h hh:-5CJOJQJmH sH &hGh:-6CJOJQJ]mH sH *hGhI6CJOJQJ]aJmH sH *hGh6CJOJQJ]aJmH sH *hGhI6CJ OJQJ]aJmH sH *hGhrO6CJ OJQJ]aJmH sH 4 6 8 : < > @ B F V Z b  pHZZY f# Z f#  #gd&iX$dxxa$gdRJ dxxgdRJV X Z \ " $ & V X Z ҿqWq:W9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu8h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJaJmHnHphsH*uh>q jh>q Uh hh ^(CJOJQJaJ%jh>q h>q CJOJQJUaJ,hh ^(CJOJQJaJmH nHsH tH,hh&iCJOJQJaJmH nHsH tHZ \ ^ ` b d       L N x z | ˵˱˓}}`˵˱˓}}C9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jyh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu z | ~ .02bdf˵˱˓}}`˵˱˓}}C9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jkh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHufjlnpr :<>BDFHJ~Z\^˵˱˓}}`˵˱C}}8h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJaJmHnHphsH*u9j]h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHuȵȭu__Bȵȭu_9jOh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu PRLNPTVXZ\ͳ~`C~`9jAh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHuLNPTVXZ\RTͳ~`C~`9j3h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHuͳ~`C~`9j%h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu|Z !&#`$X%d&f'X(P)N*0+j,t-l./1244Y f# Z f#   LN:<>ͳ~`C~`9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu>nprvxz|~LNPTVXZ\ͳ~`C~`9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu  NPͳ~`C~`9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu8:   8 : ͳ~`C~`9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jt h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu !!Z!\!^!!!!!!!!!!!"""ͳ~`C~`9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jf h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu"### #"#$#&#(#\#^#$ $"$R$T$V$Z$\$^$`$b$$$%%%ͳ~`C~`9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jX h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu%J%L%N%R%T%V%X%Z%%%"&$&&&V&X&Z&^&`&b&d&f&&&&ͳ~`C~`9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jJ h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu&$'&'('X'Z'\'`'b'd'f'h'''(((J(˱˔ycy_yA˱;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu9j< h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsHuJ(L(N(R(T(V(X(Z((()))B)D)F)J)L)N)P)R))) ***ȵȭu__Bȵȭu_9j.h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*@*B*D*H*J*L*N*P******"+$+&+*+,+.+0+2+f+h+ͳ~`C~9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHuh+(,*,,,\,^,`,d,f,h,j,l,,,2-4-6-f-h-j-n-p-r-t-v--˱˔ycy_y˱Bycy_9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHuh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsHu--*.,...^.`.b.f.h.j.l.n....V/X/Z//éÌyc_Aé;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH u$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsHujh>q U//////////000 1 1111111N1P1L2N2P2ȵȭu__Bȵȭu_9j}h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHuP222222222223334444444 4T4V4444ͳ~`C~`9joh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu44444444444$5&5(5X5Z5\5`5b5d5f5h555555ͳ~`C~`9jah hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu4f5 6778B9::p;\<<= >??@6AABBBBB,C7dxx`7gdRJ$dxxa$gdRJ dxxgdRJZ f# Y f# 555666 6 66B6D6F6J6666 7ͳ~`B`;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu 77777777R7T7V77777ȵȭuWAA*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*u;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsHuh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jSh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu777777778 8Z8\8^88888888888899ȵȭu__Bȵȭu_9jEh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9294969<9>9@9B9D9x9z999999ͳ~bD;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*u7h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphuh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu999999::6:8:b:d:f:::::::::::&;ȵȭu__Bȵȭu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9j7h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu&;(;,;.;0;`;b;d;j;l;n;p;r;;;s`XBX>Xh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu9j)h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsHuA jFh hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*u;<<<L<N<P<V<X<Z<\<^<<<<<<,=.=0=6=8=:=<=>=r=t=ͳ͖{e{a{ͳD{e{a{9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHuh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu8h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJaJmHnHphsH*ut====>>>>>> >">V>X>>>ͳ͖{e{a{C: jFh hh&i0JB*CJOJQJaJmHnHphuh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu8h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJaJmHnHphsH*u>>>>??? ? ????F?H?????ͳ͖{e{a{Cͳ;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu9j h hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu8h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJaJmHnHphsHu????????@@<@>@@@p@r@t@z@|@~@@@@@@@@ȵȭu__Bȵȭu_9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu@&A(A*A0A2A4A6A8AlAnAAAAAAAAAAAA BB@BBBDBͳ~`C~`9jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu;h hh&i0JB*CJOJQJ]aJmHnHphsH*uh>q +h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jxh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHuDBtBvBxB~BBBBBBBBͳfWH5$h hhXCJOJQJaJmH*sH*h hh:-CJOJQJaJh hh ^(CJOJQJaJ6jh hh>q 5CJOJQJU\aJmHnHu+h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHtH ujh>q U$h>qCJOJQJaJmHnHu3jh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu9jjh hh>q CJOJQJUaJmHnHu*h hh&iCJOJQJaJmHnHu BBBBB,CBCDCTDrDJEGH>H^Hիs^sM^9&$h hhk]CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhk]6CJOJQJaJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH*)h hh:-56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh:-CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh:-5CJOJQJmH*sH*&h hh:-56CJOJQJmH*sH*,h hh:-B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*%h hhrB*OJQJmH*phsH*%h hh:-B*OJQJmH*phsH*.h hhX5CJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*,CDCTDrDGH>HLIJBLMOOP4RS^U$xx-DM `a$gdk] $ dxx-DM `a$gdk]$7``-DM XD(YD(`7a$gdjU$7dxx`7a$gdRJ^HMNN\O^OOOOPPPPVQRSSST\U^UbUU,V>VZV^VVhYZZ0[[[[P]R]>ccؙ؂q_q#h hh:-5CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH*,h hh:-B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*(h hhk]@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhk]6CJOJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhk]CJOJQJ]_H aJmH*sH*$h hhk]CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhk]CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*%^U^VVXXhYZZ[[\t\R]]d^^V_n``fa$7dxx`7a$gdRJ7dxx`7gdRJ$ dxx`a$gdk]$ xx`a$gdk]$d``XD(YD(`a$gdjUfabNbb>ccdNd6fgiitk^l mrssttu$xny7`7gdRJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJcccddd$dLdNd2f6fggiiiipktkZl^l mmmҾp_N_N_p=N=N=p h hh:-CJOJQJmHsH h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH sH #h hh:-6CJOJQJmHsH#h hh:-6CJOJQJmH*sH*)h hh:-56CJOJQJ]mH*sH*)h hh:-56CJOJQJ]mHsH&h hh:-56CJOJQJmH sH &h hh:-56CJOJQJmH*sH*2h hh:-5B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*m:mrsssssttpuxu x(xnypyzzz {${4{{{{{p|t|}}b~d~ʹʥʹ۹ʹʹʹʹmmʹmʹʹʹ#h hh:-CJOJQJ]mH*sH*#h hh:-CJOJQJ]mHsH&h hh:-56CJOJQJmHsH&h hh:-56CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmHsH#h hh:-6CJOJQJmH*sH*#h hh:-6CJOJQJmHsH*nyz{p|}b~Z"|Ɔ҇܉D R.DJbؗ\$7dxx`7a$gdRJd~\^$&|ĆƆ܉މ@ .<BDHFN^fؗZ\` ʶʤޤމޤʤwfffffwfff h hh:-CJOJQJmH sH #h hh:-6CJOJQJmH sH h hh:-CJOJQJh hh:-6CJOJQJ#h hh:-6CJOJQJmH*sH*&h hh:-56CJOJQJmH sH &h hh:-56CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmHsH(hΤ(R\<fl>*N~7`7gdRJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJfhlʤҤ&(,ީNVZ\<fl̺̺ޣuucOO&h hh:-6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh:-CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh:-56CJOJQJmH*sH*2h hh:-5B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*,h hh:-B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*#h hh:-6CJOJQJmH sH #h hh:-6CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH sH h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH*>*N~lp02b޻\^LLNɝzh#h hhACJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hhrCJOJQJ\mH*sH* h hh6iCJOJQJmH*sH*,h hh:-B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hh:-56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh:-CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh:-6CJOJQJ\mH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH*!~2b^Lb6&gdRJ dxxgdRJ7`7gdRJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJB`bʹʹ|eK6)h hh:-56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*2h hh:-5B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*,h hh:-B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*&h hh:-5CJOJQJ\mH*sH*+h hh:-5B*OJQJ\mH*phsH*%h hh:-B*OJQJmH*phsH* h hh:-CJOJQJmH*sH* h hh:-CJOJQJmHsH#h hhrCJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hhs-CJOJQJ\mH*sH* 0B0"$v BF$ññÝÈsaJÝÝÝÝ,h hh:-B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*#h hhrCJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhl+56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hh:-56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh:-6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh:-CJOJQJ\mHsH#h hh:-CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hh:-6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh:-6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*v |$  $|\"$&*'*$7dxx`7a$gdiJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJ7`7gdRJ$~Ph  z|Z\&*'h405ڳڡyeOڳ8,h hh:-B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH**h hh:-56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhiJ5CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hh|t/5CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hh:-5CJOJQJaJmH*sH*#h hhiJCJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hh:-56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh~/CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh:-CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh:-6CJOJQJ\mH*sH**/h425$6<?@DHKtKxP TWdXZ\^deiLm&n$7dPP`7a$gdL$7dxx`7a$gdiJ7`7gdRJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJ05256585$6?@KtKWdXdeLm&n8tDu,  ѼѪѪѪѪѪѪr^I(h hhRJB*OJQJ]mH*phsH*&h hhRJ5CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hhCJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh:-5CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hhiJCJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh:-CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhiJ56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hh:-56CJOJQJ\mH*sH*2h hh:-5B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*&nVoq8tDu\vdy| ,  7`7gdRJ$a$gdRJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJ$7dPP`7a$gdLv`zԌ08ֿ|h|S|h?+h|&h hh&%.CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhbCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh&%.6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhRJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhRJ6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh&%.56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhRJ56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhRJB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hhRJ5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h-hRJB*OJQJ]mH*phsH*v`Ԏ0xN4,|ܦ V$dxx`a$gdV$7dxx`7a$gd'$7dxx`7a$gdRJ8:x&*,.>DLXvxz|ppp[F1)h hhRJ5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh'6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhs-6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhb6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhs-CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh9 CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh'F,CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhRJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhRJ6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh'F,6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*ܦRT.2^`bf:<>@ToZEZoZEZoZ(h hhiCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hh'F,CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhm<CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*'h hh@@kCJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*'h hhm<CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*&h hh@@kCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhRJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhRJ6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhRJ56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*V.b>fԹhֽ$P:$7dZZ`7a$gd$7dZZ`7a$gd3|$7dZZ`7a$gdq$7dZZ`7a$gdm<$7dxx`7a$gdRJTV$&LNPjjT?(h hh3|CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hh3|CJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*(h hhqCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhm<CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hh@@kCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*+h hhm<CJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*(h hh'F,CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*)h hh'6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhs-6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*PT68:<>@<&VXZ:<֬kVVVVA)h hhWF6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hhWFCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hh@@kCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*+h hhCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*)h hh6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhs-6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hhiCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hh3|CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*Z@Fd,4p$7dxx`7a$gdRJ$7dZZ`7a$gdDU$7dZZ`7a$gdg$ 7dZZa$gdg$7dZZ`7a$gdWF<>@BDH|~BDFJՁlWB)h hhs-6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hhDUCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhiCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhn0CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhjCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhgCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hh'CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhWFCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*)h hhWF6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*`bd&(*,lWA+h hhDUCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*(h hhiCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhn0CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhjCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhgCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhDUCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hh'CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*)h hhs-6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh3|6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*02lnԿԪԪԕjԪԕVB&h hhjCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhRJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*+h hhDUCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*)h hhDU6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhs-6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hhiCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhn0CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhDUCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhjCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*npt 02|~ DX*4­ƒlUl>l,h hhRJB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*,h hhl+56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhRJ56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhRJ6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh3|6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhsk6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hhgCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhiCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*&h hhRJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*p f*  82X7`7gdRJ$7dxx`7a$gdRJ$7dZZ`7a$gd3|48X"#,,p11B277D8F8H8b8AA*BB@BBBvBCCGG>H@HNƲƲƲƲƲƲƲƲs_ƲƲƲ&h hhcCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhHkCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhRJ56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhRJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhRJ6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*h hhaCJaJmH*sH**h hha56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*%| "#),,20p11B2z677H89BBCGBHMNO~P$7dxx`7a$gdRJNNzP|P~PPVRXRUU0VV0^2^<`>`?NCDjE^FJN RRJXY^__`$7dxx`7a$gddl)J)h),/@0;;d<f< RR^__`"e&fghiiiijj^kbkkkkkllllmmmm>n@nnnnԄnnnnnnnnnnnn*h&i h&i CJOJPJQJ\]mH*sH*&h&i h&i CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhDCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdl6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdl56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*+`"e&fghFjHmLosbunvyy8z\z{8}}Rvރ*07`7gddl$7dxx`7a$gd&i $7dxx`7a$gddlnnnnooooppDqFqqqrr&r(r ssbulvyy8z\z{{R0n8:dxZ\bVk&h hhb CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdl56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdlB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h&i h&i CJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h&i h&i CJOJPJQJ\]mH*sH**0n:(dxtĢ*x^Lܳb V7`7gddl$7dxx`7a$gddlV>D|08` Px&^&~&( (һҧһҧ~ҧiYh hh1OJQJ]mH*sH*)h hhdl5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhzCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhl+56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdl56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdlB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*"|08^` zB Px$7dxx`7a$gddlx(^!^&`&~&&P'("((( )j)B.b00$7dxx`7a$gd.@.B..ƯoZEo2$h hh==>JAB^DHFGjHIKLOORSjTU$7dxx`7a$gddld;p;N=^=== >>,?B?B&BFFHHHH.I>IJJKLNN"O,O@hjR\np24*,~JTrددد؛ددد؇د؛د&h hh HCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh!CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh=TCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhmCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,@jp4,t2>ԗ*nVƜĝ@Ÿ7`7gdm$7dxx`7a$gdm$7dxx`7a$gd= E$7dxx`7a$gddlrtԑޑԗ*nr@RVڜ Lnxխ阄pp\ՄHՄ\\p&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh\CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh= ECJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhq5PCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh!CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdl56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*ĝ *<ŸƟİİĈt_J7$h hhmCJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhq5P0J^CJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhm0J^CJOJQJaJmH*sH*&h hhc?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh\CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdl6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhX2CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*4lnpġ"P̮İ؜nYYYIIInh hhdlCJOJQJ\])h hhdl6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdl56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdlB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*&h hh= ECJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhq5PCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhmCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*pġ<$4PЮ8>2N7`7gddl$7dxx`7a$gddl0LNBprvxX^` ֖~gS'h hh56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*,h hh/56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*.h hh/56@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*&h hhEtCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhdl56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*BrxZ` >$ 77dxx1$7$8$`7a$gd5$ J7dxx1$7$8$`7a$gd5$7dxx`7a$gddl  ,:įp\H3(h hh_B*OJQJ]mH*phsH*&h hh1CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhdlCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhdl5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh6d5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hh5CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hh5@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hh5@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hh56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hh5CJOJQJaJmH*sH* Z H*4>" $7`7a$gd $7dxx`7a$gd_$a$gd_$7dxx`7a$gddl$7dxx`7a$gddl VF!B"'(EFNIRIPJNTPTU6]:]"_\d^d@fkkjmb{{d~f~j~x~~~ӼӼӨ~i~(h hh_B*OJQJ]mHphsH(h hh_B*OJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hh_5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*%"V@ ."F.d!D"b#^%'(l*-03(67`7gd_$7dxx`7a$gd_(6N78;=\?@4BEFNIPJNTU6]"_\d@fkjmvNxd{f{{$7dxx`7a$gd_7`7gd_$7dxx`7a$gd_{Z|}}d~f~j~~~p؁(0nڏ 7dx`7gdmgdm $dxa$gdm$7dxx`7a$gd_~~pց؁ځǰr^r^I7#h hh$CJOJQJ\mHsH)h hh_>*CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*h hhmmH*sH*f~&(*RV.0B^pt֏ڏ܏lr4<ln|دăl,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh$CJOJQJ\]mHsH*ndZʠdlصHDF*JD,7`7gd_$7dxx`7a$gd_|$D br4VXZ\^(HƠȠʠ̠Πbd֭֭™­֭֭֭,h hh_B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*&h hh CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH.jlʦ̦ήҽ{fRR=RR)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh(pi56CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_5CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*,h hh@>B*CJOJQJ]mHphsHήЮدگԵֵصܸܵ޸@DFHBDHBDF&*0įؚlW)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_>*CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh[CJOJQJ\]mHsH"0RHJ:<DFBD(0,.0دllWدد)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_5CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh[CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,.(`zV6fhL $dxa$gdm$7dxx`7a$gd_7`7gd_$7dxx`7a$gd_&(\^`bxzV46fl­jjS;j/h hh_6B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*,h hh_B*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_>*CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_>*CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*ln$BbfLNҾkVk(h hh_B*OJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hh_5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_>*CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh #56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*LN.>d NH !f"$7dxx`7a$gd_$7dx`7a$gd[$7dxx`7a$gdmN.<>L RTҾғ~iTiTi@@@&h hhv),CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hhTs6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_B*CJOJQJ]mHphsHbdh LNZZ\DFJ   !îîîؚ؆؆؆؆&h hhk|CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhv),CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*-!f"t"8#<#n&r& ) )<*H*Z*\*******+0+0d1j1f2h2j23355~55H6L66ԿԿԿomYԿ&h hhv),CJOJQJ\]mHsHU&h hhsCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhsCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH"f":#p& )<**h1j2~5J679:<=@0CCFIZJJOOPPR $7`7a$gdp$7dxx`7a$gd_ v gi nc ca dn tc ta. T t tng ca Ch tch H Ch Minh v xy dng lc lng vi trang v thc tin xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn Vit Nam trong my chc nm qua. - Ni dung: T lc t cng da vo sc mnh  xy dng,  gi vng tnh c lp t ch, ch ng khng b chi phi rng buc. Nng cao tinh thn trch nhim, khc phc mi kh khn xy dng n v vng mnh ton din. Trit  tranh th nhng iu kin quc t thun li v khoa hc - cng ngh  xy dng v pht trin lc lng vi trang nhn dn. Tp trung tng bc hin i ho trang b k thut qun l khai thc bo qun c hiu qu trang b hin c& . Tch cc y mnh pht trin kinh t v thc hnh tit kim. 1.3.3. Xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn ly cht lng l chnh, ly xy dng chnh tr lm c s - C s: Xut pht t l lun Mc-Lnin v mi quan h gia s v cht lng, truyn thng xy dng lc lng vi trang ca ng cha ta, t i hi yu cu cao ca nhim v i vi lc lng vi trang nhn dn. T thc tin xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn, ng ta lun coi trng xy dng cht lng, ly cht lng chnh tr lm c s& .Do  lc lng vi trang nhn dn ca ta hon thnh tt nhim v ng nh nc giao cho. T s chng ph ca k th trong chin lc  Din bin ho bnh ,bo lon lt  nhm phi chnh tr ho qun i, cng an. - Ni dung: Nm vng v gii quyt tt mi quan h gia s lng v cht lng.Nng cao cht lng l chnh, ng thi c s lng ph hp vi tnh hnh nhim v v kh nng kinh t ca t nc. Phi c c cu hp l gia cc th qun, gia lc lng thng trc vi lc lng d b ng vin. Thng xuyn lm tt cng tc hun luyn, din tp  nng cao trnh  sn sng chin u ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn. Xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn c cht lng ton din c v chnh tr, t tng, t chc. V chnh tr phi thng xuyn lm tt cng tc qun trit, gio dc cho cn b, chin s) trong lc lng vi trang nhn dn nhn dn tin tng vo ng li quan im ca ng, chnh sch ca Nh nc. Tin tng tuyt i, t gic chp hnh nghim mi ng li, ch trng chnh sch php lut. Chm lo xy dng, cng c cc t chc chnh tr trong lc lng vi trang nhn dn nhn dn vng mnh (t chc ng, on thanh nin, hi ng qun nhn& ). Chm lo xy dng c quan chnh tr vng mnh, i ngi cn b chnh tr, ng vin c phm cht nng lc tt  sc lnh o n v. 1.3.4. Bo m lc lng vi trang nhn dn lun trong t th sn sng chin u v chin u thng li - C s: y l quan im phn nh chc nng, nhim v ch yu c bn, thng xuyn ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn nhn dn, c ngh)a quan trng bo m cho lc lng vi trang nhn dn ch ng i ph kp thi v thng li mi tnh hung c th xy ra. T thc tin trong 2 cuc khng chin chng Php, chng M. T m mu th on ca k th v cc th lc th ch& - Ni dung: Lc lng vi trang nhn dn phi lun trong t th sn sng chin u, nh ch kp thi, bo v c mnh, hon thnh tt nhim v trong mi tnh hung, khng  bt ng v chin lc, chin dch, chin thut. Thng xuyn nu cao tinh thn cnh gic cch mng. Xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn vng mnh v mi mt, duy tr v chp hnh nghim cc ch , qui nh v sn sng chin u, trc ban, trc chin, trc ch huy 2. Phng hng xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn trong giai on mi Phng hng chung: Trn c s nh gi khch quan, khoa hc tnh hnh th gii, khu vc v xut pht t yu cu cao ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc, i hi i biu ton quc ln th XII ca ng tip tc xc nh: "Tp trung xy dng lc lng qun i, cng an c bn l)nh chnh tr vng vng, lng trung thnh tuyt i vi ng, T quc v nhn dn. Vi t chc, bin ch, mc tng u t ngn sch hp l,  sc hon thnh nhim v trc tip bo v T quc trong tnh hnh mi". y l c s  xc nh phng hng xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn trong thi k mi. 2.1. Xy dng lc lng vi trang cch mng L vn  c bn hng u trong nhim v xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn ca ng trong mi giai on cch mng. Ni dung: - Xy dng bn cht giai cp cng nhn cho lc lng vi trang nhn dn, lm cho lc lng ny tuyt i trung thnh vi ng vi T quc vi nhn dn; - Chp hnh mi ng li ca ng, chnh sch ca Nh nc; - Kin nh mc tiu l tng x hi ch ngh)a, vng vng trc mi kh khn th thch, hon thnh tt mi nhim v c giao; - Trc din bin tnh hnh phi phn bit c ng sai; - C tinh thn on kt qun dn, on kt ni b on kt quc t tt; - K lut t gic nghim minh, dn ch rng ri& . 2.2. Chnh quy L thc hin thng nht v mi mt, da trn nhng ch , iu lnh quy nh, a mi hot ng ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn vo n np. Nhm thng nht ch v hnh ng v chnh tr, t tng v t chc ca mi qun nhn,  tng cng sc mnh chin u tng hp ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn. Ni dung: -Thng nht v bn cht cch mng mc tiu chin u, v ch quyt tm, nguyn tc xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn, v t chc bin ch trang b; -Thng nht v quan im t tng qun s, ngh thut qun s, v phng php hun luyn gio dc; -Thng nht v t chc thc hin chc trch n np ch  chnh quy, v qun l lc lng vi trang nhn dn, qun l vi kh trang b. 2.3. Tinh nhu Biu hin mi hot ng ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn trn cc l)nh vc t hiu qu cao. Ni dung: - Tinh nhu v chnh tr: ng trc din bin ca tnh hnh, c kh nng phn tch v kt lun chnh xc ng sai t  c thi  ng n vi s vic ; - Tinh nhu v t chc: T chc gn nh nhng vn p ng c yu cu nhim v c giao; - Tinh nhu v k chin thut: Phi gii s dng cc loi binh kh k thut hin c, bit s dng trang b vi kh hin i. Gii cc cch nh, vn dng mu tr sng to cc hnh thc chin thut... 2.4. Tng bc hin i i i vi chnh quy, tinh nhu phi tip tc tng bc hin i ha lc lng vi trang nhn dn v vi kh trang b. Hin i ha l mt tt yu, nhm nng cao sc mnh chin u ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn ta. Ni dung: - Tng bc i mi vi kh, trang b k thut cho lc lng vi trang nhn dn. u t vi kh trang b ng b, c trng tm trng im, khng dn tri; - Xy dng rn luyn lc lng vi trang nhn dn c bn l)nh tr tu v nng lc hnh ng, p ng yu cu tc chin hin i; - Pht trin cc qun binh chng k thut. C ngh thut qun s hin i, khoa hc qun s hin i hin i, c h thng cng nghip quc phng hin i& ,bo m cho lc lng vi trang nhn dn hot ng trong mi iu kin chin tranh hin i; Nhng ni dung trn l c mt qu trnh phn u lu di mi t c, hin nay ta phi thc hin bc i: "tng bc" ngh)a l phi dn dn bng kh nng ca nn kinh t v trnh  khoa hc ca t nc. Qu trnh hin i ha lc lng vi trang nhn dn phi gn vi qu trnh cng nghip ho - hin i ho t nc, vi tng bc pht trin cng nghip quc phng, sn xut mi kt hp phc hi sa cha ci tin vi kh trang b hin c. 3. Nhng bin php ch yu xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn - T chc cc n v phi gn, mnh, c ng; c sc chin u cao. C s lng ph hp, cht lng tt; ph hp vi tnh hnh c th  tng a phng, khu vc v th trn c nc; - Nng cao cht lng hun luyn qun s, gio dc chnh tr, xy dng v pht trin khoa hc qun s, khoa hc cng an; - Tng bc gii quyt yu cu v vi kh, trang b k thut ca lc lng vi trang nhn dn; - Xy dng i ngi cn b lc lng vi trang nhn dn c phm cht, nng lc tt; - Thc hin nghim tc v y  cc chnh sch ca ng, Nh nc i vi lc lng vi trang nhn dn. CU HI N TP 1. Nu khi nim lc lng vi trang nhn dn Vit Nam? 2. Trnh by nguyn tc xy dng lc lng vi trang nhn dn hin nay? 3. Phng hng xy dnglc lng vi trang nhn dn trong tnh hnh hin nay? BI 10: KT HP PHT TRIN KINH T - X HI VI TNG CNG, CNG C QUC PHNG V AN NINH 1. C s l lun v thc tin ca vic kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh  Vit Nam 1.1. C s l lun ca s kt hp Kinh t - x hi, quc phng v an ninh l nhng mt hot ng c bn ca mi quc gia, dn tc c lp c ch quyn. Mi l)nh vc c mc ch, cch thc hot ng ring v chu s chi phi ca h thng quy lut ring, song gia chng li c mi quan h, tc ng qua li ln nhau. Trong , kinh t l yu t suy cho n cng quyt nh n quc phng v an ninh; ngc li, quc phng v an ninh cing c tc ng tch cc tr li vi kinh t, bo v v to iu kin thc y kinh t pht trin. Kinh t quyt nh n ngun gc ra i, bn cht ca quc phng v an ninh. Li ch kinh t, suy cho n cng l nguyn nhn lm ny sinh cc mu thun v xung t x hi.  gii quyt mu thun , phi c hot ng quc phng v an ninh. Bn cht ca ch  kinh t quyt nh n bn cht ca quc phng v an ninh. Xy dng sc mnh quc phng v an ninh v mc ch bo v v em li li ch cho mi thnh vin trong x hi l do bn cht ca ch  x hi, x hi ch ngh)a quy nh; cn tng cng sc mnh quc phng v an ninh v mc ch bo v li ch cho giai cp t sn cm quyn, thc hin chin tranh xm lc l do bn cht ca ch  kinh t t bn ch ngh)a quyt nh. Kinh t cn quyt nh n vic cung cp c s vt cht k thut, nhn lc cho hot ng quc phng, an ninh. Ph.ngghen  khng nh:  Khng c g ph thuc vo kinh t tin quyt hn l chnh qun i v hm i ;  Thng li hay tht bi ca chin tranh u ph thuc vo iu kin kinh t... . V vy,  xy dng quc phng v an ninh vng mnh phi xy dng, pht trin kinh t. Kinh t cn quyt nh n vic cung cp s lng, cht lng ngun nhn lc cho quc phng v an ninh, qua  quyt nh n t chc bin ch ca lc lng vi trang; quyt nh n ng li chin lc quc phng v an ninh.  xy dng chin lc quc phng v an ninh quc gia ca mi nc, phi cn c vo nhiu yu t, trong  t chc bin ch ca lc lng vi trang v vo trang b vi kh k thut hin c l cn c c bit quan trng. Nhng yu t ny u ph thuc vo nn kinh t. Quc phng v an ninh khng ch ph thuc vo kinh t m cn tc ng tr li vi kinh t trn c gc  tch cc v tiu cc. Quc phng v an ninh vng mnh s to mi trng ho bnh, n nh lu di, to iu kin thun li cho pht trin kinh t. Qu trnh thc hin nhim v quc phng v an ninh trong thi bnh,  mc  nht nh cing c tc dng kch thch kinh t pht trin. Tiu dng cho hot ng quc phng v an ninh, mt mt t ra cho nn kinh t phi sn xut ra sn phm, hoc thng qua m rng quan h kinh t i ngoi  p ng nhu cu tiu dng ca n; mt khc s to ra th trng tiu th sn phm ca nn kinh t. Hot ng quc phng v an ninh tiu tn ng k mt phn ngun nhn lc, vt lc, ti chnh ca x hi. Nhng tiu dng ny, nh V.I.Lnin nh gi tiu dng  mt i , khng quay vo ti sn xut x hi. Do , s nh hng n tiu dng ca x hi, nh hng n s pht trin ca nn kinh t. Hot ng quc phng v an ninh (thng qua hc thuyt qun s, chin lc qun s quc phng v an ninh) cn nh hng n ng li pht trin kinh t, c cu kinh t. Hot ng quc phng v an ninh cn c th dn n hu hoi mi trng sinh thi,  li hu qu nng n cho kinh t, nht l khi chin tranh xy ra.  hn ch nhng tc ng tiu cc ny, phi kt hp tt cng c tng cng quc phng v an ninh vi pht trin kinh t - x hi vo mt chnh th thng nht. T s phn tch trn y cho thy, kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh l mt tt yu khch quan. Mi l)nh vc hot ng c ni dung, phng thc ring nhng li c s thng nht  mc ch chung, ci ny l iu kin tn ti ca ci kia v ngc li. Tuy nhin, cn phi nhn thc r mi l)nh vc c quy lut pht trin c th, do , vic kt hp phi c thc hin mt cch khoa hc, hp l, cn i v hi ha. 1.2. C s thc tin ca s kt hp Nhn vo tin trnh pht trin ca cc quc gia trn th gii chng ta thy, d l nc ln hay nc nh; kinh t pht trin hay cha pht trin; d ch  chnh tr nh th no th mi quc gia cing u chm lo thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh, k c nhng nc m hng trm nm nay cha c chin tranh. Tuy nhin, cc nc khc nhau, vi ch  chnh tr - x hi khc nhau, iu kin hon cnh khc nhau th s kt hp cing c s khc nhau v mc ch, ni dung, phng thc v kt qu. Ngay trong mt nc, trong mi giai on pht trin th s kt hp cing khc nhau.  Vit Nam, s kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh  c lch s lu di. Dng nc i i vi gi nc l quy lut sng cn ca dn tc ta. ng trc nguy c thng xuyn b e da, xm lc v thn tnh ca cc th lc th ch,  xy dng v pht trin t nc, ng cha ta  c nhng ch trng, k sch thc hin s kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh trong qu trnh dng nc v gi nc. Cc triu i phong kin Vit Nam lun ly li ch quc gia dn tc lm trng,  ra k sch gi nc vi t tng:  Nc ly dn lm gc ,  Dn giu, nc mnh ,  Quc ph binh cng ; thc hin  Khoan th sc dn lm k su r bn gc , chm lo xy dng khi i on kt dn tc   yn dn m  vn t . Thc hin k sch  Ng binh  nng ,  ng vi binh, t)nh vi dn  va pht trin kinh t, va tng cng sc mnh quc phng bo v T quc. Trong xy dng, pht trin kinh t,  s dng nhiu chnh sch nh khai hoang lp p  nhng ni xung yu   Phc binh sn, ph th gic d t xa; pht trin ngh th cng  va sn xut ra cc cng c sn xut, va sn xut ra cc vi kh, phng tin phc v cho ton dn nh gic; chm lo m mang ng s, o sng ngi, knh rch, xy p  iu  va pht trin kinh t, va to th trn nh gic, c ng lc lng trong chin tranh bo v T quc. T khi ng Cng sn Vit Nam ra i v lnh o cch mng, do nm vng quy lut v bit k tha kinh nghim ca lch s nn  thc hin s kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh mt cch nht qun vi nhng ch trng sng to, ph hp vi tng thi k ca cch mng. Trong cuc khng chin chng thc dn Php xm lc (1946 - 1954) ng ta  ra ch trng  Va khng chin, va kin quc ,  Va chin u, va tng gia sn xut, thc hnh tit kim ; va thc hin pht trin kinh t  a phng va tin hnh chin tranh nhn dn rng khp;  Xy dng lng khng chin , ch n th nh, ch lui ta li tng gia sn xut. Trong cuc khng chin chng M cu nc (1954 - 1975), kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh  c ng ta ch o thc hin  mi min vi ni dung v hnh thc thch hp.  min Bc,  bo v ch  x hi Ch ngh)a v xy dng hu phng ln cho min Nam nh gic, i hi ln th III ca ng   ra ch trng:  Trong xy dng kinh t, phi thu sut nhim v phc v quc phng, cing nh trong cng c quc phng phi kho sp xp cho n khp vi cng cuc xy dng kinh t . Theo tinh thn , min Bc  xy dng, pht trin ch  x hi mi, nn kinh t, vn ho mi, nng cao i sng mi mt ca nhn dn; ng thi kt hp cht ch vi chm lo cng c quc phng v an ninh vng mnh, nh thng chin tranh ph hoi ca  quc M, bo v vng chc min Bc x hi ch ngh)a v chi vin sc ngi, sc ca cho tin tuyn ln min Nam nh thng gic M xm lc.  min Nam, ng ch o qun v dn ta kt hp cht ch gia nh ch vi cng c m rng hu phng, xy dng cn c a min Nam vng mnh. y chnh l mt iu kin c bn bo m cho cch mng nc ta i n thng li.  thi k ny, chng ta phi tp trung cao  cho nhim v xy dng, bo v min Bc x hi ch ngh)a v gii phng min Nam, nn vic kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh c thc hin di nhiu hnh thc phong ph, sinh ng v thit thc,  to c sc mnh tng hp nh thng gic M xm lc v  li nhiu bi hc qu gi cho thi k sau. Thi k c nc c lp, thng nht v i ln ch ngh)a x hi (t 1975 n nay) kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh c ng ta khng nh l mt ni dung quan trng trong ng li xy dng v bo v T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a v c trin khai trn quy m rng ln, ton din hn. T nm 1986 n nay, vi t duy mi v kinh t, quc phng v an ninh, vic kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh trn phm vi c nc cing nh tng a phng, b, ban ngnh c bc chuyn bin c trong nhn thc v t chc thc hin,  thu c nhiu kt qu quan trng. Nh chnh sch nht qun v thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh chng ta  pht huy c mi tim nng cho xy dng v bo v T quc. Trong thi bnh, cng vi pht trin kinh t l chm lo cng c tim lc quc phng, th trn quc phng. Nh vy, khi t nc b xm lc chng ta  ng vin c  c nc ng lng, ton dn nh gic , kt hp sc mnh dn tc vi sc mnh thi i, to thnh sc mnh tng hp  chin thng k th. Do vy  gp phn gi gn v pht trin t nc cho n ngy nay. 2. Ni dung kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh vi i ngoi  nc ta hin nay 2.1. Kt hp trong xc nh chin lc pht trin kinh t- x hi Kt hp pht trin kinh t- x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh phi c th hin ngay trong vic xy dng chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi ca quc gia. S kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh trong chin lc pht trin kinh t c th hin trn mt s ni dung c bn sau: - Kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh phi c th hin ngay trong vic hoch nh mc tiu chin lc pht trin quc gia; - Kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh phi c th hin trong huy ng ngun lc; - Kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh phi c th hin trong la chn v thc hin cc gii php chin lc. 2.2. Kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh trong pht trin cc vng lnh th - Kt hp trong xy dng chin lc, quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t vi quc phng v an ninh ca vng, cing nh trn a bn tng tnh, thnh ph; - Kt hp trong qu trnh chuyn dch c cu kinh t vng, c cu kinh t a phng vi xy dng cc khu vc phng th then cht, cc cm chin u lin hon, cc x phng chin u trn a bn ca cc tnh, thnh ph, huyn, qun; - Kt hp trong qu trnh phn cng li lao ng ca vng, phn b li dn c vi t chc xy dng v iu chnh, sp xp b tr li lc lng quc phng v an ninh trn tng a bn, lnh th cho ph hp vi chin lc pht trin kinh t v k hoch phng th tc chin bo v T quc v tr an. Bo m  u c t, c bin, o l   c dn v c lc lng quc phng v an ninh  bo v c s, bo v T quc; - Kt hp u t xy dng c s h tng kinh t vi xy dng cc cng trnh quc phng, qun s, phng th dn s, thit b chin trng& . Bo m tnh  lng dng trong mi cng trnh c xy dng; - Kt hp xy dng cc c s, kinh t vng mnh ton din, rng khp vi xy dng cc cn c chin u, cn c hu cn, k thut v hu phng vng chc cho mi vng v  cc a phng  sn sng i ph khi c chin tranh xm lc. 2.3. Kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh trong cc ngnh, cc l)nh vc kinh t ch yu 2.3.1. Kt hp trong cng nghip, thng mi v dch v - u t, pht trin cc ngnh: C kh, luyn kim, in, nng lng mi, nng lng ti to, du kh, ha cht, vt liu n cng nghip, cng nghip khai thc m v ch bin khong sn, cng nghip tiu dng, cng nghip thc phm v cng nghip ch bin khc, thng mi v th trng trong nc; xut nhp khu, thng mi bin gii, ng tu va p ng nhu cu phttrin kinh t - x hi va m bo phc v quc phng khi c yu cu; - Cc c s cng nghiptrong thi bnh, ngoi vic u t, sn xut phc v tiu dng trong nc v xut khu, sn sng sn xut hng quc phng v chuyn giao cng ngh phc v cng nghip quc phng khi c yu cu; - Phttrin h thng thng mi, dch v a dng, ch trng khu vc bin gii, min ni, cc vng bin, hi o bo m cho sn xut, kinh doanh, to iu kin cho nhn dn n nh cuc sng. H thng dch v ca tng a phng c th chuyn thnh mt b phn h thng hu cn, k thut ti ch khi chuyn vo cc trng thi quc phng. 2.3.2. Kt hp trong nng nghip, lm nghip, ng nghip - Trong nng nghip: Khai thc c hiu qu tim nng t ai v lc lng lao ng  bo m an ninh lng thc; pht trin a dng cc ngnh ngh, gp phn xy dng tim lc kinh t - x hi trong thi bnh; sn sng m bo quc phng khi c tnh hung; - Trong lm nghip: Pht trintrng rng, khoanh nui v bo v rng, nh canh, nh c gn vi xy dng, btr lc lng quc phng, gp phn xy dng khuvc phng th, khu vc bin gii, ven bin, hi o; - Trong ng nghip: Pht trin cc loi hnh dch v trn bin, hi o, to iu kin cho ng dn bm tr, sn xut, sinh sng gn vi xy dng lc lng vi trang v th trn phng th trn bin, hi o, gp phn bo v ch quyn, quyn ch quyn v an ninh quc gia trn cc vng bin, hi o ca nc Cng hax hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam. 2.3.3. Kt hp trong giao thng vn ti - Pht trin h thng giao thng vn ti ng b, ng st, ng thy ni a, hng hi, hng khng, m bo kt ni giao thng gia cc vng, min, cc trung tm kinh t v cc tuyn vn ti chin lc trong khu vc phng th, to s lin hon, thng sut. Xy dng kt cu h tng giao thng ng b, hin i, c trng tm, trng im, p ng yu cu pht trin kinh t - x hi trong thi bnh v phc v quc phng trong thi chin; - Trong quy hoch pht trin vng phi bo m pht trin nng cp h thng cng, knh, rch, sng ngi, lung lch,  iu c sn thnh mng li giao thng ng thy, ng b lin vng lm c s  kt hp gia phng tin vn ti hin i vi phng tin vn ti ths, sn sng phc v quc phng khi c yu cu, chng chia ct trong mi tnh hung. 2.3.4. Kt hp trong thng tin v truyn thng - Xy dng h thng thng tin lin lc dn s kt hp cht ch vi h thng thng tin lin lc ca cc n v lc lng vi trang, doanh nghip quc phng, an ninh; kt hp gia phng tin thng tin lin lc hin i v ths  bo m thng tin kp thi, chnh xc, b mt, an ton, vng chc phc v lnh o, ch o, ch huy cc lc lng trong mi tnh hung; c gii php an ninh mng, an ton thng tin s cho h thng thng tin v c cc bin php chng tc chin in t, tc chin khng gian mng; - B, ngnh, a phng tng cng tuyn truyn, ph bin cc ni dung, hnh thc kt hp quc phng vi kinh t - x hi v kinh t x hi vi quc phng trn cc thng tin i chng, h thng thng tin c s v thng tin i ngoi. u tranh vi cc th lc th ch trn mt trn vn ha, thng tin, tuyn truyn. 2.3.5. Kt hp trong xy dng - Kt hp cht ch vi quc phng trong xy dng, ch to vt liu xy dng lng dng, nh  v cng s, kin trc, quy hoch xy dng  th, quy hoch xy dng nng thn, h tng k thut  th va m bo pht trin kinh t - x hi va m bo phc v quc phng khi c yu cu; - Khi xy dng cc cng trnh dn s phi m bo tnh lng dng, c bit l cc d n u t xy dng  a bn trng im v quc phng; vic kt hp phi c thc hin t kho st, quy hoch, k hoch, ly kin, thm nh v ph duyt d n; khng xy dng cc cng trnh xm phm khng lu, cc a hnh c gi tr v qun s, quc phng hoc lm nh hng, cn tr n cc phng n tc chin; - Trong xy dng cn u tin nghin cu, ch to pht trin nhng vt liu lng dng p ng yu cu quc phng  phc v cc cng trnh phng th, cng s trn a ca lc lng vi trang; xy dng v ci to cc hang ng t nhin phc v dn sinh gn vi phc v quc phng khi c tnh hung. 2.3.6. Kt hp trong u t, qun l kinh t Vic xy dng c ch, chnh sch qun l kinh t chung v mt s l)nh vc c th, chnh sch u t trong nc, u t ca nc ngoi vo Vit Nam v u t ca Vit Nam ra nc ngoi; xy dng khu kinh t, khu cng nghip, khu kinh t ca khu, khu cng ngh cao v cc loi hnh khu kinh t khc; qun l ngun h tr pht trin chnh thc (ODA), vin tr phi chnh ph nc ngoi; u thu; thnh lp, pht trin doanh nghip v khu vc kinh t tp th, hp tc x phi bo m yu cu v quc phng. 2.3.7. Kt hp trong gio dc v lao ng - thng binh v x hi - Cng tc o to, bi dng ngun nhn lc p ng yu cu pht trin kinh t, vn ha, x hi ca a phng v sn sng phc v quc phng, trng tm l cn b, nhn vin chuyn mn k thut gii  cc ngnh ngh sn sng phc v quc phng; - Vic qun l pht trin lc lng lao ng, vic lm, an ton, v sinh lao ng, o to dy ngh phi gn vi chnh sch thng binh, lit s), ngi c cng v bo tr x hi. 2.3.8. Kt hp trong khoa hc v cng ngh - Hot ng khoa hc v cng ngh; pht trin tim lc khoa hc v cng ngh; s hu tr tu; tiu chun o lng cht lng; nng lng nguyn t,an ton bc x ht nhn, tr tu nhn to, phc v dn sinh phi gn vi cc ngnh khoa hc v cng ngh ca quc phng; - ng dng cc thnh tu khoa hc cng ngh qun s v cng nghip quc phng phc v cho nn kinh t quc dn v ngc li, kt ni tng cng sc mnh cho nn kinh t, khuyn khch lin doanh, lin kt vi cc t chc trong nc v nc ngoi, to iu kin thc y pht trin kinh t, hc tp kinh nghim quc t trong l)nh vc ny. 2.3.9. Kt hp trong y t Phi hp cht ch gia y t dn s vi y t qun s trong nghin cu, ng dng, o to ngun nhn lc, trong khm cha bnh; xy dng m hnh qun - dn y kt hp trn cc a bn, c bit  vng su, vng xa, bin gii, hi o. Cp tnh, huyn ngoi cc bnh vin c b tr theo cm dn c, phi t chc cc i y t c ng theo k hoch tc chin, p ng yu cu chm sc sc khenhn dntrong thi bnh, ng thi sn sng phc v nhim v quc phng khi c tnh hung. 2.3.10. Kt hp trong qun l ti nguyn v mi trng Vic qun l, s dng t ai; khai thc khong sn, ti nguyn nc, ti nguyn rng; qun l ti nguyn, mi trng, bo v ch quyn bin, o v thm lc a; hot ng kh tng thy vn, ng ph vi bin i kh hu, nc bin dng, sa mc ha; o c bn , vin thm, phn gii cm mc; khc phc, x l cht c da cam/dioxin, bom, mn, vt liu n tn d sau chin tranh phi bo m cc yu cu quc phng. 2.3.11. Cc ngnh, l)nh vc khc Khi xy dng, trin khai quy hoch, k hoch, chin lc, d n pht trin kinh t - x hi phi m bo sn sng phc v quc phng khi c yu cu; ng thi c phng n s tn, phn tn n ni an ton  bo m sn xut khi c tnh hung quc phng, an ninh; sn phm ca cc ngnh, l)nh vc va p ng phc v nhu cu dn sinh thi bnh v sn sng p ng yu cu quc phng khi c tnh hung. 2.4. Kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh trong thc hin nhim v chin lc bo v T quc - T chc bin ch v b tr lc lng vi trang phi ph hp vi iu kin kinh t v nhu cu phng th t nc; - S dng tit kim, hiu qu nhn lc, ti chnh, c s vt cht k thut trong hun luyn, chin u v sn sng chin u ca lc lng vi trang; - Khai thc c hiu qu tim nng, th mnh ca qun i, cng an cho pht trin kinh t. Xy dng, pht trin cc khu kinh t quc phng, cc khu quc phng kinh t trn cc a bn min ni bin gii, gip  nhn dn a phng n nh sn xut, i sng, pht trin kinh t, cng c quc phng v an ninh trn a bn. Tn dng kh nng ca cng nghip quc phng trong thi bnh  sn xut hng ho dn s phc v dn sinh v xut khu. Thnh lp cc t, i cng tc trn tng l)nh vc a v gip  cc x vng su, vng xa, vng cn c cch mng ci pht trin kinh t, quc phng v an ninh& ; - Pht huy tt vai tr tham mu ca cc c quan qun s, cng an cc cp trong vic thm nh, nh gi cc d n u t, nht l cc d n u t c vn nc ngoi. 2.5. Kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh trong hot ng i ngoi - M rng hot ng i ngoi phi qun trit v thc hin tt nguyn tc bnh ng, cng c li, tn trng c lp, ch quyn v khng can thip vo cng vic ni b ca nhau; gi gn bn sc vn ho dn tc; gii quyt cc tranh chp bng thng lng ho bnh; - Trong l)nh vc kinh t i ngoi, phi kt hp t khu la chn i tc lm n. Phi la chn c i tc c u th ch ng cnh tranh vi cc th lc mnh bn ngoi, lm hn ch s chng ph ca cc th lc th ch; - Kt hp trong vic phn b u t vo ngnh no, a bn no c li cho pht trin kinh t, bo m quc phng v an ninh ca quc gia. Khc phc tnh trng ch thy li ch kinh t trc mt m khng tnh n li ch lu di v nhim v bo v T quc; - Kt hp trong xy dng v qun l cc khu ch xut, cc c khu kinh t lin doanh, lin kt u t vi nc ngoi, bo v ch quyn an ninh t nc, Ch trng xy dng cc on hi, lc lng t v trn c s Nh nc c lut php quy nh r rng. ng thi phi ch trng bi dng thc t tn dn tc, tinh thn cnh gic u tranh bo v c lp ch quyn, an ninh quc gia cho cn b, nhn vin l ngi Vit Nam lm vic trong cc c s i ngoi v kinh t i ngoi; - Pht huy vai tr ca cn b, nhn vin cc i s qun, lnh s qun ca nc ta  nc ngoi trong vic qung b sn phm hng ho, truyn thng Vit Nam; ng thi nm vng ng li i ngoi, ng li qun s ca nc ngoi cung cp tnh hnh gip ng, Nh nc hoch nh chnh sch i ngoi ng n. 3. Mt s gii php ch yu thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh  Vit Nam hin nay 3.1. Tng cng s lnh o ca ng v hiu lc qun l nh nc ca chnh quyn cc cp trong thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh Vai tr lnh o ca cc cp u ng: - Thng xuyn nm vng ch trng ng li ca ng, kp thi  ra nhng quyt nh lnh o ngnh, a phng mnh, thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh mt cch ng n, thng xuyn; - Gn ch trng lnh o vi tng cng kim tra vic thc hin ca chnh quyn, on th, cc t chc kinh t thc hin ch trng ng li v kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh; - T chc tt vic s kt, tng kt rt kinh nghim kp thi  b sung ch trng v ch o thc tin thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh  ngnh, a phng thuc phm vi lnh o ca cc cp u ng.  nng cao hiu lc qun l nh nc ca chnh quyn cc cp trong kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh phi: - Tng cp phi lm ng chc nng, nhim v theo quy nh ca php lut v Ngh nh 164/2018/N-CP ca Chnh ph v  kt hp quc phng vi kinh t - x hi v kinh t - x hi vi quc phng  ban hnh ngy 21/12/2018; - Xy dng v ch o thc hin cc quy hoch, k hoch kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh  ngnh, b, a phng c s ca mnh di hn v hng nm; - i mi nng cao quy trnh, phng php qun l, iu hnh ca chnh quyn cc cp t khu lp quy hoch, k hoch, nm tnh hnh, thu thp x l thng tin, nh hng hot ng, t chc hng dn ch o cp di v kim tra  mi khu, mi bc ca qu trnh thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh  ngnh, a phng mnh. 3.2. Bi dng nng cao kin thc, kinh nghim kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh cho cc i tng y l gii php quan trng hng u v ang l i hi cp thit i vi cn b v nhn dn c nc ta hin nay - i tng bi dng: phi ph cp kin thc quc phng cho ton dn nhng trc ht phi tp trung vo i ngi cn b ch tr cc cp, cc b, ngnh, on th t Trung ng n a phng, c s. - Ni dung bi dng: phi cn c vo i tng, yu cu nhim v t ra  chn la ni dung, chng trnh bi dng cho ph hp v thit thc nhm nng cao c kin thc, kinh nghim v nng lc thc tin st vi cng v m nhim vi tng loi i tng v qun chng nhn dn. - Hnh thc bi dng: phi kt hp bi dng ti trng vi ti chc, kt hp l thuyt vi thc hnh. Thng qua sinh hot chnh tr, qua cc cuc din tp thc nghim, thc t  cc b, ngnh, a phng c s  nng cao hon thin s hiu bit v nng lc t chc thc hin ca i ngi cn b v ca ton dn, ton qun v kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh trong tnh hnh mi. 3.3. Xy dng chin lc tng th kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh trong thi k mi Thc tin cho thy, s vn dng tnh quy lut kinh t, quc phng v an ninh v qun trit quan im kt hp ca ng   ra cn nhiu mu thun v bt cp do thiu nh hng chin lc c bn c  tm v) m v vi m. V vy, mun kt hp ngay t u v trong sut qu trnh y mnh cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc mt cch c bn v thng nht trn phm vi c nc v tng a phng, phi tip tc xy dng v hon chnh cc quy hoch v k hoch chin lc tng th quc gia v kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh; - Trong xy dng quy hoch, k hoch chin lc tng th v kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh v i ngoi trong thi k mi, phi c s phi hp ng b gia cc b, ngnh, a phng t khu kho st, nh gi cc ngun lc (c bn trong v bn ngoi) cho pht trin kinh t v cng c, tng cng quc phng v an ninh. Trn c s  xc nh mc tiu, phng hng pht trin v  ra cc chnh sch ng n, nh: chnh sch khai thc cc ngun lc; chnh sch u t v phn b u t; chnh sch iu ng nhn lc, b tr dn c; chnh sch u i khoa hc v cng ngh lng dng& . 3.4. Hon chnh h thng php lut, c ch chnh sch c lin quan n thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh trong tnh hnh mi Mi ch trng ng li chnh sch ca ng v Nh nc ta c lin quan n kt hp xy dng t nc v bo v T quc, kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh u phi c th ch ho thnh lut php, php lnh, ngh nh, vn bn di lut mt cch ng b, thng nht  qun l v t chc thc hin nghim tc c hiu lc v hiu qu trong c nc. - ng v Nh nc phi c chnh sch khai thc cc ngun lc v vn u t c trong v ngoi nc  thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh; nht l i vi cc cng trnh trng im,  nhng a bn chin lc trng yu nh min ni bin gii v hi o; - Vic xc lp c ch chnh sch, bo m ngn sch cho kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh cn c xy dng theo quan im quc phng ton dn, an ninh nhn dn. Cc ngnh, cc cp, cc c s sn xut kinh doanh thuc mi thnh phn kinh t, cc on th x hi u phi c ngh)a v chm lo cho s nghip xy dng t nc cing nh s nghip bo v T quc. Vic phn b ngn sch u t cho kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi gn vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh phi theo hng tp trung cho nhng mc tiu ch yu, nhng cng trnh c tnh lng dng cao p ng c cho pht trin kinh t v cng c quc phng c trc mt v lu di; - Phi c chnh sch khuyn khch li ch vt cht v tinh thn i vi cc t chc, c nhn, cc nh u t (c trong v ngoi nc) c cc  ti khoa hc, cc d n cng ngh sn xut, xy dng c ngh)a lng dng ho cao phc v s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc x hi ch ngh)a trong thi k mi. 3.5. Cng c kin ton v pht huy vai tr tham mu ca c quan chuyn trch quc phng v an ninh cc cp - Nghin cu b sung m rng thm chc nng, nhim v ca cc c quan chuyn trch qun l nh nc v quc phng v an ninh ni chung v v kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi gn vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh ni ring trong thi k mi; - Kt hp cht ch gia chn chnh, kin ton t chc vi chm lo bi dng nng cao nng lc v trch nhim ca cc c quan v cn b chuyn trch lm tham mu cho ng, Nh nc v thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi gn vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh ngang tm vi nhim v trong thi k mi; - Kt hp pht trin kinh t vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh l mt tt yu khch quan, mt ni dung quan trng trong ng li pht trin t nc ca ng ta, nhm thc hin thng li hai nhim v chin lc: xy dng ch ngh)a x hi v bo v vng chc T quc Vit Nam x hi ch ngh)a; - Vic kt hp c thc hin trn tt c cc l)nh vc ca i sng kinh t v c s phi hp ca cc ngnh, cc cp, di s lnh o ca ng, qun l ca Nh nc, to nn sc mnh tng hp cho pht trin kinh t, cng c quc phng, an ninh.  thc hin tt vic kt hp, cn qun trit v thc hin ng b cc gii php, trong  phi qun trit su sc hai nhim v chin lc ca cch mng Vit Nam cho ton dn, nht l cho hc sinh, sinh vin nhng ngi quyt nh tng lai ca t nc. Qu trnh kt hp phi c trin khai c k hoch, c c ch chnh sch c th, cht ch, ng b. CU HI N TP 1. Phn tch tnh tt yu phi kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng, cng c quc phng v an ninh  nc ta hin nay? 2. Ni dung, phng thc kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh  nc ta hin nay? 3. Phn tch cc gii php ch yu thc hin kt hp pht trin kinh t - x hi vi tng cng cng c quc phng v an ninh  Vit Nam hin nay? BI 11: I NGh N V 1. i hnh tiu i 1.1 i hnh tiu i mt hng ngang - ngh)a:i hnh tiu i mt hng ngang thng dng trong hc tp, sinh hot, kim tra, kim im, khm sng, gi sng. i hnh tiu i 1 hng ngang thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp: + Khu lnh:  Tiu i, thnh mt hng ngang... tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh. Tiu i, thnh mt hng ngang l d lnh,  tp hp l ng lnh. + ng tc: Tiu i trng xc nh v tr v hng tp hp, ri quay v pha cc chin s), ng nghim h khu lnh:  Tiu i  (nu c cc tiu i khc cng hc tp  bn cnh th phi h r phin hiu ca tiu i mnh). V d:  Tiu i 1 . Nu khng c tiu i khc  bn cnh th ch h:  Tiu i , khi nghe h  Tiu i , ton tiu i quay v pha tiu i trng ng nghim ch lnh. Khi ton tiu i  sn sng ch lnh, tiu i trng h tip:  Thnh mt hng ngang... tp hp , ri quay v pha hng nh tp hp ng nghim lm chun cho tiu i vo tp hp. Nghe dt ng lnh  tp hp ton tiu i nhanh chng, im lng chy vo tp hp, ng v pha bn tri ca tiu i trng thnh mt hng ngang, gin cch 70cm (tnh t gia gt chn ca hai ngi ng bn cnh nhau) hoc cch nhau 20cm ( tnh khong cch hai cnh tay ca hai ngi ng cnh nhau).  Hnh 1: i hnh tiu i mt hng ngang (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Khi  c t 2(3 chin s) ng vo v tr tp hp, tiu i trng quay na bn tri, i u ra pha trc chnh gia i hnh cch 3(5 bc, quay vo i hnh n c tiu i tp hp.Tng ngi, khi  ng vo v tr phi nhanh chng t ng ging hng ng gin cch sau  ng ngh (xem hnh 1). - im s: + Khu lnh: im s khng c d lnh. + ng tc: Khi nghe dt ng lnh  im s , cc chin s theo th t t bn phi sang tri ln lt im s t mt cho n ht tiu i. Khi im s ca mnh, phi kt hp quay mt sang tri 45(, khi im s xong phi quay mt tr li; ngi ng cui cng khng phi quay mt, sau khi im s ca mnh xong th h  ht . Tng ngi, trc khi im s ca mnh phi ng nghim, nu ang ng ngh phi tr v t th ng nghim ri mi im s ca mnh, im s xong phi v t th ng ngh. im s phi h to, r, gn, dt khot, lin tc. - Chnh n hng ngi:Trc khi chnh n hng ngi, tiu i trng phi h cho tiu i ng nghim. + Khu lnh:  Nhn bn phi (tri) - thng , c d lnh v ng lnh,  Nhn bn phi (tri) l d lnh;  thng l ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  thng , tr chin s) lm chun (ngi ng u bn phi hoc bn tri i hnh) vn nhn thng, cn cc chin s) khc phi quay mt ht c sang bn phi (tri), x dch ln, xung  ging hng v gi gin cch. Khi ging hng ngang, tng ngi phi nhn c np ti o ngc bn tri (phi) ca ngi ng th t v bn phi (tri) ca mnh (i vi chin s) n nhn ve c o). Khi tiu i  ging hng xong, tiu i tng h  thi . Nghe dt ng lnh  thi , tt c tiu i u quay mt tr li, ng nghim, khng x dch v tr ng. Tiu i trng kim tra gin cch gia cc chin s), sau  quay na bn tri (phi) i u v pha ngi lm chun cch 2(3 bc, quay vo i hnh  kim tra hng ngang. Nu thy gt chn v ngc ca cc chin s) nm trn mt ng thng l hng ngang  thng. Nu chin s) no ng cha thng, tiu i trng dng khu lnh:  ng ch X hoc s X Ln hoc xung , chin s) nghe gi tn hoc s ca mnh phi quay mt nhn v hng tiu i trng v lm theo lnh ca tiu i trng. Khi cc chin s)  ng thng hng tiu i trng h  c , cc chin s) quay mt tr v hng ci. Th t sa cho ngi ng gn, ngi lm chun trc, tiu i trng c th qua phi (tri) mt bc  kim tra hng. Cing c th sa cho 2(3 chin s) cng mt lc. V d:  T s 3 n s 7, ln hoc xung , cc chin s) trong s c gi lm ng tc nh khi sa tng ngi. Chnh n xong tiu i trng v v tr ch huy. Nu ly chin s) ng  gia hng lm chun  chnh n th: Tiu i trng phi dng khu lnh  ch nh ngi lm chun:  ng ch X hoc s X lm chun , chin s) X nghe gi, ng nghim tr li  C v gi tay tri ln. Tiu i trng h tip:  Nhn gia. thng , cc chin s) ng hai bn ly ngi lm chun  ging hng. Chin s) lm chun sau khi nghe dt ng lnh  thng , khong 5 giy th b tay xung vn ng nghim. Khi chnh n hng, tiu i trng c th v bn phi (tri)  chnh n hng ngi. ng tc ca tiu i trng v cc chin s) lm nh khi nhn bn phi (tri)  chnh n hng ngang. - Gii tn: + Khu lnh:  gii tn , khng c d lnh. + ng tc: Khi nghe dt ng lnh  gii tn , mi ngi trong tiu i nhanh chng tn ra, nu ang ng ngh phi tr v t th ng nghim ri tn ra. 1.2 i hnh tiu i hai hng ngang - ngh)a v cc bc thc hin c bn ging i hnh tiu i mt hng ngang. Nhng im khc: + Khu lnh:  Tiu i, thnh 2 hng ngang- tp hp . + V tr khi ng trong i hnh: Cc s l ng hng trn (s 1, 3, 5, 7), cc s chn ng hng di (s 2, 4, 6, 8,). C ly gia hng trn v hng di lm 1m (hnh 2). + i hnh hai hng ngang khng c im s. + Khi ging hng, cc chin s) ng hng th hai va phi ging hng ngang v dng nh mt ging hng dc  ng ng c ly v gin cch.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 2: Tiu i hai hng ngang (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 1.3 i hnh tiu i mt hng dc - ngh)a:i hnh tiu i mt hng dc thng dng trong hnh tin, trong i hnh tp hp c trung i, i i khi tp trung sinh hot hc tp.i hnh tiu i mt hng dc thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp: + Khu lnh:  Tiu i, thnh mt hng dc- tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh.  Tiu i, thnh mt hng dc l d lnh,  tp hp l ng lnh. + ng tc ca tiu i trng ging nh  i hnh mt hng ngang. Khi nghe dt ng lnh  tp hp , ton tiu i im lng nhanh chng chy vo tp hp, ng sau tiu i trng thnh mt hng dc, c ly gia ngi ng trc v ngi ng sau l 1m (tnh t hai gt chn ca hai ngi. Khi  c t 2(3 chin s) ng vo v tr tp hp, tiu i trng quay na bn tri, i u ra pha trc i hnh, chch v bn tri cch i hnh 3(5 bc, quay vo i hnh n c tiu i tp hp. Tng ngi, khi  vo v tr phi nhanh chng t ng dng hng ng ng c ly, sau  ng ngh. (Hnh 3). Hnh 3: i hnh tiu i mt hng dc(Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - im s: + Khu lnh:  im s , khng c d lnh. + ng tc: Ging nh  phn tiu i mt hng ngang, ch khc: Khi quay mt phi quay ht c sang bn tri v im s t trn xung di. - Chnh n hng ngi:Trc khi chnh n, tiu i trng phi h cho tiu i ng nghim. + Khu lnh:  Nhn trcthng , c d lnh v ng lnh.  Nhn trc l d lnh,  thng l ng lnh. + Khi nghe dt ng lnh  thng , tr chin s) s 1 lm chun, cn cc chin s) khc dng hng dc, nhn thng gia gy ngi ng trc mnh (khng nhn thy gy ngi ng th hai trc mnh), t x dch sang phi, tri  thng hng dc v x dch ln, xung  ng c ly. Khi tiu i  ging hng xong, tiu i trng h  thi , ton tiu i ng nghim. Tiu i trng quay na bn tri i u v trc, chnh gia i hnh cc i hnh t 2(3 bc, nhn vo i hnh  kim tra hng dc. Hng dc thng l u (mi), cnh vai ca cc chin s) nm trn mt ng thng. Nu chin s) no cha ng thng hng, tiu i trng dng khu lnh gi tn (hoc s)  sa:  Qua phi ,  Qua tri . Chin s) (s) c gi tn lm theo lnh ca tiu i trng. Khi chin s)  ng thng hng, tiu i trng h  c , ln lt sa t trn xung di, cing c th sa cho 2(3 chin s) cng mt lc. Sa xong, tiu i trng v v tr ch huy  bn tri pha trc i hnh. - Gii tn: Khu lnh, ng tc ging nh  i hnh mt hng ngang. 1.4 i hnh tiu i hai hng dc - ngh)a v cc bc thc hin c bn ging nh tiu i mt hng dc.Nhng im khc: + Khu lnh:  Tiu i, thnh hai hng dc-tp hp . + Cc chin s) s l ng thnh mt hng dc  bn phi, cc chin s) s chn ng thnh mt hng dc  bn tri. (Hnh 4). + i hnh hai hng dc khng im s. + Khi ging hng, cc chin s) ng  hng bn tri (hng s chn) va ging hng dc, va dng nh mt  ging hng ngang. Nhng im ch : - Trc khi tp hp, ngi ch huy phi cn c vo nhim v, ni dung cng vic, a hnh, thi tit v phng hng  xc nh i hnh tp hp v hng ca i hnh. Khi tp hp nn trnh hng gi, hng mt tri chiu thng vo mt chin s), (nu khng nh hng n vic xem tp, xem ng tc mu). - Phi xc nh c i hnh, v tr tp hp, hng i hnh ri ng ti v tr tp hp h khu lnh tp hp, sau  lm chun cho tiu i vo tp hp. Nu v tr tp hp xa ni tiu i trng ng (qu 20m) th tiu i trng phi n c, nhc nh tiu i v v tr tp hp. Tiu i trng khng c h dt ng lnh  tp hp , ri mi chy n v tr tp hp tiu i (d ch 3( 4m). - Khu lnh phi r rng, dt khot, ng tc phi khn trng, chun xc, mu mc. Khi sa cho chin s) phi dng khu lnh  ch huy, khng s vo ngi. - Tng ngi khi  vo tp hp phi trt t, ng tc ging hng ng c ly, gin cch, tp trung nghe lnh ca tiu i trng.   Hnh 4: Tiu i hai hng dc (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 2. i hnh trung i 2.1 i hnh trung i mt hng ngang - ngh)a: i hnh trung i mt hng ngang thng dng trong hun luyn, ni chuyn, im danh, kim tra, im nghim, khm sng, gi sng, t sng....i hnh trung i mt hng ngang thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp: + Khu lnh:  Trung i, thnh mt hng ngang - tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh.  Trung i, thnh mt hng ngang l d lnh,  tp hp l ng lnh. + ng tc: C bn ging nh phn tiu i hng ngang. Khi nghe dt ng lnh, ton trung i im lng chy vo tp hp ng v pha bn tri ca trung i trng theo th t: Tiu i 1, tiu i 2, tiu i 3 (mi tiu i thnh mt hng ngang) trung i thnh mt hng ngang. Khi tiu i  vo v tr tp hp, trung i trng quay na bn tri, chy u ra pha trc chnh gia i hnh cch 5(8 bc quay vo i hnh n c trung i tp hp. Tng ngi vo v tr phi nhanh chng t ng ging hng ngang, ng gin cch, sau  ng ngh (hnh 5).  3 ( 5 bc Hnh 5: i hnh trung i mt hng ngang (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Nu trung i  ni khng c cc phn i khc  bn cnh th ch h khu lnh:  Trung i thnh 1 hng ngang- tp hp  , khng phi h phin hiu n v. Nu trung i ang vui chi, trung i trc khi h khu lnh tp hp, phi thi ci (nu c) hoc pht tn hiu  mi ngi ngng hot ng, ch nghe khu lnh. - im s: + im s theo tng tiu i  i hnh, i hng: Khu lnh:  tng tiu i im s , khng c d lnh. Nghe dt ng lnh, tng tiu i im s theo th t: Tiu i 1, tiu i 2, tiu i 3. Cc tiu i trng khng im s. Ngi ng cui cng ca tiu i im s xong th h  ht , khng phi quay mt. + im s ton trung i  nm qun s Khu lnh:  im s , khng c d lnh. ng tc: Khi nghe dt ng lnh, ton trung i im s, cc tiu i trng cing im s. Ln lt im s theo th t v ni tip nhau t tiu i 1, tiu i 2, tiu i 3. Ngi ng cui cng ca tiu i 3 im s xong th h:  ht , khng phi quay mt. ng tc im s ca tng ngi ging nh im s i hnh tiu i. - Chnh n hng ngi: Trc khi chnh n, trung i trng phi h cho ton trung i ng nghim. Khu lnh, ng tc c bn ging nh chnh n hnh ngi ca phn tiu i 1 hng ngang. Ch khc: Khi trung i trng quay na bn tri (phi) chy u v pha bn phi (tri) ngi lm chun  chnh n i hnh, cch ngi lm chun 3(5 bc, quay vo i hnh  chnh n hng ngi. - Gii tn: Khu lnh, ng tc ging nh gii tn  i hnh tiu i mt hng ngang. 2.2 i hnh trung i hai hng ngang - ngh)a v cc bc thc hin trn c s tiu i hai hng ngang cu thnh.Thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp: + Khu lnh:  Trung i, thnh hai hng ngang- tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  tp hp , ton trung i im lng chy vo tp hp ng bn tri ca trung i trng theo th t: Tiu i 1, tiu i 2, tiu i 3 (mi tiu i thnh hai hng ngang, s l ng trn, s chn ng di) ton trung i thnh hai hng ngang. Khi thy tiu i 1  vo v tr tp hp, trung i trng quay na bn tri, chy u ra ng  pha trc chnh gia i hnh cch 5( 8 bc quay vo i hnh n c trung i tp hp (xem hnh 6).   5 ( 8 bc    Hnh 6: i hnh trung i hai hng ngang (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Chnh n hng ngi: Khu lnh v ng tc ca trung i trng, ng tc ca chin s) trong trung i ging nh chnh n hng ngi ca i hnh trung i mt hng ngang. Ch khc: C hai hng u phi quay mt v dng hng, cc chin s) ng  hng di va ging hng ngang va phi dng nh mt  ging hng dc. Ngi lm chun ng  u (hoc cui) ca tng hng nhn thng. Trung i trng kim tra hng trn trc, sau  mi kim tra hng di. - Gii tn: Nh  i hnh tiu i hng ngang. 2.3 i hnh trung i ba hng ngang - ngh)a v cc bc thc hin trn c s i hnh tiu i hai hng ngang cu thnh. Thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp: + Khu lnh:  Trung i, thnh ba hng ngang- tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  tp hp , ton trung i vo v tr tp hp theo th t: Tiu i 1 ng bn tri trung i trng, tiu i 2 ng sau tiu i 1, tiu i 3 ng sau tiu i 2 (mi tiu i thnh mt hng ngang, trung i thnh ba hng ngang, v tr ch huy ca trung i trng v cc ng tc ging nh phn tp hp trung i hai hng ngang (xem hnh 7).  Hnh 7: Trung i ba hng ngang (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - im s: + Khu lnh:  im s , khng c d lnh. + ng tc: Khi nghe dt ng lnh  im s , ch c tiu i 1 im s (ging nh phn tiu i mt hng ngang im s), tiu i trng khng im s. Tiu i 2, tiu i 3 khng im s m ly s ca tiu i 1 m tnh s ca mnh. Nu tiu i 2 v tiu i 3 tha hoc thiu qun s so vi qun s  im ca tiu i 1, th ngi ng cui hng ca tiu i 2 v tiu i 3 phi bo co cho trung i trng bit, khi bo co phi ng nghim, bo co xong ng ngh. V d: Tiu i 1 c 7 ngi. Tiu i 2 c 8 ngi. Tiu i 3 c 6 ngi. Khi bo co, ngi ng cui hng tiu i 2 bo:  Tiu i 2 tha mt . Ngi ng cui hng tiu i 3 bo:  Tiu i 3 thiu mt . - Chnh n hng ngi:Trc khi chnh n hng ngi, trung i trng phi h cho trung i ng nghim. + Khu lnh:  Nhn bn phi (tri)- thng , c d lnh v ng lnh. Nhn bn phi (tri) l d lnh,  thng l ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  thng , c ba hng u phi quay mt ht c v bn lm chun  ging hng, ba ngi lm chun ca 3 hng nhn thng v gi ng c ly.Hng th ha v ba phi dng nh mt  gi hng dc. Cc ng tc khc thc hin nh phn chnh n hng ngi  i hnh trung i mt hng ngang. - Gii tn:Nh  i hnh trung i mt hng ngang. 2.4 i hnh trung i mt hng dc - ngh)a: i hnh mt hng dc thng dng  hnh qun, di chuyn  ngoi bi tp c nhanh chng, thun tin. i hnh mt hng dc thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp: + Khu lnh:  Trung i, thnh mt hng dc - tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh.  Trung i, thnh mt hng dc l d lnh,  tp hp l ng lnh. H khu lnh xong, trung i trng quay v hng nh tp hp ng nghim lm chun. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  tp hp , ton trung i nhanh chng im lng vo v tr tp hp, ng sau trung i trng 1m theo th t: Tiu i 1, tiu i 2, tiu i 3 (mi tiu i thnh 1 hng dc) ni tip nhau thnh trung i mt hng dc (c ly mi ngi cch nhau 1m). Khi thy tiu i 1  vo v tr, trung i trng quay na bn tri, chy u ra pha trc chch v bn tri i hnh, cch 5(8 bc, quay vo i hnh  n c cc tiu i tp hp. Tng ngi  vo v tr phi nhanh chng t ng ging hng ngang, ng gin cch, sau  ng ngh. Nu trung i  mt ni khng c cc phn i khc  bn cnh, th ch h khu lnh:  Trung i mt hng dc- tp hp , khng phi h phin hiu n v. Nu trung i ang vui chi, trung i trng trc khi h khu lnh tp hp, phi thi ci (nu c) hoc pht tn hiu  mi ngi ngng hot ng, ch nghe khu lnh. (xem hnh 8) - im s:(c hai cch im s) Ging nh im s  i hnh trung i mt hng ngang. Nu nghe thy khu lnh:  tng tiu i im s , th theo th t tiu i 1, 2, 3 im s, tiu i trng khng im s.    1 Hnh 8: Trung i mt hng dc(Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Nu nghe khu lnh:  im s , th ton trung i im s t mt n ht, cc tiu i trng cing phi im s. ng tc im s ca tng ngi nh phn im s  i hnh tiu i. - Chnh n hng ngi:Trc khi im s, h cho trung i ng nghim. + Khu lnh:  Nhn trcthng , c d lnh v ng lnh.  Nhn trc l d lnh,  thng l ng lnh. + ng tc: Ging nh  phn tiu i mt hng dc, ch khc: Trung i trng i v pha u i hnh, cch ngi ng u 3(5 bc  kim tra hng. - Gii tn: Thc hin nh  i hnh hng ngang. 2.5 i hnh trung i hai hng dc - ngh)a v cc bc thc hin trn c s i hnh tiu i hai hng dc cu thnh. Thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp: + Khu lnh:  Trung i, thnh hai hng dc - tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh.  Trung i, thnh hai hng dc l d lnh,  tp hp l ng lnh. H khu lnh xong, trung i trng quay v hng nh tp hp ng nghim lm chun. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  tp hp , ton trung i nhanh chng, im lng vo v tr tp hp, ng sau trung i trng theo th t: Tiu i 1 ng sau trung i trng, tiu i 2 ng sau tiu i 1, tiu i 3 ng sau tiu i 2, mi tiu i thnh 2 hng dc, s l ng bn phi, s chn ng bn tri, thnh trung i hai hng dc. - Chnh n hng ngi: C bn ging nh i hnh tiu i hai hng dc. Ch khc: Khi nghe dt ng lnh:  thng , cc tiu i trng qua tri 1/2 bc  ng trc chnh gia i hnh tiu i ca mnh. Tt c nhn thng  ging hng dc v dng nh mt  ging hng ngang (hnh 9). Khong cch ca trung i trng n tiu i 1 khi kim tra hng l 3(5 bc. - Gii tn: Thc hin nh  i hnh trung i hng ngang.  Hnh 9: Trung i hai hng dc(Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 2.6 i hnh trung i ba hng dc - ngh)a v cc bc thc hin trn c s i hnh tiu i mt hng dc cu thnh. Thc hin th t nh sau: - Tp hp + Khu lnh:  Trung i, thnh ba hng dc -tp hp , c d lnh v ng lnh.  Trung i, thnh ba hng dc l d lnh,  tp hp l ng lnh.  Hnh 10: Trung i ba hng dc(Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  tp hp , ton trung i nhanh chng, im lng vo v tr tp hp, ng sau trung i trng theo th t: Tiu i 1 ng sau trung i trng, tiu i 2 ng sau tiu i 1, tiu i 3 ng bn tri tiu i 2, mi tiu i thnh mt hng dc, trung i thnh ba hng dc (xem hnh 10). - im s: Khu lnh, ng tc ging nh im s ca trung i ba hng ngang. Ch khc l im s theo i hnh hng dc. - Chnh n hng ngi: Khu lnh, ng tc c bn ging nh chnh n hng ngi  i hnh trung i hng dc (cc tiu i trng khng im s). - Gii tn:Thc hin nh i hnh trung i mt hng dc. 3. i hng i hnh ngh)a: Dng  i hng i hnh cho ph hp vi nhim v v a hnh c th, ng thi rn luyn thc hip ng ng tc trong i hnh. a) i hng i hnh khi ng ti ch - i hng i hnh v pha bn phi bng cch quay bn phi: + Khu lnh:  Bn phi...quay , c d lnh v ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh quay , tng ngi trong i hnh u thc hin ng tc quay bn phi. - i hng i hnh v pha bn tri bng cch quay bn tri: + Khu lnh:  Bn tri...quay , c d lnh v ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh quay , tng ngi trong i hnh u thc hin ng tc quay bn tri. i hnh lc ny i sang hng mi nhng khng th gi c i hnh hng dc (ngang) nh trc khi i (xem hnh 11).  Hnh 11: i hng i hnh v bn phi (tri) (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - i hng i hnh v ng sau bng cch quay ng sau: + Khu lnh:  ng sau...quay , c d lnh v ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh quay , tng ngi trong i hnh u thc hin ng tc quay ng sau. i hnh lc ny i sang hng mi nhng khng th gi c i hnh hng dc(ngang) nh trc khi i nhng ngc s th t (xem hnh 12).  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 12: i hng i hnh v ng sau (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). b) i hng i hnh trong khi i - ng tc vng bn phi: + Khu lnh:  Vng bn phi...bc , c d lnh v ng lnh, ng lnh ri vo chn phi. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh bc , ngi u hng bn phi lm ng tc gim chn xoay dn sang bn phi ri i tip, cc s  bn tri ly ngi bn phi lm chun va i va chuyn hng sang bn phi gi hng ngang thng, cc hng sau i u n v tr hng trc th lm ng tc nh hng trc i hng sang bn phi (xem hnh 13).  a) b) Hnh 13: i hng khi i - Vng bn phi (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - ng tc vng bn tri: + Khu lnh:  Vng bn tri...bc , c d lnh v ng lnh, ng lnh ri vo chn tri. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh bc , ngi u hng bn tri lm ng tc gim chn xoay dn sang bn tri ri i tip, cc s  bn phi ly ngi bn tri lm chun va i va chuyn hng sang bn tri gi hng ngang thng, cc hng sau i u n v tr hng trc th lm ng tc nh hng trc i hng sang bn tri (xem hnh 14).  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 14: i vng bn tri (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - ng tc vng ng sau: + Khu lnh:  Vng bn phi (tri) vng ng sau...bc , c d lnh v ng lnh. + ng tc: Nghe dt ng lnh  bc , ton i hnh lm ng tc vng ging nh ng tc vng bn phi bn (tri). Ch khc ngi lm tr phi hp vi trong hng xoay dn sang hng mi 1800 (xem hnh 15).  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  a  b Hnh 15: i vng ng sau (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). CU HI N TP 1. ngh)a, th t ni dung cc bc tp hp i hnh tiu i hng ngang? 2. ngh)a, th t ni dung cc bc tp hp i hnh tiu i hng dc? 3. ngh)a, th t ni dung cc bc tp hp i hnh trung i hng ngang? 4. ngh)a, th t ni dung cc bc tp hp i hnh trung i hng dc? 5. ngh)a, ni dung cc bc i hnh khi ng ti ch v khi ang i u? BI 12:GII THIU V HNG DN K THUT S DNG MT S LOI Vh KH B BINH A. GII THIU MT S LOI Vh KH B BINH 1. Sng trng CKC c 7,62 mm Sng trng t ng np n kiu Xi m np c 7,62mm do Lin X ci ch to, gi tt l CKC. Trung Quc v mt s nc da theo kiu ny  sn xut nm 1956, gi l kiu K56. Vit Nam gi chung l sng trng na t ng CKC.  Hnh 1:Sng trng CKC (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 1.1. Tc dng v tnh nng chin u 1.1.1. Tc dng Sng trng t ng CKC trang b cho tng ngi s dng, dng ho lc, li l, bng sng  tiu dit sinh lc ch, sng cu to gn nh, ch bn c pht mt. Sng s dng n kiu 1943 do Lin X (ci) sn xut, hoc n kiu 1956 (K56) do Trung Quc v mt s nc sn xut. Vit Nam  sn xut loi n dng cho AK v a vo s dng; gm c cc loi u n thng, u n vch sng, u n xuyn chy, u n chy, hp tip n cha 10 vin, dng chung n vi sng tiu lin AK; sng trng K63; sng trung lin RP, RPK. 1.1.2. Tnh nng chin u - Tm bn xa nht: 3600 m - Tm bn hiu qu nht: 400 m - Ho lc tp trung mc tiu mt t: 800 m - Bn my bay qun d: 500 m - Tm bn thng: Mc tiu ngi nm 365 m Mc tiu ngi chy 525 m - Tm bn ghi trn thc ngm: 1000 m - u n vn c kh nng st thng mc tiu  c ly: 1500 m. - Tc  u ca u n: 735 m/s - Tc  bn chin u: 35-40 pht/pht - Khi lng ton b sng: Khng lp n nng 3,75 kg C lp n  nng 3,90 kg - Khi lng vin n nng: 16,2 gam - Chiu di ca sng: Khi ging l 1260 mm Khi gp l 1020 mm 1.2. Cu to chung ca sng v n 1.2.1. Cu to chung ca sng Sng trng t ng CKC c 12 b phn chnh sau:  Hnh 2:Cu to ca sng trng CKC (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Nng sng - B phn ngm - Hp kho nng v np hp kho nng - B kho nng - Kho nng - B phn c - B phn y v - Cn y v l xo cn y - ng dn thoi, p lt tay trn - Bng sng - Hp tip n - L  ng b ca sng: Ph tng, dy sng, bao ng kp n v n. 1.2.2. Cu to chung ca n V n, ht la, thuc phng, u n. 1.3. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca sng v n 1.3.1. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca sng - Nng sng + Tc dng: Lm bung t v chu p lc kh thuc; nh hng bay cho u n; To cho u n c tc  u nht nh; Lm cho u n xoay trn quanh trc khi vn ng. + Cu to: L trch kh thuc, khu truyn kh thuc, bung n  cha n v chu p lc ca kh thuc; b lp l c mu gi l  th gp v m, c l lp thng nng, khuy  mc dy sng, khu gi u bng sng; mu gi hp tip n, nng sng v hp kha nng bng c. - B phn ngm + Tc dng:  ngm bn vo cc mc tiu  c li khc nhau. + Cu to: u ngm: B u ngm, b di ng, thn u ngm c ren  hiu chnh sng v tm, vnh bo v u ngm.  1.u ngm 2.Vng bo v u ngm 3.B di ng 4.B u ngm Hnh 3: B phn u ngm (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh, Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). Thc ngm: B thc ngm, thn thc ngm c cc vch khc ghi cc s t 1-10 tng ng c ly thc t t 100m n 1000m, c ngm  ly gc bn  cc c ly khc nhau (thc ngm ch ( tng ng c ly 300m). 1. B thc ngm 2. Thn thc ngm 3. C thc ngm 4. Then hm 5. Thnh thc ngm 6. Khe ngm Hnh 4: B phn thc ngm (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh,2015). - Hp kho nng + Tc dng:  lin kt cc b phn ca sng, hng cho b kho nng v kho nng chuyn ng, che bi v bo v cc b phn bn trong hp kha nng. + Cu to: Gm c l cha cn y; g trt b kho nng; mu ht v n; ly bo ht n  gi kho nng  pha sau khi bn ht n; khc t  ui kho nng t vo khi ng kho; cht gi np hp kho nng; khuyt cha mu gi then hm.  Hnh 5: Hp kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Np hp kho nng + Tc dng: Bo v, che bi cc b phn bn trong hp kha nng. + Cu to: Gm c hai mu np hp kho nng, hai g trt b kho nng, mu ui np hp kho nng, l lp then hm.  Hnh 6: Np hp kha nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B kho nng + Tc dng:  lm cho kho nng v b phn c chuyn ng. + Cu to: Gm c khe lp kp n, mt t  ui cn y t vo lm b kho nng li, rnh trt khp vi g trt  b kho nng, tay ko kho nng, mu ko kho nng  mc vo mu m, m v ko kho nng v sau, mu    thn ui kho nng xung khi kho nng, l cha b phn y v.  Hnh 7: B kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Kho nng + Tc dng: y n vo bung n, ng m kho nng, lm n n, ly v n ra khi bung n. + Cu to: Gm c  cha t n, mu y n, mc n, kim ho, mu m kho  khp vi mu ko  b kho khi m kho, mu vt ng kha khp vi khc t hp kho nng khi ng kho v  ging ba.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 8: Kha nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B phn c + Tc dng: Gi ba  th ging, lm ba p vo kim ho, kho an ton, chng n sm khi cha ng kho chc chn. + Cu to: Khung c:  lin kt cc b phn c. Then gi np hp tip n Ly bo him:  gi cho ba khng p vo kim ho khi cha ng kho  Hnh 9: B phn c (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B phn y v + Tc dng: y b kho nng, kho nng tin v trc. + Cu to: L xo y v, ct l xo, vnh hm, ct di ng.  Hnh 10: B phn y v 1.L xo y v; 2.Ct l xo; 3.Ct di ng; 4.Vnh hm (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh,2015). - Thoi y, cn y v l xo cn y + Tc dng:  truyn p lc kh thuc y b kho nng li. + Cu to: Gm thoi y c mt thoi, vnh dn, rnh cn kh thuc; cn y c vnh tn cn y.  Hnh 11: Thoi y, cn y v l xo a.Thoi y; b.Cn y; c.L xo cn y 1.Mt thoi; 2.Rnh cn kh thuc; 3.Vnh tn cn y (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh, 2015). - ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn + Tc dng: Dn thoi chuyn ng, gi sng bo v tay khi nng khi bn. + Cu to: ng dn thoi c l thot kh thuc v mu  lp ng dn thoi vi b kho nng, p lt tay c khe thot nhit.  Hnh 12: p lt tay v ng dn thoi (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Bng sng + Tc dng: T sng vo vai, gi sng khi bn; + Cu to:  bng sng, c bng, u bng, ca lp hp tip n v b phn c, mng cha nng sng,  cha ph tng.  Hnh 13: Bng sng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Hp tip n + Tc dng: Cha n v tip n cho sng khi bn + Cu to: Thn hp tip n, l xo cn nng n, trc  lp cn nng n, np hp tip n.  Hnh 14: Hp tip n (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - L + Tc dng: Dng  gt, m khi nh gip l c + Cu to: Li l, cn l, khu l.  Hnh 15: Li l (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 1.3.2. Tn gi, tc dng, cu to ca n - V n + Tc dng:  lin kt cc b phn vi nhau thnh 1 vin n hon chnh;  cha v bo v thuc phng, ht la; bt kn bung n, khng cho kh thuc pht ra sau khi bn; nh v khi np n vo bung n. + Cu to: V n thng dc lm bng ng thau hay thp m ng, gm c: C v n  lin kt vi u n, vai v n  t vo bung n, thn v n  cha v bo v thuc phng, g y v n  mc vo ngom mc n, y v n c l cha ht la, bn trong c 2 l thng la. - Ht la + Tc dng:  pht la t chy thuc phng + Cu to: Gm v v thuc mi. V ht la lm bng ng  ng thuc mi, c lp vo y v n. Thuc mi gm fuyminat thu ngn, clorat kali, sunfua ngtimoan. - Thuc phng + Tc dng:  sinh ra p lc kh thuc y u n vn ng. + Cu to: Thuc phng l loi thuc khng khi vi hnh dng l ht nh, tng phin mng hoc hnh tr. - u n + Tc dng:  st thng, tiu dit cc mc tiu, lm h hng, chy hay ph hu cc phng tin chin tranh; bt kn pha trc nng sng khng cho kh thuc lt ra ngoi. u n c: u n thng, u n vch ng, u n xuyn chy v u n chy.  Hnh 16:n sng tiu lin (K56) (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). V u n:  bo v li n, ct rnh v bt kn khng cho kh thuc lt ra pha trc, v u n c lm bng vt liu bn, do, t han g, r tin nh ng thau, thp m, thp ghp ng. Li u n: L phn bn trong ca u n, tu theo cch cu to li m quyt nh tnh cht v tc dng ca u n. Tn gi, tc dng, cu to cc loi u n: V d: u n thng li bng kim loi c  cng va phi (thp non). u n chy li cha thuc chy. - u n thng + Tc dng:  tiu dit ch ngoi cng s, sau cc vt che khut, che  m u n c th xuyn qua. + Cu to: V u n, lp ch, li thp, chp u n khng sn. - u n vch ng + Tc dng:  tiu dit ch, ngoi ra cn  sa bn v ch th mc tiu  c li 800m tr li. + Cu to: V u n, lp ch, li ch, ng ng thuc vch sng, thuc vch sng, chp u n sn mu l cy. - u n xuyn chy + Tc dng:  t chy cht d chy v tiu dit sinh lc ch  sau nhng vt chn c bc thp mng  c li 300m tr li. + Cu to: V u n, lp ch, li thp, tm y bng ch, mii u n, thuc chy, chp u n sn mu en v . - u n chy + Tc dng:  t chy cht d chy. + Cu to: V u n, lp ch, mii u n, tm y, thuc chy, chp sn mu . 1.4. Chuyn ng ca sng M kho an ton, lp n vo sng, ln n, kho an ton khng chn vo tay c, tay c chuyn ng c Bp c: u c y cn y, y ly ba v trc, mt t ly ba ri khi khc ui ba, l xo ba bung ra y ba p vo ui kim ho Khi ba p mu ui ba  ln mt t ly bo him, ly bo him  ln cn y ly c, lm cho u cn y ly c tt xung, khng t vo mt t ly c, ly c b l xo ly c y v sau (v ta ang bp c), kim ho chc vo ht la, ht la pht la t chy thuc phng, thuc phng chy sinh ra p lc kh thuc y n vn ng trong nng sng.  Hnh 17: Chuyn ng cc b phn khi bn (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Khi u n qua l trch kh thuc, mt phn kh thuc qua l truyn kh thuc y vo mt thoi, thoi li y vo cn y, cn y y vo b kha nng lm b kho nng li v sau, khi kho nng li v sau, mc n ko theo v n ra khi bung n, gp mu ht v n ht v n ra ngoi. Tay c vn bp c (gi c), cn ly c vn nm di ly, ly c vn chn vo di mu ui ba nn ba khng p v pha trc c (khng bn c lin thanh). Mun bn tip phi bung tay c ra, l xo c bung ra, lm cn c v cn y li v sau, u cn y ly ri khi khuyt ly ba v nng ln i din vi thnh t ly ba. Khi bn ht n trong hp tip n, ly bo ht n c mu bn nng n nng ln chn ng li kho nng  li pha sau. 2. Sng tiu lin AK Sng tiu lin Ka-Lt-Nhi-Cp c 7,62mm do Lin X (ci) ch to, gi tt l tiu lin AK. Vit Nam v mt s nc da theo kiu AK  sn xut. Sng tiu lin AK c ci tin gi l tiu lin AKM (c thm mt s b phn gim ny lp  u nng sng; ly gim tc  p ca ba; b phn thc ngm c vch khc n 10  tng ng c ly thc t 1000m v khc li l), gi l sng AKM; loi c bng gp gi l AKMS.  Hnh 18: Sng tiu lin AK (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 2.1. Tc dng v tnh nng chin u 2.1.1. Tc dng - Sng tiu lin AK, AKM, AKMS trang b cho tng ngi s dng, dng ho lc, li l, bng sng  tiu dit sinh lc ch, sng cu to gn nh, bn c lin thanh v pht mt; - Sng s dng n kiu 1943 do Lin X (ci) sn xut, hoc n kiu 1956 (K56) do Trung Quc v mt s nc sn xut. Vit Nam  sn xut n AK v a vo s dng; gm c cc loi u n thng, u n vch ng, u n xuyn chy, u n chy, hp tip n cha 30 vin. 2.1.2. Tnh nng chin u - Tm bn xa nht: 3000 m - Bn hiu qu nht: 400 m - Ho lc tp trung mc tiu mt t: 800 m - Bn my bay qun d: 500 m - Tm bn thng: Mc tiu ngi nm 350 m Mc tiu ngi chy 525 m - Tm bn ghi trn thc ngm: Sng AK thng: 800 m Sng AK ci tin: 1000 m - u n vn c kh nng st thng mc tiu  c ly: 1500 m. - Tc  u ca u n: AK 710 m/s; AKM 715 m/s - Tc  bn: L thuyt 600 pht/pht Bn lin thanh 100 pht/pht Bn pht mt 40 pht/pht - Khi lng sng nng: 3,8kg (Khng c l, lp hp tip n khng c n). - Khi lng sng nng: 4,3kg (Khng c l, lp hp tip n c  30 vin n). - Khi lng vin n nng: 16,2 gam - Chiu di ca sng: Khi lp l 1020 mm Khng lp l 870 mm 2.2. Cu to chung ca sng v n 2.2.1. Cu to chung ca sng Sng tiu lin AK gm c 11 b phn chnh sau: - Nng sng; - B phn ngm; - Hp kho nng, np hp kho nng; - B kho nng v thoi y; - Kho nng; - B phn c; - B phn y v; - ng dn thoi, p lt tay; - Bng sng, tay cm; - Hp tip n; - L. ng b ca sng: Ph tng, dy sng, ti ng hp tip n, u n  bn n hi, thng nng, ng ng ph tng v ph tng cc loi. 2.2.2. Cu to chung ca n V n, ht la, thuc phng, u n. 2.3. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca sng v n 2.3.1. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca sng - Nng sng + Tc dng: Lm bung t v chu p lc kh thuc, nh hng bay cho u n, to cho u n c tc  u nht nh, lm cho u n xoay trn quanh trc ca n khi chuyn ng. + Cu to:  Hnh 19: B phn nng sng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B phn ngm + Tc dng:  ngm bn vo cc mc tiu  c li khc nhau. + Cu to:  u ngm Thc ngm Hnh 20: B phn ngm (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Hp kho nng + Tc dng:  lin kt cc b phn ca sng; hng cho b kho nng v kho nng chuyn ng; che bi v bo v cc b phn bn trong hp kho nng. + Cu to:  Hnh 21: Hp kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Np hp kho nng + Tc dng: Bo v cc b phn bn trong ca sng; + Cu to:  Hnh 22: Np hp kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B kho nng v thoi y + Tc dng: Lm cho kho nng v b phn c chuyn ng, thoi y  chu p lc kh thuc y b kho nng li. + Cu to:  Hnh 23: B kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Kho nng + Tc dng:  y n vo bung n, ng v m kho, lm n n v ko v n ra khi bung n. + Cu to:  Hnh 24: B kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B phn c + Tc dng:  gi ba  th ging, lm ba p vo kim ho, nh cch bn, kho an ton v chng n sm khi cha ng kho chc chn. + Cu to:  Hnh 25: B phn c (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B phn y v + Tc dng:  y b kho nng, kho nng v pha trc v gi np hp kho nng. + Cu to:  Hnh 26: B phn y v (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn + Tc dng:  dn thoi chuyn ng, gi sng v bo v tay khi nng khi bn. + Cu to:  Hnh 27: ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Bng sng v tay cm + Tc dng:  t sng vo vai v gi sng khi bn. + Cu to:  bng sng, tay cm,  cha ng ph tng, khuy lung dy sng.  Hnh 28: Bng sng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Hp tip n + Tc dng:  cha n v tip n cho sng. + Cu to:  Hnh 29: Hp tip n (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - L + Tc dng:  dit ch khi nh gn, dng thay dao, ca, ko ct dy thp gai. + Cu to:  Hnh 30: Li l (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Ph tng + Tc dng:  tho lp, lau chi v sa cha sng + Cu to:  Hnh 31: Ph tng Hnh 31: Ph tng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 2.3.2. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca n: (Xem  phn binh kh sng trng CKC). 2.4. Chuyn ng ca sng 2.4.1. Khi bn lin thanh - Gt cn nh cch bn v v tr bn lin thanh, mu   ln ui ly pht mt lm ly pht mt khng xoay quanh trc c. - Bp c, ngom gi ba ri khi tai ba, ba nh tc dng ca l xo p vo ui kim ho, kim ho chc vo ht la, ht la pht la t chy thuc phng, thuc phng chy sinh ra p lc y u n chuyn ng. Khi u n qua l trch kh thuc, mt phn kh thuc pht qua l truyn kh thuc y vo mt thoi y b kho nng li. Khi b kho nng li, cc b phn chuyn ng nh khi ln n, ch khc: + Kho nng ko theo v n gp mu ht v n, ht v n ra ngoi. + Tay vn bp c, ngom gi ba  pha trc nn ba khng b gi li khi u ly bo him ri khi khc ui ba th ba li tip tc p vo kim ho lm n n. C nh vy mi hot ng c lp li cho n khi ht n.  Hnh 32:V tr cc chi tit b phn c khi bn lin thanh (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Khi bn ht n, mt kho nng nm st mt ct pha sau nng sng, mt ba t vo ui kim ho. - Nu cn n th c ra, ngom gi ba ng v sau mc vo tai ba gi ba  th ging 2.4.2. Khi bn pht mt Gt cn nh cch bn v v tr bn pht mt, mu  khng  ln ly pht mt, lm cho ly pht mt xoay cng trc c. Khi bp c hot ng ca cc b phn ca sng nh bn lin thanh, ch khc: Khi ba ng v sau, do vn bp c nn khc mc ly pht mt ca ba mc vo khc u ly pht mt, mun bn tip phi th tay c  ly pht mt ng v sau, ba ri khi khc mc ly pht mt ca ba, ba p ln nhng b ngom gi ba  th ging,...  Hnh 33: V tr cc chi tit b phn c khi bn pht mt (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 3. Sng trung lin RP c 7,62 mm 3.1 Tc dng v tnh nng chin u 3.1.1 Tc dng Sng trung lin kiu e ta rp c 7,62mm do Lin X (ci) ch to, gi tt l P. Trung Quc sn xut da theo kiu ca Lin X gi l trung lin K56. Vit Nam gi l sng trung lin RP. Sng trung lin RP l loi vi kh t ng, c ha lc mnh ca tiu i b binh, do mt ngi s dng, dng  tiu dit sinh lc ch tp trung, nhng mc tiu l quan trng hoc nhng ha im ca ch trong vng 800m chi vin cho b binh xung phong.  Hnh 34: Sng trung lin RP (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 3.1.2. Tnh nng chin u: - Sng ch bn c lin thanh, c th bn lot ngn (t 2 5 vin), lot di (t 6 10 vin) hay bn lin tc. - Tm bn ghi trn thc ngm t 1-10 tng ng vi c ly bn ngoi thc a t 10  1000m. - Tm bn hiu qu + Mc tiu mt t, mt nc: 800m + Bn my bay hoc qun d: 500m - Tm bn thng: + i vi mc tiu ngi nm (cao 0,5m) l 365m + i vi mc tiu ngi chy (cao 1,5m) l 540m - Tc  u ca u n: 735m/s - Tc  bn: + L thuyt: 650 pht/pht + Chin u: 150 pht/pht. - Khi lng ca sng: 7,4kg, lp  100 vin n: 9kg - Sng bn n kiu 1943 do Lin X sn xut hoc n kiu 1956 do Trung Quc sn xut. Sng dng chung n vi sng trng CKC, sng trng t ng K63, sng tiu lin AK v sng trung lin RPK. 3.2. Cu to chung ca sng v n 3.2.1. Cu to chung ca sng - Nng sng - B phn ngm - Hp kha nng - B phn tip n v np hp kha nng - B kha nng v thoi y - Kha nng - Tay ko b kha nng - B phn c v bng sng - B phn y v - Bng n v hp bng n - Chn sng 3.2.2.Cu to chung ca n V n, ht la, thuc phng, u n. 3.3. Tn gi, tc dng, cu to cc b phn ca sng 3.3.1. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca sng - Nng sng + Tc dng: Lm bung t v chu p lc kh thuc; nh hng bay cho u n; To cho u n c tc  u nht nh; Lm cho u n xoay trn quanh trc ca n khi vn ng. + Cu to:  Hnh 35: Nng sng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B phn ngm + Tc dng:  ngm bn vo cc mc tiu  c li khc nhau. + Cu to:  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 36: B phn ngm (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Hp kha nng + Tc dng:  lin kt cc b phn ca sng, hng cho b kho nng v kho nng chuyn ng. + Cu to:  Hnh 37: Hp kho nng 1. Khc t; 2. Rnh trt; 3. Mu ht v n; 4. Rnh dc; 5. G trt; 6. Khuyt ngang; 7. Cht gi b phn c; 8. Then hm gi cht ca hp kho nng; 9. Ca lp b phn tip n; 10. B lp hp bng; 11. Tay hm; 12. L lp trc gi b phn tip n. (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh, Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - B phn tip n v np hp kha nng + Tc dng:  ko bng n, a n vo thng ng tin ca sng y n. Np hp kho nng  lin kt cc b phn tip n v y pha trn hp kho nng. + Cu to:  Hnh 38: B phn tip n v np hp kho nng a) Bn  bng n; b) Bn mng ko bng;c) Mng ko bng; d) cn mng ko bng ; e) cn gt; 1. Mng gi bng; 2. G tch bng; 3. Ca dc; 4. Np che bi; 5. L cha trc lin kt; 6. G trt; 7. Rnh dc; 8. Cn n n; 9. L lp trc t; 10.Dp gi; 11. Trc lin kt; 12. Rnh trt; 13. Ngom ko; 14. Rnh cha u mng ko bng; 15. L hnh ch nht; 16. L trn; 17. L bu dc; 18. Trc;19. Mu hm; 20. Trc gi ui cn mng ko bng; 21. Mng ln. (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh, Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - B kha nng v thoi y + Tc dng: B kho nng lm cho kho nng chuyn ng; thoi y  chu sc y ca p sut kh thuc lm cho b kho nng li. + Cu to:  Hnh 39:B kho nng v thoi y (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Kha nng +Tc dng:  y n vo bung n, ng, m nng sng, ko v n ra khi bung n. + Cu to  Hnh 40: Kha nng a) Thn kha, e) L xo mc n,b) Phin kha, g) Trc mc n,c) Kim ha, d) Mc n h) Cht gi kim ha1 . L cha kim ha, 2. L lp trc mc n, 3. L lp cht gi kim ha, 4.  cha t n, 5.  cha mc n, 6. Sng y n, 7. Khe dc, 8. Khuyt lp phin kha, 9. Sng nh hng chuyn ng ca kha nng, 10. Ngom mc n, 11. Khuyt  cha trc mc n, 12. Khuyt  mc v cht gi kim ha, 13. Chn phin kha, 14. Mt t.(Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh, Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - Tay ko b kha nng + Tc dng:  ko b kho nng v sau khi lp n. + Cu to:  Hnh 41:Tay ko b kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - B phn c v bng sng + Tc dng: B phn c  gi b kho nng v kho nng  pha sau thnh th sn sng bn, gii phng b kho nng, ng hoc m kho an ton. Bng sng  t vai khi bn v cha hp ph tng. + Cu to:  a. Khung c v bng sng nhn bn phi, b. Ly c, c. L xo ly c, d. Tay c, e) Trc tay c, g) Kha an ton, h) Dp hm. 1. Khung c, 2. Rnh dc, 3. L lp cht ngang 4. Vnh c, 5. Khuyt nh v tr cn kha an ton, 6. Tay cm, 7. c lp kt khung c vi bng sng, 8. Bng sng, 9. Np y, 10. Dp hm np y, 11. Ngom tay c, 12. Then kha an ton, 13. Cn kha an ton.Hnh 42: B phn c v bng sng (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - B phn y v + Tc dng:  lun y b kha nng v trc. + Cu to:  Hnh 43:B phn y v (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Bng n v hp bng n + Tc dng:  cha n v chuyn n vo b phn tip n. + Cu to: Mt bng n kiu na h  lp vin n; hp bng  cha bng n, mi hp cha c 2 on dy bng mi on lp c 50 vin.  Hnh 44: Bng n v hp bng a.Bng n, b.Hp bng 1. Mt bng, 2.Mu cong, 3. Mu c, 4. L thp mng, 5. Thn hp, 6. Np hp, 7. Tay hm, 8. Ca hp tip n, 9. Np y, 10. Mp gp, 11. Quai xch(Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - Chn sng + Tc dng:   sng khi bn. + Cu to:  Hnh 45:Chn sng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Ph tng + Tc dng:  tho lp, lau chi bi du cho sng. Ph tng sng gm c: thng nng, cc thng nng, c l, doa lau ng dn thoi, doa lau ng trch kh, tng cht, ci ly v n t, hp ng ph tng, l ng du v chi bi du. + Cu to:  Hnh 46: Ph tng Cc loi ph tng b) Xp ph tng trong hp 1. Thng nng, 2. u thng nng, 3. C l, 4. C l vn u ngm, 5. Doa lau ng dn thoi, 6. Doa lau ng trch kh, 7. Tng cht, 8. Cn thng nng, 9. Ci ly v n t, 10. Hp ng ph tng, 11. L ng du v chi bi du (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). 3.3.2. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca n: (Xem  phn binh kh sng trng CKC). 3.4. Chuyn ng ca sng Xoay cn kha an ton v v tr m, lp bng n vo bn nng n, ko tay ko b kha nng v sau, bp c. B kha nng, kha nng lao v pha trc y vin n vo bng n, ng kha nng, kim ha p vo ht la lm u n n. Khi u n i qua l trch kh, mt phn kh thuc qua khu truyn kh thuc p vo mt thoi, y b kha nng li, m kha nng. Kha nng li ko theo v n ra khi bung n, gp mu ht v n ra ngoi. B kha nng li, l xo y v b phn p li, b phn tip n ko bng n sang bn phi cho vin n tip sau vo thng ng tin ca sng y n. B kha nng li ht mc b l xo y v lm cho b kha nng, kha nng lao v trc y vin n tip theo vo bung n, ng kha nng lm n n. Hot ng ca sng lp li cho n khi ngng bp c hoc ht n. Khi ngng bp c m cn n, b kha nng  v tr pha sau (bp c tip l n n). Khi ht n b kha nng  v tr pha trc. Chuyn ng cc b phn ca sng khi bn - M kho an ton (nu ang kho), bp c, ngom tay c ko ui ly c tt xung, l xo ly c b p li. ui ly c ri khi khc  b kho nng, l xo y v bung ra y b kho nng v kho nng tin. B kho nng tin, tr gt  b kho nng trt trong mng ln  cn gt lm cho cn gt v cn mng ko bng chuyn ng; khi cn gt v cn mng ko bng chuyn ng lm cho mng ko bng trt qua mt bng n th 2 sang bn tri  chun b ko bng n sang bn phi, cho vin n th 2 vo thng ng tin ca sng y n. Sng y n y c vin n th nht tch qua na h mt bng lao vo bung n. Mc n mc vo g y v n, kim ho b y v n y li v sau, ui kim ho th ra  mt ct sau kho nng. - Kho nng tin st mt ct pha sau nng sng th dng li, b kho nng tip tc tin, mu ng m  b kho nng tch 2 phin kho ra cho mt t  2 phin kho t vo 2 khc t  hp kho nng, kho nng  th ng, ng thi mt trc ca mu ng m p vo ui kim ho, kim ho chc vo ht la, ht la pht la t chy thuc phng, thuc phng chy sinh ra p lc kh thuc y u n i. Khi u n va qua l trch kh thuc, mt phn kh thuc pht qua l trch kh xung khu truyn kh thuc p vo mt thoi y lm thoi y v b kho nng li, khi u n va ra khi ming nng sng th ng thi kho nng  th m v li theo. Khi b kho nng v kho nng li v sau, chuyn ng cc b phn ca sng nh khi ln n. Ch khc: + Mc n ko v n ra khi bung n, gp mu ht v n, v n b ht qua ca thot v n ra ngoi. + Tay vn bp c, ui ly c vn b ko tt xung nn b kho nng khng b ly c gi li. + Khi b kho nng li v sau ht c, l xo y v bung ra y b kho nng v kho nng tin v mi chuyn ng ca sng lp li nh trn cho n khi ht n. Ngng bp c, khc  b kho nng mc vo ui ly c, b kho nng v kho nng  pha sau. Sng  t th sn sng bn. Khi ht n, b kho nng v kho nng  pha trc. 4. Sng dit tng B41 4.1 Tc dng v tnh nng chin u 4.1.1.Tc dng Sng dit tng cm tay c 40mm do Lin X ch to, gi tt l -7B, Vit Nam gi l sng B41. Sng B41 l loi vi kh c uy lc mnh ca phn i b binh do 1 ngi hoc 1 t s dng, dng  tiu dit xe tng, xe bc thp, l ct& v sinh lc ca ch n np trong cng s hoc cc vt kin trc khng kin c.  Hnh 47: Sng dit tng B.41 (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 4.1.2. Tnh nng chin u - Tm bn ghi trn thc ngm c kh v knh ngm quang hc t 100  500m. - Tm bn thng ca sng vi mc tiu cao 2,7m: 330m - Tc  bn chin u t 4 n 6 pht/1 pht. - Tc  u ca n 120m/s. Tc  ln nht: 300m/s - n c 85mm, cu to theo nguyn l n lm, chm n. Sc xuyn ca n khng ph thuc vo c ly bn v tc  bay. Gc chm 65  xuyn c thp dy 110mm, xuyn c b tng dy 900mm, xuyn ct trn 800mm. - Khi lng ca sng: 6,3kg; knh ngm 0,5kg; n 2,2kg 4.2 Cu to chung ca sng v n 4.2.1. Cu to chung ca sng Sng dit tng B41 cu to theo nguyn l khng git. Gm 5 b phn chnh: - Nng sng - B phn ngm c kh - B phn c v tay cm - B phn kim ho - B phn knh ngm quang hc Ph tng ng b ca sng gm: Thng nng, ph tng, ba l, dy sng, np che u v ui nng. 4.2.2. Cu to chung ca n n B41 cu to theo nguyn l n lm v chm n. Gm 4 b phn chnh: u n; ng thuc y; ui n v ng thuc phng; ngi n 4.3. Tn gi, tc dng, cu to ca sng v n 4.3.1. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca sng - Nng sng + Tc dng:  lm bung t v chu p lc ca kh thuc, nh hng bay cho n, to cho n tc  ban u nht nh + Cu to: Nng sng cu to bng hai ng thp pha trc v sau c ni lin vi nhau bng van c, gm c: Khuyt lp n  lm c khi lp n. B u ngm v b thc ngm  lin kt thn u ngm v thn thc ngm vi nng sng. Tai np hp c  lp hp c v gi hp c vi sng. B lp knh ngm quang hc c g mang c. Pha di on ng c  kim ho. Bn trong c l kim ho xuyn qua thnh nng sng. Pha trc c mu gi v tai np hp c, ng knh ca on ng l 40mm l c sng. Tay cm ph. on nng phnh rng  cha kh thuc, lm gim p sut kh thuc nn vo thnh nng khi p sut kh thuc trong nng tng ln v to iu kin cho thuc chy ht  c lc y ln nht. on nng hnh nn ct c ng knh nh nht  to cho p sut kh thuc nhanh chng t n gi tr cn thit, lm tng tc  pht kh thuc v sau, to cho n c tc  u ln nht. ui hnh loa c vnh tn  lm gim la pht v sau khi bn v gi cho t ct bi bn khng lt vo trong nng sng, p che nng  cm v t vai khi bn. - B phn ngm c kh + Tc dng:  ngm bn vo mc tiu khi khng c knh ngm quang hc. + Cu to:  Hnh 48:B phn ngm c kh 1. Thn u ngm; 2. u ngm du (-). u ngm du (+); 4. Vng bo v; 5. Khung bo v du ngm khi gp; 6. Thn thc ngm; 7. Khe ngm; 8. C ngm; 9. Khung bo v thc ngm khi gp; 10. L bu dc. (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh 2015). u ngm: C hai u ngm khc nhau. u ngm ph c du (+)  bn khi nhit  khng kh trn 0oC. u ngm chnh c du (-)  bn khi nhit  khng kh di 0oC. Thc ngm: C thn thc ngm c cc s t 2 n 5 ng vi c li bn  thc a t 200 n 500m. Bn phi thc ngm c khc  gi c ngm  tng v tr theo c li bn. C ngm:  iu chnh c li bn, trn c ngm c khe ngm v l bu dc  nhn c vch khc v s trn thc ngm. Bn tri c nm iu chnh. - B phn c v tay cm + Tc dng:  kho an ton khi lp n, gii phng ba. + Cu to:  Hnh 49:B phn c (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Hp c  lin kt cc chi titbn trong ca c, gm c: Vnh c, l lp cht hp c, trc lp ba, khuyt cha mu gi hp c, l cha ui cn cn y, khuyt tho np cn y, tay cm v np hp c. Tay c  bp c. Ba  p vo ui kim ho khi bp c, gm c: L lp trc ba, khc ging ba, khc an ton, mt ba, mu ging ba, khuyt sau ba. Cn y v l xo cn y  y ba p vo kim ho khi bp c, gm c: u y (u di) v u t (u ngn)  khp vo khuyt sau ba, cn cn y, l xo cn y. Ly c  khi ging ba mu u ly c gi ba  th ging. Kho an ton  gi an ton cho sng sau khi  lp n. - B phn kim ho + Tc dng:  chc vo ht la. + Cu to: Kim ho, l xo kim ho, vnh t l xo kim ho, np  kim ho.  Hnh 50:B phn kim ho (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Knh ngm quang hc: l b phn ngm chnh ca sng. + Tc dng:  o c li mc tiu, ngm bn, quan st n v kim tra hiu chnh sng. + Cu to:  Hnh 51:Knh ngm quang hc (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Thn knh ngm  lp h thng knh quang hc, b phn chiu sng; nm hiu chnh tm v nm hiu chnh hng: Nm hiu chnh hng  hiu chnh hng, bn ngoi c np bo v, bn trong c inh vt  vn khi hiu chnh. Nm hiu chnh tm  hiu chnh tm, bn ngoi c du (+), (-) v vch chun. Khi bn  nhit  t 0c tr ln th dng du (+)  hiu chnh. Khi bn  nhit  di 0c th dng du (-)  hiu chnh. Mt di ca nm hiu chnh c ba c nh  hm,  gia c mt inh vt  vn hiu chnh. Np cao su  bo v knh. B phn t  t trn khi bn. Loa cao su tip mt  nh sng khng b phn tn. np bng n, cng tc  in: Bt ln l m, bt xung l tt. Rnh mang c  lp knh vo sng, c ly v trc hm  gi knh. B phn chiu sng  chiu sng knh vch khc khi bn ban m v thi tit lnh di 0c,c ng ng c quy, c quy, bng n 2,5V, pin v cng tc in. H thng knh quang hc  thu nh, quay nh mc tiu v ngm bn, gm c:  Hnh 52:Knh vch khc (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Knh vch khc  o c ly mc tiu v ngm bn (hnh 52): Kim vch khc c du Dng  lm chun thi hiu chnh knh ngm, cc vch ngang (vch khc tm) c ghi s 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 l cc s ch trm tng ng vi tm bn t 100  500m. Vch khc tm kp tng ng vi tm bn 300m l tm bn thng ca sng. Cc vch dc (vch khc hng)  bn vch hng kp c ghi cc s 1, 2, 3, 4, 5  ngm n v sc gi. Cc vch cch nhau 10 li gic. Vch hng kp l vch chun hng. ng cong t on v vch ngang  bn phi pha di knh l thc o c ly mc tiu cao 2,7m  Cc s 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 l cc s ch trm tng ng vi c ly 200m, 400m, 600m, 800m, 1000m, cc vch  cc s 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 tng ng vi c ly o 300m, 500m, 700m, 900m. S 2, 7  di vch ngang l s ch chiu cao mc tiu 2,7m. B phn chiu sng:  chiu sng knh vch khc trong m ti. Ph tng: + Thng nng, ci vn vt, tng cht, ng tho lp cn y, hp du, ba l ng n. + Ph tng v trang b ca knh ngm quang hc  tho lp, lau chi, thay th v kim tra hiu chnh sng, gm c: Ci vn vt, knh mu (c loi mu xanh dng khi tri nng, loi mu vng dng khi tri rm), vi mm, ti ng v mt s b phn  thay th knh ngm 4.3.2. Tn gi, tc dng cu to ca n n B41 cu to theo nguyn l n lm v chm n. Gm 4 b phn chnh: u n; ng thuc y; ui n v ng thuc phng; Ngi n.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 53:n sng dit tng B41 (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - u n: + Tc dng:  tiu dit, ph hu cc mc tiu. + Cu to:  Hnh 54:u n (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - ng thuc y + Tc dng:  tng thm tc  bay ca n. + Cu to:   Hnh 55:ng thuc y phn lc 1. ng m; 2. Liu thuc bc la; 3. Liu thuc; 4. ng cha liu thuc; 5. c m; 6. Kim ho; 7. L xo an ton; 8. Thn b phn pht ho chy chm;10. Ht la; 11.  ht la. (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - ui n v thuc phng + Tc dng:  gi thng bng cho n khi bay v y n ra khi nng sng khi thuc phng chy + Cu to:  Hnh 56:ui n 1. V ng c hnh trnh; 2. c y ng c hnh trnh; 3. V ng giy; 4. Liu chm la ph; 5. Cnh ui; 6. Liu chm la chnh; 7. ng ui; 8. Thuc phng; 9. Tuyc-bin; 10. m xp; 11. ng thuc vch ng; 12. Vnh thp; 13. Ht la. (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - u n + Tc dng:  lm n n khi chm mc tiu. + Cu to: B phn sinh in  sinh ra in khi n chm mc tiu, c lp  u qu n gm c: Cht sinh in, ming cch in, np bo him, cht gi, dy vi  rt cht. B phn u n  lm n qu n gm: Kp n, thn u n c khi trt, hi bn khi trt c bi v cht hm khi trt. Bn trong khi trt c kp in  khi n kch thch kp mi n. Cht hm khi trt  gi khi trt  v tr an ton. Trc qun tnh v l xo trc qun tnh  m bi gi khi trt. B phn pht la ca u n  pht la t chy thuc chy chm v thuc chy gi cht hm c ht la, l xo v kim ho. B phn t hu. V cch in.  b phn u n.  Hnh 57: B phn sinh in 1. Thn b phn sinh in; 2. Cht sinh in; 3. Ming cch in; 4. Cng tc ca mch in ngoi; 5. Np gi cng tc mch in ngoi; 6. V bc u b phn sinh in; 7. Np b phn sinh in; 8. Cht gi np b phn sinh in; 9. Cng tc mch in trong; 10. Vnh m cao su. 1.  l xo; 2. L xo trc qun tnh; 3. Trc qun tnh; 4. Bi gi cht trt; 5. Thn u n;V cch in; 7. Kp n mi; 8. Kp n; 9. Khi trt; 10. Ming m; 11. Kp in; 12. Ming chn l xo khi trt; 13. L xo khi trt; 14.  b phn u n; 15.  cch in; 16. Cng tc b phn u n(Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). 4.4. Chuyn ng cc b phn ca sng v n 4.4.1. V tr ca b phn c v b phn kim ho trc khi ging ba - Ly c  u tay c ng v sau, ui c v trc. - Mu u ly c khp vo khc an ton ca ui ba. - L xo cn y  th bnh thng hi p li. - u t vo u ly khp vo khuyt sau ba. - Then an ton chn vo mu t ui c lm cho tay c khng chuyn ng c. - L xo kim ho y kim ho tt xung, ui kim ho nh ra ngoi l nh  np  kim ho. 4.4.2. Chuyn ng ca b phn c khi ging ba - Dng tay n mu ging ba, khuyt sau ba t vo u y ca cn y, p l xo cn y xung. - Mu u ly c khp vo khc ging ba, gi ba  th ging. - Then an ton vn chm vo mu t ui tay c nh khi cha ging ba. 4.4.3. Chuyn ng ca b phn c v kim ho khi m kho an ton bp c - n then an ton sang tri (m kho an ton), khuyt  then kho an ton thng vi hng li ca mu t ui c. - Bp c: Vng ui tay c li v sau (mu t li vo khuyt ngang  thanh an ton). u tay c v trc nng ly c ln, mu y ly ri khi khc ging ba. Cn y nh sc bung ra ca l xo y ba p ln trn. Do qun tnh, ba p vt qua v tr khi cha ging v p vo ui kim ho. - Khi ba  p, u t khp vo pha sau ba, y ui ba tr li nn ba khng  v tr trn m tr v ngay v tr trc khi cha ging ba (mt ba v ui kim ho c khong cch). - Kim ho sau khi b ba p, p l xo li, u kim ho nh ln chc vo ht la, xong l xo kim ho li y kim ho tt xung v tr ban u. 4.4.4. Chuyn ng ca n Chuyn ng ca n khi bn n i (t khi kim ho p vo ht la cho n ht giai on n bay) khi qu n ra khi ming nng khong 2,5 n 18m th u n ca n  ht an ton. - Khi bp c, kim ho p vo ht la, lm bt tia la t chy thuc mi ph v thuc mi chnh  ui n. Thuc mi chy pht la qua cc l  ui n lm thuc phng v thuc vch ng chy. Thuc phng chy, kh thuc y nt nha xp  ui ng thuc phng qua on hnh nn ct  nng sng lm cho p sut kh thuc tng nhanh y n bay ra khi nng sng, ng thi kh thuc y vo tuc-bin lm cho qu n quay ngay khi cha ra khi ming nng sng. Khi n va ra khi nng sng: do n quay to thnh lc li tm v dng khng kh  x n, cnh ui n c m ra  n nh hng cho qu n trn ng bay. - Khi n va ra khi ming nng sng do c lc qun tnh, nn cng mt lc cc b phn ca n chuyn ng nh sau: Thuc y chy: Ht la ca ng thuc y p l xo p vo u kim ho lm bt tia la t chy thuc chy chm, thuc mi v khi thuc y. Thuc y chy, kh thuc pht mnh ra 6 l pht kh phn lc tng tc  bay cho n. Chuyn ng ca u n: Ht la ca u n p l xo p vo u kim ho lm bt tia la, t chy thuc chy chm ca b phn t hu v thuc chy gi cht hm khi trt. Cht hm khi trt khng cn thuc chn ng sau, nn tht vo trong thn u n  m cht hm khi trt. - Trc qun tnh p l xo li lm cho vin bi chn  ui trc qun tnh ri xung  l xo. Khi lc qun tnh mt dn, l xo li y trc qun tnh ln pha trn. Do khng c bi chn  ui trc qun tnh, nn trc qun tnh b y ln v tr trn cng ca l cha lm cho vin bi gi khi trt lt vo on nh  trc qun tnh  m bi gi khi trt. - Khi khi trt  c m, bi v cht hm l xo khi trt bung ra y khi trt sang ngang  a kp in vo v tr ni mch in. Mch in lc ny  c ni, nhng khi n cha chm mc tiu n vn cha n. Lc ny u n  ht an ton. - Khi n chm vo mc tiu: Khi n chm mc tiu b phn sinh in chu mt sc p sinh ra in lm n kp in. Kp in n lm kp mi, kp n ca u n n, kp n n lm thuc n n. Thuc n n, phu n tp trung nhit  v p sut to thnh lung xuyn  xuyn thng v t chy mc tiu. Trng hp n khng chm mc tiu, thuc chy chm ca b phn t hu n, cing lm cho qu n n. 5. Lu n cn 97 Vit Nam, Lu n (-1 5.1. Lu n cn 97 Vit Nam 5.1.1. Tc dng v tnh nng chin u - Lu n cn 97 trang b cho tng ngi trong chin u, dng  st thng sinh lc v ph hu cc phng tin chin tranh ca ch bng mnh kim loi v sc p ca kh thuc. - Thi gian chy chm: 3,2s n 4,2s - Bn knh st thng: 5 m. - Khi lng ton b : 450g 5.1.2. Cu to:   Hnh 58: Lu n cn 97Hnh 59:B phn gy n lu n cn 97 (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho hc sinh cc trng trung cp chuyn nghip. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 5.1.3. Chuyn ng gy n - Lc bnh thng, cht an ton gi khng cho cn by bt ln, cn by  kim ho ng v sau thnh th dng. - Rt cht an ton, cn by bt ln ri khi tai gi, l xo y kim ho p v pha trc (theo kiu p vng), kim ho chc vo ht la, ht la pht la t chy dy chy chm, dy chy chm pht la vo kp, kp n gy n lu n. 5.2. Lu n (-1 5.2.1. Tc dng v tnh nng chin u - Lu n (-1trang b cho tng ngi trong chin u, dng  st thng sinh lc v ph hu cc phng tin chin tranh ca ch bng mnh kim loi v sc p ca kh thuc. - Thi gian chy chm: 3,2s n 4,2s - Bn knh st thng: 5 m. - Khi lng ton b : 450g 5.2.2. Cu to  Hnh 60: Lu n (-1 (phi -1) (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho hc sinh cc trng trung cp chuyn nghip. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 5.2.3. Chuyn ng gy n ca lu n - Lc bnh thng, cht an ton gi khng cho cn by bt ln, u cn by gi ui kim ho, l xo kim ho b p li. - Rt cht an ton, ui cn by bt ln, u cn by ri khi ui kim ho, l xo kim ho bung ra y kim ho chc vo ht la, ht la pht la t chy dy chy chm, dy chy chm pht la gy n kp, kp n gy n lu n. B. HNG DN K THUT S DNG MT S LOI Vh KH B BINH 1. K thut tho v lp mt s loi vi kh b binh 1.1. Sng trng CKC 1.1.1. Quy tc tho lp sng Tho lp thng thng  lau chi, bi du v kim tra sng. Khi tho lp phi tun theo qui tc sau y: - Ngi tho lp phi nm vng cu to ca chng. - Trc khi tho sng phi kim tra xem trong sng cn n khng (khm sng). Nu cn n phi tho ht n ra mi c tho sng. - Phi chn ni kh ro, sch s  tho lp. Trc khi tho lp phi chun b y  cc dng c (bn hoc chiu, bt, ni lng& ), ph tng  tho lp. - Khi tho lp phi dng ng ph tng, ng th t ng tc v t cc b phn  tho c th t gn gng, ngn np. Khi gp vng mc kh tho hoc kh lp phi nghin cu thn trng, khng dng sc mnh p, by lm hng sng. 1.1.2. Tho v lp sng - Tho sng Khm sng: M hp tip n kim tra sng. Tay tri nm p lt tay, u sng hng ln trn, mt sng quay sang tri tay phi gt cn nh cch bn v v tr bn, ko theo kho nng v ngn ci hoc ngn tr t vo ly gi hp tip n ko xung, m hp tip n ra, m kha an ton v v tr bn, ngn ci ko b kha nng xung di ht c th ra khng bp c. + Bc 1: Tho ng ng ph tng Tay tri nm p lt tay, nhc sng ln khi mt bn 20cm, tay phi dng ngn tr n np  cha ph tng vo ht c, u ngn tay t vo u ng ph tng, ly ng ph tng ra khi  cha ph tng. Hai tay kt hp m np ng ph tng, tho ri ph tng ra khi ng ng t ln bn.  Hnh 61: Tho ng ph tng (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Bc 2: Tho thng nng Tay tri nm u bng sng dng sng thng ng trn bn, tay phi nm chui l ko, m l ra khong 45, sau  ko thng nng sang phi sao cho u thng nng ri khi khuyt cha, ly thng nng ra ri gp l li  Hnh 62: Tho thng nng (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Bc 3: Tho np hp kho nng v b phn y v t sng trn bn ming nng sng hng v trc, mt sng hng ln trn; tay tri nm c bng sng, ngn tay ci hi y np hp kho nng v trc, tay phi quay then hm np hp kho nng ln trn 90o, ko then hm sang phi ht c, ly np hp kho nng ra, rt b phn y v ra.  Hnh 63: Tho np hp kho nng v b phn y v (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Bc 4: Tho b kho nng v kho nng Tay tri gi sng nh ci, tay phi chong ln b kha nng ko v sau, hi nghing mt sng sang phi, tay phi ly b kha nng v kha nng ra khi hp kha nng. Tay tri t sng xung bn, cm kha nng tho ra khi b kha nng. + Bc 5: Tho ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn  Hnh 64: Tho ng dn thoi v p lt tay (Ngun: Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  cao ng ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). Tay tri nm sng (trn hp tip n), tay phi dng tng cht hoc ngn tr xoay cn trc hm ln trn 45o (sao cho mt phng trc hm i din vi mt phng sau ng dn thoi); Tay tri nng u nng sng ln, tay phi nhc ui ng dn thoi ln ly ra, tay tri t sng xung kt hp hai tay ly thoi y ra khi ng dn thoi. - Lp sng +Bc 1: Lp ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn Tay phi cm ng dn thoi, tay tri lp thoi y vo ng, tay tri nm bng sng, trn hp tip n nng u sng ln, tay phi lp u ng dn thoi vo  nn kh, n ui ng xung, xoay cn hm xung ht mc. + Bc 2: Lp kho nng v b kho nng Tay phi cm nga b kho nng, u b kho nng v trc, tay tri lp thn kho nng vo b, nm c bng sng, mt sng hi nghing sang phi. Tay phi cm b kho nng v kho nng lp vo hp kho nng, y b kho nng ln trn, tay tri ri c bng sng n ly bo ht n xung, tay phi y b kho nng v trc ht c. + Bc 3: Lp b phn y v v np hp kho nng Tay phi lp b phn y v vo  cha, tip tc lp np hp kho nng vo hp kho nng, dng ngn ci n ui np hp kho nng v trc, tay phi dng cn hm ln trn 90o, y cht hm sang tri ht mc, xoay cn hm xung  cho mu ca cn khp vi khuyt  hp kho nng. Kim tra chuyn ng ca sng Tay tri cm c bng sng nng ln, tay phi m hp tip n, m kho an ton ko kho nng v sau 2- 3 ln, nu sng chuyn ng tt l c, bp cht c, ng np hp tip n, kho an ton. + Bc 4: Lp thng nng Tay tri cm u bng sng dng ng trn bn, tay phi m l, cm thng nng lp vo sng, a u thng nng lt vo khuyt cha, gp l li. + Bc 5: Lp ng ph tng Hai tay kt hp a ph tng vo hp ph tng, y np li, a hp ph tng vo l cha. 1.1.3. Lp v tho n Lp n vo kp n. Tay tri cm kp n, tay phi cm vin n lp tng vin vo kp sao cho g y v n khp vi g ca 2 thnh kp n, c nh vy lp  10 vin n. Tho n ra khi kp n. Tay tri cm kp n, tay phi ly tng vin n ra khi kp n. 1.1.4. Hng hc thng thng khi bn v cch khc phc: HIN TNGNGUYN NHNCCH KHC PHCKho nng tin st mt ct pha sau nng sng, n khng vo bung n- Hp tip n bp mo han g - Cn nng n yu, bn nng n cong vnh- Lau sch hp tip n - a v trm sa chaBa p v trc nhng n khng n- Ht la thi - Kim ho gy hoc kt du m - L xo ba yu- Ln n tip tc bn - Thay kim ho (nu gy) - Thay l xo baKho nng y n vo bung n, bp c ba khng p- Kho nng cha kho chc chn do l xo y v yu. - Kho nng hp kho nng bn.- y kho nng v trc ht c, tip tc bn. - Lau sch, bi du hp kho nng.Kho nng li ht v sau, v n vn  trong bung n- Bung n bn do han g, mc n mn gy.- Lau sch bi du - a v trm sa chaKho nng li ko theo v n ra na chng li y v n v trc- L truyn kh thuc bn. - Kha nng bn. - Lau sch l truyn kh thuc. - Bi du cc b phn chuyn ng ca sng.Bn b n lin thanh-B phn c qu bn, l xo ly c yu, mu dm cn y ly c ca ly pht 1 b gy.- Tho n, tho b phn c lau sch, kim tra li chuyn ng tip tc bn. Nu l xo ly c yu hoc ly pht 1 hng phi thay th.1.1.5. Lau chi, kim tra, chun b sng, n  bn - Lau chi Sng phi lun gi gn sch s v tt, mun vy phi lau chi, bi du cho sng sch s, kp thi, vic lau chi do c nhn t gic lau, hoc t chc ch huy lau, khi t chc ch huy lau phi cht ch, ng thi quy nh mc tho, lau chi v bi du, thc hin cc quy nh sau: + Sng phi thng xuyn lau chi hng ngy, cui bui hc tp v cng tc; + Lau chi sau khi hnh qun n a im mi; + Lau chi sau khi hc tp, lm nhim v trc ban, trc chin; + Lau chi sau khi sng b dnh ct, bi t hoc gp ma; + Lau chi sau khi bn n tht hoc n hi; + Lau chi sau khi chin u lin tc di ngy, trong qu trnh chin u phi tranh th khong cch gia cc trn chin u  lau chi bo qun sng n; + Sau khi lau sch s phi bi du bn trong v bn ngoi cho sng. - Kim tra sng n + Kim tra cu to sng Cc s ghi trn sng phi thng nht ng b, thc ngm phi dng gp d dng, cn nh cch bn v kho an ton phi xoay c cc v tr d dng v ti v tr phi chc chn, trong nng sng phi sch s khng cong, phnh, bp mo, han g, hp kho nng cc b phn phi . + Kim tra chuyn ng sng Khi kim tra phi t c cc iu kin sau: M kho an ton, m np hp tip n, ko b kho nng v sau ht c, th tay ko kho nng ra, kho nng phi tin st pha sau nng sng, bp c nghe ting  tch ba p vo kim ho l c. Gi nguyn c, ko b kho nng v sau ht c th ra, khi kho nng tin st pha sau nng sng ba khng p vo kim ho, th tay c ra bp c ba p vo kim ho l c. ng np hp tip n li, ko b kho nng v sau ht c, th tay ko b kho nng ra b ly bo ht n gi li  pha sau. Khi thay i v tr kho an ton, kho an ton phi c gi li chc chn  cc v tr. + Kim tra n n khng dnh du m, m t, han g, v n khng c vt rn nt, u n khng cong vnh. - Kim tra sng n  bn Giai on tp bn, kim tra bn n tht, ngi bn phi tin hnh kim tra chun b sng n  bn + Kim tra sng n: nh kim tra  trn + Lau chi bi du cho sng + Lau chi n sch s v kim tra bung n, hp tip n + Thc hin lp n vo hp tip n: Tay tri cm kp n, tay phi lp n vo kp sao cho g t n n khp vi g ca 2 thnh kp n c nh th lp cho n khi y n 10 vin vo kp n. 1.2. Sng tiu lin AK 1.2.1. Quy tc tho lp:(Xem  phn binh kh sng trng CKC). 1.2.2. Tho v lp sng - Tho sng + Bc 1: Tho hp tip n, kim tra sng Tay tri nm p lt tay gi sng dng ng trn bn, ming sng hng ln trn, mt sng sang tri; Tay phi nm hp tip n, ngn ci bp ly gi hp tip n, ng thi y hp tip n ln trn ly ra t xung bn; Tay phi gt cn nh cch bn v v tr bn, ko tay ko kho nng v sau ht c, nhn xem trong bung n c n hay khng, th kho nng v trc  Hnh 65: Tho hp tip n, kim tra sng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + Bc 2: Tho ng ph tng Tay tri nm p lt tay, nhc sng ln khi mt bn, tay phi dng ngn tr n np  cha ph tng vo ht c, u ngn tay t vo u ng ph tng, ly ng ph tng ra khi  cha ph tng. Hai tay kt hp m np ng ph tng, tho ri ph tng ra khi ng ng t ln bn.  Hnh 66: Tho ng ph tng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + Bc 3: Tho thng nng Tay tri gi sng nh khi tho hp tip n, tay phi cm thng nng ko sang phi sao cho u thng nng ri khi khuyt cha ly thng nng ra.  Hnh 67: Tho thng nng Hnh 68: Tho np hp kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + Bc 4: Tho np hp kho nng t sng trn bn ming nng sng hng v trc, mt sng hng ln trn; Tay tri nm c bng sng, ngn tay ci n mu gi np hp kho nng tt vo trong, tay phi cm np hp kho nng nhc ln ly ra. + Bc 5: Tho b phn y v Tay tri nm c bng sng, tay phi cm ui ct l xo y v n v trc cho chn ui ct l xo ri khi khuyt cha  hp kho nng, nhc ln ly ra.  Hnh 69: Tho b phn y v (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + Bc 6: Tho b kho nng v kho nng Tay tri nm c bng sng, tay phi nm b kho nng, ko b kho nng v sau ht mc, nhc ln ly ra khi hp kho nng; Tay tri t sng xung, tay phi lt nga b kho nng, tay tri y kho nng v sau xoay kho nng sang phi ri rt kho nng ra.  Hnh 70: Tho b kho nng v kho nng a. Tho b kho nng v kho nng ra khi sng; b. Tho kho nng ra khi b kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + Bc 7: Tho ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn Tay tri nm p lt tay di, lng bn tay nga, tay phi dng ng ng ph tng a vo u dp gi ng dn thoi xoay ln trn 45  mt bng trc ly thng vi mt ct pha sau ca p lt tay trn v ng dn thoi nhc ln ly ra.  Hnh 71: Tho ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Lp sng + Bc 1: Lp ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn Tay tri nm p lt tay di, lng bn tay nga, tay phi cm ng dn thoi v p lt tay trn, lp u ng dn thoi vo u khu truyn kh thuc, n p lt tay trn xung ht mc, n dp gi ng dn thoi xung, nu cht dng ng ph tng n ly gi xung. + Bc 2: Lp b kho nng v kho nng Tay phi cm nga b kho nng, u thoi v trc, tay tri cm kho nng, lp vo l cha kho nng, xoay kho nng sang tri v y v trc, tay phi cm c bng sng, mt sng hi nghing sang phi, ngn ci tay phi t vo tai kho tri, gi kho nng  v tr pha trc, lp thoi v b kho nng vo hp kho nng, y b kho nng ln trn ht c. + Bc 3: Lp b phn y v Tay tri cm c bng sng, tay phi cm ui ct l xo y v, lp u ct l xo y v vo l cha, n ui ct l xo y v khp vo rnh dc hp kho nng. + Bc 4: Lp np hp kho nng Tay tri cm c bng sng, tay phi cm np hp kho nng, lp u np hp kho nng vo khuyt cha hnh cung  b thc ngm, lng bn tay n lp hp kho nng xung sao cho mu gi lt vo l gi np hp kho nng. Kim tra chuyn ng ca sng Tay tri cm p lt tay, gi sng trn bn, tay phi cm tay ko kho nng ko b kho nng v sau 2-3 ln, nu sng chuyn ng tt l c, bp cht c, tay phi gt cn nh cch bn v v tr kho an ton. + Bc 5: Lp thng nng Tay tri nm p lt tay (hoc khu truyn kh thuc) gi sng nh khi tho. Tay phi lp thng nng vo cc l  di khu truyn kh thuc v khu gi p lt tay di, cm ui thng nng ko sang phi v n xung ht c. + Bc 6: Lp ph tng Tay tri gi ng ng ph tng, tay phi lp cc ph tng vo ng ri y np ng ng ph tng. Tay phi cm ng ng ph tng t u ng vo  cha, dng ngn tr y ng vo ht mc ri rt ngn tay ra, np ng t ng ng li. Vi sng tiu lin bng gp th ct ng ph tng vo ti ng hp tip n. + Bc 7: Lp hp tip n Tay tri gi sng nh khi tho hp tip n, tay phi cm hp tip n lp mu trc ca hp tip n khp vo khuyt cha  hp kho nng, n cho mu sau ca hp tip n khp vo ly gi. 1.2.3. Lp v tho n ra khi hp tip n - Lp n: Tay tri gi hp tip n, sng hp tip n quay sang tri. Tay phi cm vin n, u n quay sang phi, t vin n vo ca tip n ri n xung, y v n phi st thnh sau ca hp tip n. Lp  30 vin s nhn thy y v vin n  l kim tra - Tho n: Tay tri cm hp tip n, sng hp tip n quay vo trong. Tay phi dng u ngn tay ci y y v n v trc, c nh vy n khi ht n  Hnh 72:Lp n Hnh 73:Tho n (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 1.2.4. Hng hc thng thng khi bn v cch khc phc HIN TNGNGUYN NHNCCH KHC PHCKho nng tin st mt ct pha sau nng sng, n khng vo bung n.Hp tip n bp mo; han g; l xo hp tip n yu.Thay hp tip n khc  bn Thay l xo hp tip n.n b kt, u n m vo mt ct pha sau ca nng sng, b kho nng v kho nng dng li  gia chng.Ca hp tip n b bp mo.Gi tay ko kho nng  v tr sau cng, ly vin n b kt ra, th b kho nng  kho nng y vin n khc vo bung n, bn tip; nu vn hng thay hp tip n khc.Khng ko c v n ra ngoi; vin n khc m vo t v n trong bung n.Bung n v n b bn hoc mc n yu hay b st.Tho hp tip n ra khi sng, gi b kho nng  pha sau cng, ly vin n b kt ra; dng thng nng y vin n ra khi bung n; lau sch bung n v n; lp n vo bn tip, nu vn hng thay mc n hoc l xo mc n.Bn khng n(kho nng  kho, n c trong bung n nhng bp c, n khng n).n hng, kim ho mn, gy hoc bn; b phn c b bn.Ko mnh kho nng v sau. Ln vin n khc bn tip. Nu vn hng hc lau sch b phn c v kim ho; nu kim ho b mn, gy; b phn c b hng a v trm sa cha.V n khng ht ra khi hp kho nng; hoc b kho nng y tr li vo bung n.Mc n b bn; mu ht v n mn hoc gy; khu truyn kh thuc b bn.Ko b kho nng v sau, ly v n ra ln n bn tip; nu vn b hng lau sch  cha t n, mc n, khu truyn kh thuc; nu mu ht v n b mn, gy a v trm sa cha.1.2.5. Lau chi, kim tra, chun b sng n  bn - Lau chi Sng phi lun gi gn sch s v tt, mun vy phi lau chi, bi du cho sng sch s, kp thi, vic lau chi do c nhn t gic lau, hoc t chc ch huy lau, khi t chc ch huy lau phi cht ch, ng thi quy nh mc tho, lau chi v bi du, thc hin cc quy nh sau: + Sng phi thng xuyn lau chi hng ngy, cui bui hc tp v cng tc; + Lau chi sau khi hnh qun n a im mi; + Lau chi sau khi hc tp, lm nhim v trc ban, trc chin; + Lau chi sau khi sng b dnh ct, bi t hoc gp ma; + Lau chi sau khi bn n tht hoc n hi; + Lau chi sau khi chin u lin tc di ngy, trong qu trnh chin u phi tranh th khong cch gia cc trn chin u  lau chi bo qun sng n; + Sau khi lau sch s phi bi du bn trong v bn ngoi cho sng. - Kim tra sng n + Kim tra cu to sng Cc s ghi trn sng phi thng nht ng b, thc ngm phi dng gp d dng, cn nh cch bn v kho an ton phi xoay c cc v tr d dng v ti v tr phi chc chn, trong lng sng phi sch s khng cong, phnh, bp han g, hp kho nng cc b phn phi . + Kim tra chuyn ng ca sng a cn nh cch bn v cc v tr lin thanh, pht 1 ko b kho nng v sau ht c, th tay ko kho nng ra, kho nng phi mc  pha sau, bp c kho nng phi lao mnh v pha trc, nu  v tr lin thanh th nghe ting  tch do ting p ca ba vo kim ho l c. Nu  v tr pht 1 kho nng mc  pha sau, th tay ko kho nng ra nghe  tch , bp c ba p mnh v trc l c; a cn nh cch bn v v tr an ton, bp c tay c khng chuyn ng v sau, ba vn  t th ging. + Kim tra n n khng dnh du m, m t, han g, v n khng c vt rn nt, u n khng cong vnh l c. - Kim tra sng n  bn + Giai on tp bn, kim tra bn n tht, ngi bn phi tin hnh kim tra chun b sng n  bn; + Kim tra sng n; + Lau chi bi du; + Lau chi n sch s v kim tra bung n, hp tip n; + Thc hin lp n vo hp tip n: Khi lp n tay tri gi hp tip n, tay phi lp tng vin a vo ca hp tip n, c nh vy lp  s n cn thit (sng AK lp  = 30 vin). 1.3. Sng trung lin RP 1.3.1. Quy tc tho lp (Xem  phn binh kh sng tiu lin CKC) 1.3.2. Tho v lp sng - Tho sng + Bc 1: Tho hp bng n, kim tra n trong bung n. Tho hp bng n: Sng gi trn bn, mt sng hng v bn tri, nng sng hng v trc, gt ly hm hp bng n sang bn tri, ln trn ri ko hp bng n v sau, tho ra. Kim tra n trong bung n: Tay tri nm tay cm, tay phi y then hm np hp kho nng v trc ng thi m dng np hp kho nng ln ht c, xoay cn kho an ton v sau (m kho), gt tay ko b kho nng ra, bn tay p ba ngn con ko b kho nng v sau ht c xem c n trong bung n khng. Sau  tay phi gi tay ko b kho nng, tay tri bp c v t t th cho b kho nng v kho nng, tin v trc. Ch khng bp cht c v khng ng np hp kho nng. + Bc 2: Tho hp ph tng. Tay phi dng ngn ci n dp hm, ng thi tay tri dng ngn ci hoc ngn tr y np y  cha hp ph tng xoay ngang, rt hp ph tng ra; m hp  ly cc ph tng ra ngoi, t th t ln bn.  Hnh 74: Tho hp ph tng Hnh 75:Tho thng nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Tho thng nng: Sng vntrn bn, tay tri dng ngn tr v ngn gia y cho ui thng nng tchkhi rnh  c bng sng. Tay phi rt thng nng ra + Bc 3: Tho b phn c v bng sng. Dng tng cht v ba ng cht ngang gi b phn c v bng sng  hp kho nng sang bn phi ht mc, tay tri gi p lt tay, tay phi rt b phn c v bng sng ra.  Hnh 76:Tho b phn c v bng sng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + Bc 4: Tho b kho nng v kho nng. Tay tri nm p lt tay   sng, bn tay phi nga, ngn tr mc vo khc  b kho nng ko v sau. Khi kho nng ra khi hp kho nng, ngn ci v cc ngn con cn li nm chong ly 2 phin kho, tip tc rt b kho nng v kho nng ra. t sng xung, tay tri nhc kho nng v phin kho ra khi b kho nng, t th t ln bn.  Hnh 77: Tho b kho nng v kho nng (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + Buc 5: Tho tay ko b kho nng. Tay tri nm p lt tay   sng, tay phi ko tay ko b kho nng v sau ht mc, lt ngang  tho ra. - Lp sng + Bc 1: Lp tay ko b kho nng. Tay tri nm p lt tay nh khi tho, tay phi lp tay ko b kho nng sao cho g trt lt vo on rng ca khe dc  hp kho nng v y v trc ht mc. + Bc 2: Lp b kho nng v kho nng. Bn tay phi nga  b kho nng, tay tri lp kho nng vo b kho nng sao cho 2 phin kho  ng v tr m, sau  ngn ci v cc ngn con tay phi nm chong ly 2 phin kho, ngn tr dui thng  pha di b kho nng, tay tri  pha di hp kho nng. Tay phi lp b kho nng v kho nng vo hp kho nng sao cho 2 g trt  b kho nng khp vo 2 rnh trt  hp kho nng, y b kho nng v kho nng v trc ht mc. Ch khi y b kho nng nu thy vng th ngn tr phi hi nng u thoi y ln. + Bc 3: Lp b phn c, bng sng v kim tra chuyn ng ca sng. Lp b phn c v bng sng: Tay tri gi p lt tay, tay phi nm c bng sng, lp b phn c v bng sng vo hp kho nng sao cho mp gp  khung c mc vo rnh dc  hp kho nng, y b phn c v bng sng v trc ht mc y cht ngang  hp kho nng sang tri. Kim tra chuyn ng ca sng: Tay tri nm tay cm, ngn tr bp c, tay phi ko tay ko b kho nng v sau ht c, th t t  b kho nng v kho nng tin v trc, xem cc b phn  lp ng th t cha. Gp tay ko b kho nng li, ng kho an ton. + Buc 4: Lp thng nng. Lun u thng nng vo bn phi b lp hp bng n, qua l cha  p lt tay v khu gi ng dn thoi pha trc, va lun va y cho n khi ui thng nng lt vo rnh  c bng sng. + Buc 5: Lp hp ng bng n. Tay phi gi c bng sng (loi sng chn thp phi nng chn sng ln), tay tri cm hp bng, lp sao cho mp gp  hp bng mc vo 2 mp  b np hp bng  hp kho nng, y hp bng v trc ht mc, gt ly hm hp bng n xung. + Buc 6: Lp hp ng ph tng. Hai tay lp ph tng vo hp ng. Sau  tay tri nm bng sng nh khi tho, tay phi cm hp ph tng lp vo  cha  bng sng, mt hp ph tng c bn l quay ln trn v u c li vn vt quay ra ngoi, v sau, ng np y  cha hp ph tng li. 1.4. Sng dit tng B41 1.4.1. Quy tc tho v lp sng (Xem  phn binh kh sng tiu lin CKC). 1.4.2. ng tc tho v lp sng - Tho sng + Bc 1: Tho knh ngm quang hc ra khi sng. Sng t trn bn, ming nng quay sang tri, tay phi cm p che nng, tay tri gt cn hm v sau ht c ri cm vo thn knh ko t t v sau theo trc nng, ly knh ra t xung bn. + Bc 2: Tho b phn c. t sng nm ngang trn bn, u cht ch quay ln trn, tay tri gi nng sng, tay phi t ngang u vn vt vo u cht ch, n t nhin t trn xung di sau  dng tng cht tho cht ch ra, ri tho b phn c ra khi nng sng. Nu cht c th m g ln, dng ba ng v tho ra. + Bc 3: Tho np hp c. Tay tri cm tay cm, tay phi cm vn vt xoay lng bn inh vt ra, ri dng tay tho bn inh vt v np hp c ra khi hp c. + Bc 4: Tho b phn kim ho. Quay nng sng cho  kim ho hng ln trn. Tay tri cm sng, tay phi cm vn vt, t khuyt tho lp vo np  kim ho, xoay ngc chiu kim ng h. Tho np  kim ho, ri ly kim ho, l xo ra khi kim ho. - Lp sng + Bc 1: Lp b phn kim ho. Tay tri cm sng nh khi tho, tay phi cm vnh m l xo kim ho lp vo  cha ri lp np  kim ho vo, dng tay vn theo chiu kim ng h. Khi thy cht dng vn vt vn cht li. + Bc 2: Lp np hp c. Tay tri nm tay cm, tay phi cm np hp c lp vo la cho u then an ton lt vo l cha v la cho 4 l lp inh vt thng hng ri lp 4 inh vt vo, sau  dng vt vn cht li. Kim tra chuyn ng ca b phn c: ging ba, m kho an ton, bp c, b phn c chuyn ng bnh thng; kho an ton, bp c tay c khng chuyn ng c l lp ng. + Bc 3: Lp b phn c vo sng. Sng t trn bn nh khi tho, tay tri gi sng, tay phi cm hp c, lp khuyt cha vo mu gi hp c   kim ho, n mnh cho hp c vo sng, la cho cc l lp hp c thng vi nhau. Ri bp u ch i ca cht ch lp vo l, khi u cht ch  lt vo ri, t ci vn vt nm ngang trn u cn li ca cht ch, n cht ch xung ht c, nn cht chm g ri dng ba p nh xung. + Bc 4: Lp knh ngm quang hc vo sng (nu cn). Sng t trn bn nh khi tho, tay phi gi nng sng, tay tri cm knh lp vo b, la sao cho rnh mang c  thn knh khp vi g mang c  thn sng. y knh ngm t sau v trc ht c, gt ly hm v trc. Sau khi lp, cm knh ko th v sau nu knh khng tt ra l c. Kim tra v tr ca ba v kim ho, m kho an ton, ging ba, ngn ci t vo mu ging ba, ngn tr bp c th cho ba t t v v tr ci, nu thy gia ui kim ho v mt ba c khong cch l c. 2. K thut bn sng tiu lin AK v sng trng CKC 2.1. Ngm bn 2.1.1. Khi nim v ngm bn - Ti sao phi ngm bn Trong bn sng, mun bn trng mc tiu phi ngm bn. Khi bn u n vn ng trong nng sng ra ngoi khng kh, ngay lp tc u n chu tc ng ca khng kh v lc ht tri t, to thnh ng cong khng cn i, nn ngi bn phi xc nh gc bn,  cho qu o ng n i qua im nh bn trng trn mc tiu..  Hnh 78: Qu o ng n (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). i vi sng tiu lin AK  c ly 50m u n dn dn tch ra khi ng phng, ng thi chuyn ng theo qun tnh. V vy  n trng mt im trn mc tiu, khng th a thng nng sng vo im nh bn m phi hng nng sng chch ln trn 1 gc nht nh (gc bn)  im chm (im ri) ca u n trng vo im nh bn trng. Nu gi ng n l ng do trng tm u n vch ra trong khng gian, c th hnh dung ng n l mt ng cong khng cn i, on i ln (Vmax) bao gi cing di hn on ng n i xung  Hnh 79: ng n trong khng gian (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008).  ly hng bn v gc bn nhanh chng, chnh xc ngi ta lm sn b phn ngm trn sng. Sau khi ngi bn c lng c ly bn, ly thc ngm tng ng, dng b phn ngm ngm vo mc tiu, khi ly c ng ngm chnh xc thc hin bp c. Lm nh vy gi l ngm v bn. Vy: Ngm l dng sng vo mc tiu, ly gc bn v hng bn  a qu o ng n vo im nh bn. 2.1.2. Th t thc hnh ngm - Ly thc ngm Ngi bn cn c vo c ly t ngi bn n mc tiu l bao nhiu mt, thc hin ng tc ly thc ngm (ly thc ngm v tm). V d: C ly 300m, ly thc ngm 3. Thc cht ca bc ny l to gc tng ng gia ng ngm v trc nng sng, to cho sng mt gc bn v tm khi bn. - Ly ng ngm c bn Ly ng ngm c bn thc cht l to cho sng mt gc bn v tm v v hng Ni dung ly ng ngm c bn l ging mt ng thng t mt ngi ngm qua khe thc ngm n nh u ngm, sao cho nh u ngm  chnh gia v ngang bng vi 2 mp trn ca thnh khe ngm (hoc tm l ngm) vi iu kin mt sng khng b nghing Vic ly ng ngm c bn c ngh)a quyt nh n tnh chnh xc ca ng ngm, hay  chnh xc ca gc bn v tm v v hng i vi mc tiu + ng ngm c bn Vi thc ngm c kh: ng ngm c bn l ng thng t mt ngm qua chnh gia mp trn khe ngm (tm l ngm) n chnh gia nh u ngm.  Hnh 80: ng ngm c bn vi thc ngm c kh (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Vi knh ngm quang hc: ng ngm c bn l ng thng t mt qua tm knh nhn ti giao im ca vch khc tm v vch khc hng  xc nh vi iu kin knh phi sng trn u.  Hnh 81: ng ngm c bn vi knh ngm quang hc (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). - Ly ng ngm ng Trong chin u khng phi lc no mc tiu cing  c li chn tng ng c li ghi trn thc ngm, ngoi ra u n cn chu nh hng ca gi, mt  khng kh, nhit  mi trng... Ly ng ngm ng l a ng ngm c bn n im nh ngm trn mc tiu Vic ly ng ngm l mt qu trnh phi hp lin tc gia ly ng ngm c bn v a ng ngm c bn vo im nh ngm trn mc tiu, phi c duy tr trong sut qu trnh bn (bn pht mt hoc trong mt lot bn lin thanh). Do c im mt ngm ch nhn r c 2 im cn mt im trn mc tiu thng b m. 2.1.3. nh hng do ngm v gi n kt qu bn - Ly sai ng ngm c bn Ly sai ng ngm c bn l sai gc bn v tm v hng bn i vi mc tiu ngh)a l: Ly thc ngm khng ng, nh u ngm khng  chnh gia v ngang bng vi 2 mp trn ca thnh khe ngm  a) b) c) Hnh 82: ng ngm c bn sai a. u ngm cao hn khe ngm ; b. u ngm thp hn khe ngm; c. u ngm cao hn khe ngm v lch sang phi (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). Nu u ngm cao hn khe ngm th im chm trn mc tiu cao hn so vi im nh bn trng. Nu u ngm thp hn khe ngm th im chm trn mc tiu thp hn so vi im nh bn trng. Nu u ngm cao hn khe ngm v lch sang phi th im chm trn mc tiu cao v lch sang bn phi so vi im nh bn trng Bng ch s sai lch ca n  mt s c li ca sng trng, sng tiu lin c cng mc sai lch v ng ngm c bn. - Mt sng nghing Mt sng nghing l hin tng mp trn thnh khe ngm khng song song vi mt phng ngang. Khi bn mt sng nghing v bn no th n lch v bn  v thp xung. - Ly sai im ngm Khi bn ngm sai im ngm bao nhiu n sai lch by nhiu V d: Khi ngi ngm, ngm sai so vi im ngm 5cm th im chm sai l 5cm so vi im nh bn trng. V vy trong qu trnh ngm mc d sng c rung ng nh, nu ngi bn ly ng ngm c bn ng, ng ngm ng chun xc, khi ngi bn thc hnh bp c kt thc pht bn n vn trng mc tiu. - nh hng ca gi nh hng ca gi dc theo hng bn: Nu gi xui theo hng bn lm cho u n bay cao v xa hn, nu hng gi ngc chiu vi hng bn lm cho u n thp xung n gn hn so vi im nh bn trng; nhng i vi n sng b binh thng thng c s tc ln: (AKM :715m/s; RP: 739m/s; sng i lin PKMS: 825m/s) nu bn trong tm bn thng, nh hng gi dc l khng ng k. nh hng ca gi ngang s lm n lch theo hng theo chiu xui hng gi; gi thi t phi sang tri lm n lch sang tri v ngc li, nu n c s tc ln nh hng ca u n n kt qu bn l khng ng k. V d: Khi bn sng AK; CKC; RP khi gi thi ngang so vi hng bn (70?90), c li 200m, tc  gi 2m/s mc sai lch l 6cm; tc  gi 3m/s mc sai lch l 10cm; tc  gi 4m/s mc  sai lch l 14cm. Qua v d trn ta c th rt ra kt lun, khi bn  c ly trong tm bn thng ca cc loi sng b binh c s tc u n ln, nh hng ca u n l khng ng k, nu ngi bn lm ng ng tc bn, m bo n vn trng v chm.  Hnh 83: nh hng ca gi i vi u n khi bay trong khng kh (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 2.2. T th ng tc bn, bn v thi bn sng tiu lin AK (cho ng tc nm bn) 2.2.1. ng tc nm bn khng t - Trng hp vn dng Trong chin u khi iu kin a hnh khng cho php ngi bn khng th vn dng cc t th qu, ng bn. Theo lnh ca ngi ch huy, ngi bn phi thc hin ng tc nm bn  tiu dit mc tiu& - ng tc nm bn khng t ng tc chun b bn + Khu lnh: "Mc tiu........nm chun b bn!". + ng tc: Ngi bn tay phi xch sng ln ngang tht lng, nng sng chch ln trn v trc hp vi thn ngi mt gc 450. C ng 1: Chn phi bc ln mt bc di theo hng bn chn phi, chn tri dng mii bn chn lm tr xoay gt sang tri  ngi hng theo hng bn chn phi. C ng 2: Chng bn tay tri xung t trc mii bn chn phi khong 20 cm, mii bn tay hng chch v bn phi pha sau, th t t cnh tay, khuu tay tri, i tri xung t.  Hnh 84: Nm chun b bn (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). C ng 3: Tay phi lao sng v pha trc, ng thi bn tay tri nga  ly thn sng khong di thc ngm, dui chn phi v sau, ngi nm p xung t, hai bn chn m rng bng vai, hai mii bn chn hng sang hai bn. Ngi nm chch so vi hng bn mt gc khong 300. ng tc lp n: Tay phi ri p lt tay, dng ngn ci tay phi y ly gi hp tip n, tho hp tip n khng c n  sng trao sang tay tri. Ngn gia v ngn eo nhn tay tri kp gi hp tip n vo mp phi p lt tay, ca hp tip n quay vo ngi, sng hp tip n quay xung t. Tay phi m ti ng hp tip n, ly hp tip n c n lp vo sng, ct hp tip n khng c n vo ti ng hp tip n. Dng ngn ci tay phi y cn nh cch bn v kho an ton v v tr bn pht 1 hoc lin thanh, ng thi ko b kho nng v pha sau ht c ri th t nhin  l xo y v y b kho lao mnh v pha trc, kho nng y n vo bung n, gt cn nh cch bn v kho an ton v v tr an ton. Tay phi nm tay cm trn sng, ngn tr dui thng t ra ngoi vnh c, mt sng hng ln trn. Mt lun quan st mc tiu ch lnh. ng tc bn ang  t th nm chun b bn;  thc hnh bn trng mc tiu ngi bn phi thc hin cc ng tc: Ging sng, ngm, bp c.  Hnh 85: Nm bn khng t a) Tay tri nm p lt tay; b) Tay tri nm hp tip n. (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). ng tc ging sng Trc khi ging sng phi ly thc ngm ng tc nh sau: Tay tri nm p lt tay di, gi sng  mt sng hng ln trn. Tay phi dng ngn ci v ngn tr bp then hm c thc ngm x dch cho mp trc c thc ngm khp vo vch khc thc ngm nh ly. Mun ly thc ngm ch  D bp then hm c thc ngm, ko c thc ngm v sau ht mc, th tay ra ri y c thc ngm v trc nghe thy ting "tch'' l c. Sau  tay phi gt cn nh cch bn v kho an ton v ng v tr  nh. Trng hp ly thc ngm ban m: Tay phi dng ngn ci v ngn tr bp then hm c thc ngm ko ht c v sau, sau  y nh nm c ln trn nghe "tch" ta c thc ngm ch  D , tip tc bp nm c y nh ln trn cho nm c ri khi khc mc ch  D bung tay ra, thy mc hoc nghe ting "tch", tip tc lm nh vy ln 2 ta c thc ngm 1; t thc ngm 1 tr i c mi ln y nm c ln trn nghe mt ting "tch" l tng 1 thc ngm. ng tc: Tay tri nga nm p lt tay di hoc nm hp tip n, tu theo tay di, ngn ca tng ngi v t th bn. Khi nm p lt tay di, bn tay nga, p lt tay di nm trong lng bn tay, ngn tay ci dui thng hoc cong t nhin, bn ngn tay con khp kn cng vi ngn tay ci nm chc p lt tay (vi sng AK ci tin, cc ngn con bm vo g ni bn phi p lt tay). Khi nm hp tip n, h khu tay t pha sng hp tip n cc ngn con v ngn ci nm chc hp tip n; m phi cng tay tri st vi m tri hp tip n, cng tay hp vi mt phng a hnh mt gc khong 40- 60. Tay phi gt cn nh cch bn v v tr bn, v nm tay cm, h khu tay nm chnh gia pha sau tay cm, t cui t th nht u t th 2 ca ngn tr vo tay c. Kt hp 2 tay nng sng ln, t phn trn  bng sng vo hm vai, 2 khuu tay chng xung t rng bng vai, kt hp 2 tay gi chc sng cn bng trn vai. Nhn s qua ng ngm thy sng cha ng hng th dch chuyn c thn ngi  chnh sng vo mc tiu, khng dng tay  iu chnh lm ng tc gi sng khng t nhin, g b. ng tc ngm: Khi ly ng ngm, m phi p st vo bng sng vi lc va phi  u ngi t b rung ng, khng gi m vo bng sng lm mt sng nghing, khi bn lin thanh d lm sng tt dn xung. Khi ngm: Mt tri nheo t nhin, dng mt phi  ngm hoc c th m c 2 mt nhng tp trung th lc vo mt ngm; nhn qua khe ngm n u ngm ly ng ngm c bn; ri a ng ngm c bn n im nh ngm trn mc tiu. ng tc bp c: Trc khi bp c phi lm ng tc ngng th  cho ngi v sng bt rung ng, c th ht vo hoc th ra mt t ri ngng th. Bp c: Dng lc c lp ca ngn tr bp c t t m u t trc v sau theo trc nng sng cho n khi n n; khng tng c t ngt trong qu trnh bp c, khng bp qu nhanh, lm rung ng bn mt chnh xc. Mun bn lin thanh t 2-3 vin, khi bp c phi bp ht c ri th ra t t. Khng bp qu nhanh, mnh, th c qu vi hoc nhy c u dn n bn pht 1. ng tc thi bn (Thi bn gm c thi bn tm thi v thi bn hon ton). Thi bn tm thi (ngng bn). Khu lnh: ''Ngng bn!'' Ngi bn lm ng tc nh sau: ang bn h sng xung, kho an ton hai tay gi sng nh khi chun b bn, mt quan st mc tiu. Nu sng ht n, phi thay hp tip n ht n  sng ra v lp hp tip n c n vo sng. Thi bn hon ton, Khu lnh: ''Thi bn tho n khm sng... ng dy''. Ngi bn lm ng tc nh sau: Ngn tr tay phi th c sng ra, hai tay h sng xung. Tay phi tho hp tip n  sng ra trao sang tay tri, ngn gia v ngn eo nhn kp hp tip n vo bn phi p lt tay, ca hp tip n quay vo ngi, sng hp tip n quay xung t. Tay tri vn gi sng, mt sng hng ln trn; tay phi ko b kho nng t t v sau, ngn tr lt trn ca thot v n, cc ngn con khp li chn ca lp hp tip n   vin n t trong bung n vng ra. Lp vin n va tho  sng ra vo hp tip n, bp cht c, kho an ton, ly hp tip n khng c n trong ti ng hp tip n lp vo sng, ct hp tip n c n vo trong ti ng. ng tc ng dy C ng 1: Tay phi nm p lt tay, hi nghing ngi sang tri, co chn tri ln, u gi ngang tht lng ng thi tay phi a sng v t trn i tri, hp tip n quay sang phi, bn tay tri thu v p di ngc. C ng 2: Phi hp sc tay tri v hai chn nng ngi ng dy, xoay mii bn tay tri v trc, chn phi bc ln mt bc, bn chn ngang vi mii bn tay tri ng thi nng ngi ng dy. C ng 3: Dng gt chn phi lm tr, xoay mii bn chn sang phi sao cho bn chn hp vi hng bn mt gc 2230'; chn tri ko ln ngang bn chn phi v t th ng nghim, lm ng tc xch sng hoc mang sng. ng tc ng dy vn dng trong chin u Trong chin u ta c th vn dng ng dy bng cch th 2 vt tin; 2 c ng sau: C ng 1: Tay phi nm p lt tay a sng v sau, gp cnh tay vo pha thn ngi (nm tay ngang vai phi, bn tay nga nm sng, khuu tay t ngoi sng, hp tip n quay sang tri), cnh tay t xung t, tay phi thu v sau, bn tay p xung t v ngang vai tri, chn phi hi co. C ng 2: Dng sc ca 2 tay v chn phi nng ngi ln, ng thi chn tri bc ln mt bc nng ngi ng dy, chn phi bc ln tip tc tin. 2.2.2. ng tc bn c t ng tc c bn nh nm bn khng c t ch khc - Do bn c vt t cho nn khi ging sng t ln vt t, t t khu u nng n phn trc p lt tay di ln vt t, hp tip n ta vo vt t  bn cho chc chn, tay tri t h khu tay hoc mu bn tay ln vt t (tu theo vt t cao hay thp). - Nu vt t cao, tay tri c th nm hp tip n. - Mun bn c trng, chm, trng lin thanh khi ging sng phi t c cc yu t chc; u; bn. - Bng: Mt sng phi thng bng. - Chc: L 2 tay gi sng chc, gh sng chc vo vai. - u: Lc nm sng v gh sng phi u nhau. - Bn: Lc nm v gi sng phi bn trong sut qu trnh lot bn. 2.3. Tp bn mc tiu c nh ban ngy bng sng trng CKC, sng tiu lin AK 2.3.1. ngh)a, c im, yu cu - ngh)a + Bn mc tiu c nh l bi bn c bn ca cc loi sng trng v sng tiu lin nhm rn luyn cho ngi hc ng tc c bn bit bn trng, chm vo cc mc tiu c nh ban ngy. + Hon thnh tt bi tp bn ny, l c s cho cc bi bn sau ny v trong chin u khi chin tranh n ra. - c im + Ngi bn: C thi gian chun b, thi gian bn khng hn ch v vy thc hin ng ng tc yu l)nh. T th nm bn c t ng ngm n nh. + Mc tiu: Mc tiu c nh c vng tnh im, c ly t ngi bn n mc tiu gn, d quan st. - Yu cu + Tch cc, t gic trong qu trnh luyn tp, rt ra c nhng nhc im, khuyt tt trong tng t th, tng pht bn  khc phc. + Nm chc ng tc c bn, t th bn vng chc. Phn tch yu cu: Trong qu trnh tp bn phi cng phu, tch cc, t gic rn ng tc bn c bn, khc phc cc ng tc sai, thc hin sai u sa y mt cch nghim tc, qu trnh luyn tp phi tch liy kin thc, tp ng tc t d n kh, c tnh c bn, h thng. Khi thc hnh tp bn cc loi sng b binh, vic rn luyn bn l)nh, tm l bn rt quan trng, c bn l)nh, tm l tt s c ng tc bn chnh xc, bn trng v chm. V vy ngoi vic nghin cu nm chc yu l)nh bn, cn phi rn luyn sc khe mt cch ton din nh: Chy xa, th dc th thao, tp x, t, c nh vy mi c c ng tc gi sng n nh, vng chc, hn ch tm l khi vo bn. 2.3.2. Phng n tp bn iu kin tp - Mc tiu: Bia s 4 c vng tng trng cho tn ch nm bn - C ly bn: 100m - Tnh cht Mc tiu: Mc tiu c nh - T th: Nm bn c t Phng n tp bn  Hnh 86: Nm bn c t (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). 2.4.3. Cch chn thc ngm, im ngm - Cch chn thc ngm Cn c: +  cao ng n. + im nh bn trng trn mc tiu. + iu kin kh tng (ma, gi...). Cch chn: Khi chn thc ngm c th chn theo 2 cch: + Thc ngm tng ng c ly bn. + Thc ngm ln hn c ly bn. - Cch chn im ngm: Cn c: + Thc ngm  chn. +  cao ng n khi bn  c ly . + Tnh cht mc tiu (to, r...). + im nh bn trng trn mc tiu. + iu kin kh tng (ma, gi...). Cch chn: Vi mc tiu phng n tp trn thng chn nh sau: + Bia s 4: Chnh gia mp di mc tiu. V d: Dng sng tiu lin AK bn vo mc tiu bia s 4 c ly 100m, chn thc ngm 3 (thc ngm ln hn c ly bn), im ngm chnh gia mp di mc tiu. V: Thc ngm 3  c ly 100m ng n cao hn so vi im ngm i vi sng AK khonh 25 - 28cm, t mp di mc tiu ln tm ca vng 10 bia s 4 khong 23 cm, nh vy n vn trng vo vng 10 trn mc tiu. i vi sng trng CKC: Thc ngm 3  c ly 100m ng n cao hn so vi im ngm l 25cm, t mp di mc tiu ln tm ca vng 10 bia s 4 khong 23 cm, nh vy n trng vo vng 10 trn mc tiu. Kt lun: Bi bn ny ta chn nh sau: Vi mc tiu bia s 4 ly thc ngm 3, ngm chnh gia mp di mc tiu. Ch : C th vn dng ly thc ngm 1 ngm u trng , nhng xc nh im ngm trn mc tiu kh chnh xc hn so vi ngm chnh gia mp di mc tiu. 2.4.4. Thc hnh tp bn - Trc khi tp: Ngi tp mang eo trang b y   tuyn chun b, khi c lnh vn ng vo tuyn xut pht lm ng tc chun b bn. - C khu lnh:  Tin ; ngi tp nhanh chng c ng ln tuyn tp bn  xc nh, lm ng tc chun b bn vo mc tiu bia s 4. - Khi c khu lnh:  Bn ; ngi tp lm ng tc nm bn vo mc tiu bia s 4 t 3-5 ln, ty theo mc quy nh trong k hoch tp ca ngi ph trch tip tc cho tp ln tip theo hoc i tp cho b phn khc. - Khi c khu lnh:  Thi tp! ; ngi tp thi tp, khm sng, quay v v tr pha sau ch i tip tc tp ln tip theo. 2.4.5. iu kin kim tra v thnh tch - iu kin + Mc tiu: bia s 4 + C li bn: 100m + S n K56: 3 vin + T th bn: nm bn c t + Phng php bn: pht mt + Thi gian bn: 5 pht - Thnh tch + Xut sc: 28 - 30 im + Gii: 25 - 27 im + Kh: 20 - 24 im + Trung bnh kh: 17 - 19 im + Trung bnh: 15 - 16 im 2.4.6. K hoch luyn tp Xy dng k hoch luyn tp phi da trn qu thi gian, i tng hun luyn  xc lp ni dung, t chc, phng php cho st i tng. 3. K thut s dng lu n cn 97 Vit Nam v Lu n (-1 2.1. Quy tc chung s dng lu n 2.1.1. S dng, gi gn lu n tht - S dng lu n + Ch nhng ngi  c hun luyn nm vng tnh nng cu to ca lu n mi c s dng lu n. Ch s dng lu n khi  kim tra cht lng. + S dng lu n theo lnh ca ngi ch huy hoc theo nhim v hp ng chin u. + Ty theo a hnh a vt v tnh hnh ch  vn dng cc t th nm cho ph hp, bo m tiu dit ch, gi an ton cho mnh v ng i. - Gi gn lu n + Lu n phi  ni quy nh, kh ro, thong gi, khng  ln vi cc loi n, thuc n, vt d chy. + Khng  ri, khng va chm mnh. + Cc loi lu n b phn gy n  ring, ch khi dng mi lp vo lu n. Khi mang, eo lu n khng mc m vt vo tht lng, khng rt cht an ton. 2.1.2. S dng lu n trong hun luyn - Cm s dng lu n tht  hun luyn. - Khng s dng lu n tp  a nghch hoc tp khng c t chc. - Khi luyn tp cm nm lu n trc tip vo ngi, khng ng i din  nm lu n vo nhau. Ngi nht lu n v ngi kim tra kt qu nm lu n phi ng v mt bn, lun theo di hng bay ca lu n,  phng nguy him. Nht lu n xong phi em v v tr khng c nm tr li. 2.2. T th ng tc nm lu n 2.2.1. ng nm lu n - Trng hp: ng nm lu n thng c dng trong trng hp ch v a hnh cho php, c th ng ti ch nm hoc nm khi ang vn ng. T th ng nm l t th nm c xa nht. - ng tc + Chun b: Tay tri cm sng (cm khong di p che tay) xch sng ln ngang tm tht lng mii sng chch ln trn. Nu a hnh cho php, c th da sng vo vt chn bn tri pha trc, mt sng quay sang phi. Tay phi ly lu n ra, bn tay phi nm lu n (cc ngn con chong ln cn by), tay tri b thng cht an ton (nu l ngi n (-1), ngn tr mc vo vng ko, kt hp lc gi, ko ca hai tay rt cht an ton. Khi rt cht an ton phi rt thng theo hng trc l hoc va xoay va rt cht an ton (nu l ngi lu cn 97).  Hnh 87: Chun b nm lu n (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho hc sinh cc trng trung cp chuyn nghip. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). + ng tc nm:  Hnh 88: ng nm lu n (Ngun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh, dng cho hc sinh cc trng trung cp chuyn nghip. Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008). C ng 1: Chn tri bc ln (hoc chn phi li v sau) mt bc di, bn chn tri thng trc hng nm, ly mii bn chn tri v gt bn chn phi lm tr xoay ngi sang phi (gt tri king), ngi hi ci v pha trc, gi tri khuu, chn phi thng. C ng 2: Tay phi a lu n xung di v sau  ly , ngi ng v pha sau, chn tri thng, gi phi hi chng. C ng 3: Dng sc vt ca cnh tay phi, kt hp sc rn ca thn ngi, sc bt ca chn phi  nm lu n i. Khi cnh tay phi vung lu n v pha trc mt gc khong 450 (hp vi mt phng ngang), th bung lu n ra ng thi xoay ngi i din vi mc tiu, tay tri a sng v pha sau cho cn bng v bo m an ton. Chn phi theo  bc ln mt bc di, tay phi cm sng tip tc tin, bn hoc nm qu khc. 2.2.2. Nm lu n khi ang vn ng - Trng hp vn dng ng tc ny vn dng khi ang xung phong, va chy, va nm  tranh th thi c tiu dit ch. - ng tc Va chy va chuyn sng t tay phi sang tay tri, tay phi ly lu n ra (cch cm lu dn nh khi dng nm), tay tri rt cht an ton. Chn phi bc ln chng li  ghim  chy, bn chn chch sang phi. Tay phi a lu n xung di, sang phi, v sau ht c. Chn tri bc ln, mii bn chn thng hng mc tiu, khi mii bn chn chm t, chn phi khuu xung ng ngi v sau ly . Dng sc bt ca chn, sc rn ca thn ngi v sc vt ca cnh tay nm lu n vo mc tiu. Chn phi theo  bc ln, hai tay nng sng tip tc tin. Ch - Ngoi nhng im ch nh khi ng nm ti ch, cn phi bit li dng  vn ng  nm c xa, mi c ng phi thc hin lin tc, nu khng s mt . - Phi phi hp ng bc chn, bit ghm  khi bc chn phi ln, khi chn tri va chm t l kt hp sc ton thn nm lu n ng thi c. 2.3. Mt s ng tc b tr cho tp nm lu n 2.3.1. Tp sc vt ca tay v sc rn ca thn ngi Ngi tp ng (chn phi sau, chn tri trc), tay phi cm lu n a lu n xung di, v sau ht c ri dng sc vt ca cnh tay kt hp sc rn ca thn ngi nm lu n xung trc mt xa 3 ( 5m lm t 5 ( 7 ln. Ngi tp ng trc (chn tri trc, chn phi sau), tay phi gi ln trn u ra sau, ngi phc v ng sau ngi tp (chn tri trc, chn phi sau) tay phi cm v ko tay phi ngi tp, tay tri y vai tri ngi tp, ngi tp dng sc ko tay phi v pha trc ng thi xoay b vai phi. Ngi tp ngi xm pha trc, hai tay gi ngang u. Ngi phc v ng sau (chn tri trc, chn phi sau), hai tay cm hai tay ngi tp ghm xung. Ngi tp dng sc y tay ngi phc v, va a thng ln u va kt hp ng dy Dng dy cao su, hoc dy thng buc ghim mt u xung t, ngi tp ng quay lng v pha dy (mt chn trc mt chn sau). Tay nm chc mt u dy, dng sc rn ca ton thn ko mnh tay v pha trc, ngi hi cong v pha sau. Hai tay cm vt nng (g  ...) a vt nng ln u, v sau ly . Dng sc nhn ton thn y vt nng v pha trc. Cing lm ng tc nh trn bng mt tay. 2.3.2. Tp c bng Hai ngi ng gip lng vo nhau. Ngi phc v h thp ngi xung cho ngi tp t lng (phn gia lng) ln trn, hai tay cm hai tay ngi tp v pha trc v kt hp ng dy. Ngi tp nm sp, hai tay m rng, hai bn chn st vo nhau, mii bn chn chng xung t, dng sc nhc na thn ngi trn ln. Nu c ngi phc v th ngi phc v ngi pha sau  v gi cht chn ngi tp Ngi tp nm nga, hai chn thng khp li, t t nhc thn trn dy (chn vn gi nguyn khng c nhc ln) v ci gp ngi v pha trc, hai tay thng vi chm u ngn chn Nu c ngi phc v th ngi phc v ngi pha trc  v gi hai chn ngi tp. CU HI N TP 1. Trnh by tc dng, tnh nng chin u cc loi sng AK, CKC, RP, B41, lu n (-1 v lu n cn 97 Vit Nam? 2. Trnh by cu to chnh ca sng AK, CKC, RP, B41, lu n (-1 v lu n cn 97 Vit Nam? 3. Thc hnh k thut tho v lp sng AK, CKC, RP, B41? 4. Thc hnh k thut bn sng tiu lin AK v sng trng CKC? 5. Thc hnh k thut s dng lu n (-1 v lu n cn 97 Vit Nam? BI 13: K THUT CP CU V CHUYN THNG 1. Cm mu tm thi 1.1. Mc ch Cm mu tm thi bng nhng bin php n gin nhm mc ch nhanh chng lm ngng chy mu  hn ch n mc thp nht s mt mu, phng chng c cc bin chng xu do mt nhiu mu. 1.2. Nguyn tc cm mu tm thi - Phi khn trng, nhanh chng lm ngng chy mu Cc vt thng t nhiu u c chy mu, nht l tn thng cc mch mu ln, mu chy rt nhiu, cn phi khn trng lm ngng mu chy, nu khng mi giy pht chm l thm mt khi lng mu mt i, s c nguy c dn n chong hoc cht do mt mu. - Phi s l ng ch nh theo tnh cht ca vt thng Cc bin php cm mu tm thi phi ty thuc vo tnh cht chy mu  p dng cc bin php k thut cm mu ph hp, x tr ng ch nh theo yu cu ca tng vt thng. - Phi ng quy trnh k thut Cc bin php cm mu tm thi u c quy trnh k thut nht nh. Tin hnh cm mu phi ng k thut mi c th em li hiu qu cao. 1.3. Phn bit cc loi chy mu Cn c vo mch mu b tn thng, c th chia thnh 3 loi chy mu sau: - Chy mu mao mch (cc mch mu rt nh) Mu  thm, thm ra ti ch b thng, lng mu t hoc rt t, c th t cm sau thi gian ngn. - Chy mu t)nh mch va v nh Mu mu  thm, chy r ti ch b thng, lng mu va phi, khng nguy him, nhanh chng hnh thnh cc cc mu bt cc t)nh mch b tn thng li. Tuy nhin nu tn thng cc t)nh mch ln (t)nh mch ch, t)nh mch cm, t)nh mch di n...) s gy chy mu  t v nguy him. - Chy mu ng mch Mu  ti, chy vt thnh tia (theo nhp tim p) hoc tro qua ming vt thng ra ngoi nh mch nc n t y ging ln, lng mu ty theo mc  tn thng ca ng mch. Thc t rt t xy ra chy mu n thun mao mch, t)nh mch do vy cn thn trng nhanh chng xc nh tnh cht chy mu mao mch, t)nh mch hay ng mch  quyt nh bin php cm mu thch hp v kp thi. 1.4. Cc bin php cm mu tm thi Cm mu tm thi ngay sau khi b thng khng nht thit do cn b y t lm, bn thn ngi b thng c th t lm hoc nhng ngi xung quanh trc tip lm. Cc bin php cm mu tm thi gm: - Gp chi ti a Gp chi ti a l bin php cm mu thi, n gin, hiu qu, mi ngi u c th t lm c. Khi chi gp mnh, cc mch mu cing b gp v b  p bi cc khi c bao quanh lm cho mu ngng chy. Gp chi ti a khng gi c lu do phi gp chi mnh nn d mi. Trng hp c gy xng km theo khng thc hin c gp chi ti a. V vy gp chi ti a ch l bin php cm mu tm thi, sau  cn phi b sung bng bin php cm mu khc. + Gp cng tay vo cnh tay: Khi chy mu nhiu  bn tay v cng tay, phi gp ngay tht mnh cng tay vo cnh tay. Khi gi lu  chuyn ngi b thng v cc tuyn cu cha, cn phi c nh t th gp bng mt vi vng bng hoc dy tht lng gh cht c tay vo phn trn cnh ta.  Hnh 1: Gp cng tay vo cnh tay (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Gp cnh tay vo thn ngi (c con chn): Khi chy mu nhiu do tn thng ng mch cnh tay, s dng mt con chn l mt khc g trn ng knh 4(5cm, hay cun bng hoc bt k mt vt rn tng t kp cht vo nch  pha trn ch chy mu, c nh cnh tay vo thn ngi bng vi vng bng.  Hnh 2: Gp cnh tay vo thn ngi c con chn (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Gp cng chn vo thn i: Khi chy mu qu nhiu  bn chn v cng chn, ngi b thng nm nga hoc ngi, dng hai bn tay ko mnh cng chn p vo i. Mun chc chn c th m mt cun bng vo np khoeo ri c nh c chn vo i bng mt vng bng.  Hnh 3: Gp cng chn vo i (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Gp i vo thn ngi: Khi chy mu nhiu  i, ngi b thng nm nga, dng hai tay ko mnh u gi  p cht i vo thn ngi. C th cun vo vng bng hoc dng dy lng  c nh i vo thn ngi. ng mch i b gp v b p cht  np bn lm cho mu ngng chy hoc chy yu.  Hnh 4: Gp i vo thn ngi (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - n ng mch n ng mch  cm mu tm thi l dng ngn tay (ngn tay ci hoc cc ngn khc hay c nm tay) n  vo pha trn vt thng lm ng mch b p cht gia ngn tay n v nn xng lm mu ngng chy. n ng mch c tc dng cm mu nhanh, t gy au n, khng gy tai bin nguy him cho ngi b thng nhng i hi ngi lm phi nm chc kin thc gii phu v ng i ca mch mu. n ng mch khng gi c lu v mi tay ngi n, do vy ch l bin php cm mu tm thi, sau  phi thay th ngay bng cc bin php khc. Mt s im chnh khi n ng mch trn c th: + n ng mch tr v quay  c tay: Khi chy mu nhiu  bn tay, dng ngn ci n vo ng mch tr v quay  pha trn c tay, cch b trong (ng mch tr) v b ngoi (ng mch quay) cng tay 1,5cm. + n ng mch cnh tay  mt trong cnh tay: Khi chy mu nhiu  cng tay, cnh tay, dng ngn ci hoc bn ngn n mnh vo mt trong cnh tay  pha trn vt thng. Nu  cao, n su vo ng mch nch  nh h nch.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 5: n ng mch cnh tay (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + n ng mch di tay n: Khi mu chy nhiu  h nch, dng ngn ci n mnh v su  h trn n st gia b sau xng n lm ng mch p cht vo xng sn, mu s ngng chy.  Hnh 6: n ng mch di n (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + n ng mch i np bn: t ngi b thng nm nga, dng hai tay n tht mnh vo gia np bn, cc ngn khc m lp mt ngoi v mt trong i, c th dng mt cun bng t vo gia np bn ri n cht, mu ngng chy.  Hnh 7: n ng mch i (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + n ng mch cnh  c: Khi chy mu nhiu  vng c, dng ngn tay ci n mnh vo c, pha di vt thng, theo b trc ca c c n chim. C th dng 5 ngn tay bp vo c c n chim v ng mch cnh  cm mu.  Hnh 8: n ng mch cnh a. n bng ngn ci b. n bng bn ngn (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + n ng mch mt Khi chy mu nhiu  vng m dng ngn ci n mnh vo ng mch  cm, im n  b di, cch gc xng hm di khong 3cm.  Hnh 9 : n ng mch mt (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + n ng mch thi dng nng Khi mu chy nhiu  vng thi dng n vo ng mch thi dng nng  vng trc tai.  Hnh 10: n ng mch thi dng nng (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - Bng cm mu + Bng p L phng php bng vt thng vi cc vng bng xit tng i cht,  mnh vo b phn b tn thng to iu kin cho vic nhanh chng hnh thnh cc cc mu lm ngng chy ra ngoi, ng thi gi cho vt thng khng b nhim khun, nhim bn. Bng p thng p dng cho cc vt thng t ng mch nh, vt thng phn mm rng, vt thng bn tay... Th t bng p: t mt lp gc v bng ht ph kn vt thng. t mt lp bng m ph u trn lp bng gc. Bng theo kiu xon vng hoc s 8 (nn dng loi bng thun v loi bng ny c tnh chun gin tt). + Bng nt Bng nt l bng p, c dng thm bc, gc  trit khun, nht cht vo ming vt thng, to thnh ci nt  cm mu. Nt cng cht lm tng sc  p vo cc mch mu, tc dng cm mu cng tt. Bng nt thng p dng cho vt thng phn mm rng  cc khi c ln nh c mng, c i... + Bng chn Bng chn l kiu  p nh n ng mch c s dng mt vt cng trn, nhn khng sc cnh, gi l con chn nh cnh cy nh di khong 2cm, l penixilin hoc cun bng... Con chn c t vo v tr trn ng i ca ng mch gia vt thng v tim, cng st vt thng cng tt, sau  c nh con chn bng nhiu vng bng xit tng i cht.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 11: Bng chn  h nch Hnh 12: Bng chn  cnh tay (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015).  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 13: Bng chn  hm khoeo Hnh 14: Bng chn  c chn (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). - Gar Gar l bin php cm mu tm thi bng si dy cao su hoc dy vi xon cht vo on chi, lm ngng s lu thng mu t pha trn xung pha di ca chi, mu s khng chy ra  ming vt thng. Do s ngng lu thng mu trong thi gian rt d xy ra tai bin nguy him. V vy phi cn nhc k) trc khi quyt nh gar trong cc trng hp vt thng c chy mu. + Ch nh gar: Gar c php lm trong mt s trng hp sau y: Vt thng  chi chy mu  t, phn thnh tia hoc tro ra vt thng. Vt thng b ct ct t nhin. Vt thng phn mm hoc gy xng c km theo tn thng ng mch  cm mu bng bin php tm thi khc khng hiu qu. Ngi b thng hoc ngi xung quanh khng bit lm bng chn. B rn c cn, ngn cn cht c xm nhp vo c th. + Nguyn tc khi t gar: Gar l bin php cm mu nhanh, n gin v trit , nhng d gy tai bin nguy him. V vy khi t gar cn phi theo nguyn tc sau: Phi t gar ngay st pha trn vt thng v  l gar ra ngoi. Ngi b t gar phi c nhanh chng chuyn v cc tuyn cu cha, trn ng vn chuyn c 1 gi phi ni gar mt ln, khng  gar lu qu 3(4 gi. Phi chp hnh trit  nhng quy nh v gar C k hiu bng vi  ci vo ti o bn tri. Ghi chp y  th tc hnh chnh nh: h tn, a ch ngi b gar, thi gian bt u t gar, thi gian ni gar ln 1, ln 2; h tn, a ch ngi gar... gip cc tuyn trn theo di v x tr. + Cch t gar: Dy gar thng dng si dy cao su to bn (3( 4cm) mng v n hi tt. Trng hp khn cp c th s dng bt k dy khc nh: cun bng, dy cao su trn, quai dp, khn tay... gar nhng cc loi dy ny d lm da, c dp nt, gy au ngi b thng. + Th t ng tc t gar: n ng mch pha trn vt thng  cm mu tm thi. Lt vi gc vo ch nh gar. Khng thy chy mu  vt thng l c. Khng xon qu cht s lm ngi b thng au v cng tc. C nh que xon. Bng vt thng v lm cc th tc hnh chnh cn thit. + Cch ni gar Mt ngi n ng mch pha trn gar. Mt ngi ni dy gar, ni t t. Va ni va theo di sc mt ngi b thng, tnh hnh chy mu  vt thng, mch v mu sc on chi di gar. Nu thy mu chy mnh  vt thng phi n ng mch ngay. Nu thy sc mt ngi b thng thay i t ngt tm ti hoc nht nht phi t gar li. Nu khi ni gar khng thy mu chy nhiu t vt thng c th khng cn tht li gar, nhng vn  ti v tr ci sn sng buc li. + t li gar: Thi gian ni gar khong 4(5 pht sau  t gar li ngay. Khi gar li khng t  ch ci, c th nhch ln hoc xung mt t trnh gy ln da tht v thiu mu ko di ti ch t gar. + Mt s trng hp khng ni gar: Chi  b ct t nhin. on chi phn di gar c du hiu hoi t... khng c ni gar  trnh xy ra tai bin nguy him; Gar trong trng hp b rn cn.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 15: Gar ng mch cnh tay a. t gc v dy gar; b, c. xon v buc gar (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). 2. C nh tm thi xng gy 2.1. Mc ch Nhng vt thng c gy xng trong chin tranh hay do cc tai nn bt thng, tn thng thng phc tp nh: - Xng b gy rn, gy cha ri hn (gy cnh xanh), gy ri thnh hai hay nhiu mnh hoc c th mt tng on xng. - Da, tht b dp nt nhiu, mch mu, thn kinh xung quanh b tn thng. - Thm nhng tn thng mi do cc u xng gy di ng trong qu trnh vn chuyn gy nn. - Gy chong do au n, mt mu - Nhim khun vt thng. V vy c nh tm thi gy xng nhm gi cho ch gy c tng i yn t)nh  vn chuyn ln cc tuyn an ton, to iu kin thun li cho cu cha tip theo. 2.2. Nguyn tc c nh tm thi xng gy - Np phi c nh c c khp trn v khp di ch gy; cc xng ln nh xng i, ct sng... phi c nh t 3 khp tr ln. - Np phi m, lt bng bng m, gc hoc vi mm ti nhng ch tip xc gia np v c th ngi b thng  khng gy thm cc tn thng khc. Khi c nh khng cn ci qun o ca ngi b thng v qun o c tc dng tng cng m lt cho np. - Khng co ko, nn chnh ch gy trnh gy tai bin nguy him cho ngi b thng. Nu iu kin cho php, c th nh nhng ko, chnh li trc chi bt bin dng sau khi  c gim au. - Bng c nh np vo chi phi tng i chc chn, khng  np xc xch, nhng khng qu cht gy cn tr lu thng mu ca chi. 2.3. K thut c nh tm thi xng gy Thao tc c nh tm thi xng gy tuy khng phc tp nhng i hi mi ngi phi thun thc k thut c nh, ng thi phi chun b y  dng c khi cp cu. - Cc loi np thng dng c nh tm thi xng gy + Np tre hoc g: Np tre hoc g l np c dng rt ph bin, d lm, d kim   cng, d c nh. B np cnh tay: dng 2 np, chiu rng 5cm, di ty theo v tr t np. Np trong di 20 cm (t h nch ti np khuu); np ngoi di 35 cm (t ngoi vai xung ti khuu) B np cng tay: 2 np, rng 5cm, dy 0,5 cm. Np trong di 35 cm (t np khuu xung vt qu bn tay, ngn tay), np ngoi di 30cm (t xung vt qu ngn tay). B np cng chn: 2 hoc 3 np, rng 5( 6cm, di 60cm B np i: 3 np, dy 0,8cm, rng 7( 8cm. Np ngoi di 120cm (t ngoi h nch ti b ngoi mt c chn), np sau di 100cm (t trn mo chu xung qu gt chn), np trong di 80cm (t np bn n qu mt trong mt c chn).  Hnh 16: B np i bng g (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Np st Crame: Np Crame lm bng thp, hnh bc thang, c th un np theo t th cn c nh hoc ni hai np vi nhau khi cn mt np di. Np Crame c nh tt hn np tre nhng t v nng hn, do vy t c s dng  c nh tm thi xng gy ngay ti ni b thng, b nn  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 17: Np st Crame (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). Ngoi nhng loi np chun b sn hoc ch thc c th vn dng mt s vt cht ti ch  c nh gy xng nh: Cnh cy, gy g, n gnh...c th buc chi trn vo thn ngi hoc buc hai chi di vo nhau. - K thut c nh tm thi mt s trng hp gy xng Cc vt thng gy xng h, phi cm mu cho vt thng, bng kn vt thng, sau  mi t np c nh xng gy. + C nh tm thi gy xng bn tay, khp c tay: Dng mt np tre to bn hoc np Crame. t mt cun bng to hoc mt cun bng gn vo lng bn tay,  bn tay  t th na sp, cc ngn tay  t th na gp. t np tre hoc np Crame thng t bn tay n khuu tay. Bng c nh bn tay, cng tay vo np,  h cc u ngn tay tin theo di s lu thng mu. Dng khn tam gic hoc cun bng treo cng tay  t th gp 900  Hnh 18: C nh xng bn tay a. t cun bng v np; b. Bng c nh (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + C nh tm thi gy xng cng tay: Dng 2 np tre hoc np Crame. C nh bng np tre t np ngn  mt trc cng tay (pha lng bn tay) t bn tay n np khuu, cng tay  t th gp 900. t np di  mt sau cng tay (pha mu bn tay) t khp ngn tay n mm khuu. Buc c nh hai on: mt on  c tay v bn tay, mt on  trn v di np khuu. Dng khn tam gic hoc cun bng treo cng tay  t th gp 900.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 19: C nh xng cng tay bng np tre a. t np; b. Buc c nh; c. Treo cng tay (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). C nh bng np Crame Un np gp 900 t np Crame vo mt sau cnh tay, cng tay t khp bn tay n gia cnh tay. Dng bng cun xon vng t bn tay n gia cng tay  c nh cng tay, cnh tay vo np. Dng khn tay tam gic hoc bng treo cng tay.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 20: C nh gy xng cng tay bng np Crame a. Un np gp 900; b, c. t cun bng; d. Treo cng tay (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + C nh tm thi gy xng cnh tay: Dng hai np tre hoc np Crame. C nh bng np tre t np ngn  mt trong cnh tay t np khuu n h nch. t np di  mt ngoi cnh tay t mm khuu n mm vai. Buc mt on  mt phn ba trn cnh tay v khp vai, mt on  trn v di np khuu  c nh cnh tay vo np. . Dng bng tam gic hoc cun bng treo cng tay  t th gp 900 v cun vi vng bng buc cnh tay vo thn ngi.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 21: C nh gy xng cnh tay bng np tre a. t np tre; b. Bng c nh; c. Treo v buc cnh tay (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). C nh bng np Crame t cng tay vung gc vi cnh tay  t th cnh tay na sp st vo thn ngi, dng cun bng hoc cun bng lt vo nch. Un np theo t th ca chi i t c tay vng qua mt ngoi cnh tay un ra sau lng ti mt sau xng b vai chi lnh. Dng cun bng buc u trn vi u di ca np, di bng t trc, ra sau thn ngi. Cun nhiu vng bng  c nh np vo chi v thn ngi.  Hnh 22: C nh gy xng cnh tay bng np Crame (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + C nh tm thi gy xng cng chn: Dng hai np tre hoc Crame C nh bng np tre: t hai np  mt trong v mt ngoi cng chn gy, t gt ln ti gia i. Nu dng 3 np: 2 np t nh trn, np th 3 t mt sau cng chn. t bng m lt vo cc u xng. Buc c nh np  3 v tr: V tr 1  c v bn chn, v tr 2  trn v di gi, v tr 3  gia i c nh chi gy vo np  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 23: C nh gy xng cng chn bng np tre a. t np tre; b. Buc c nh; (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). C nh bng np Crame t mt np Crame  mt sau ca chi ko di t gia i n gt chn, b np vung gc vi bn chn ti ngn chn. t bng m lt ri bng c nh cng chn vo np  3 v tr nh c nh bng np tre.  Hnh 24: C nh gy xng cng chn bng Came a. t np; b. Buc c nh (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). Khng dng np: Trng hp khng c np c th c nh tm thi gy xng cng chn bng cch buc vo chi lnh  c chn, gi v i, trc khi vn chuyn. + C nh tm thi gy xng i: Dng ba np tre hoc ba np Crame C nh bng np tre: t np sau t ngang tht lng (trn mo xng chu) n gt chn. t np ngoi t h nch n qua gt chn. t np sau t np bn n qua gt chn. Dng bng m lt vo cc u xng. Buc c nh np vo chi  bn chn, c chn, trn v di gi, bn, ngang tht lng, h nch.  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 25: C nh gy xng i bng np tre a. t np; b. Bng c nh (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). C nh bng np Crame: tng t nh c nh bng np tre. i vi cc trng hp gy xng i, mc d  c c nh u phi vn chuyn bng cng cng. 3. H hp nhn to H hp nhn to l bin php lm cho khng kh  ngoi vo phi v khng kh trong phi ra ngoi  thay th cho qu trnh h hp t nhin khi ngi b nn ngt th. 3.1. Nguyn nhn gy ngt th Ngt th l biu hin ca thiu xi, c th thiu xi  phi, c th thiu xi trong mu v t bo, nht l t bo thn kinh, lm cho cc t bo b t lit ri cht. Ngt th thng xy ra trong mt s trng hp sau: - Do cht ui (ngt nc): Ngi khng bit bi khi ng xung nc, b nc nhn chm sau 2(3 pht s ngt th. - Do vi lp: Khi b sp hm,  nh ca t ct vi lp... ngc b  p, mii ming b t ct nht kn nhanh chng gy ngt th. - Do ht phi kh c: + K ch c th s dng mt s cht kh c  gy ngt nh: Clorua xianogien, axit xianhirit (HCN), pht-pho-gien v i-pht-gien... + Nhng ngi  lu trong cc khu vc cht hp, hm kn thng xuyn thiu khng kh, hay nhng ngi lm vic trong khu vc tip xc vi cht c, thiu phng tin bo h hoc c nhng ngi lao ng vi phm cc quy tc bo m an ton c hi, c th ht phi mt s cht c nh: oxit cacbon (CO)...d gy ngt th. - Do tc nghn ng h hp trn: Ngi b bp c, ngi tht c, ngi b nn c nhiu m, di, mu, cc cht nn...n tc ng h hp trn gy ngt th. Ngi b ngt th thng nm yn, khng c ng, khng tnh, hot ng h hp ngng, lng ngc thnh bng bt ng, sc mt trng nht hoc tm ti, chn tay lnh gi, tim ngng p, mch khng s thy, t si bng vo trc mii khng chuyn ng. 3.2. K thut cp cu ban u Yu cu:  Cp cu nhanh, khn trng, kin tr v thnh tho trong k thut . - Nhng bin php cn lm ngay + Loi b nguyn nhn gy ngt: Bi t ct cho ngi b vi lp, vi ngi cht ui, a ngi b nhim c ra ni an ton (phi c phng tin bo v cho ngi cp cu),  ngi b nn ti ni thng thong, trnh tp trung ng ngi, nhanh chng gi ngi h tr v gi cp cu lu ng. + Khai thng ng h hp trn: Lau chi, mc t ct, m di... mii ming, cn thit phi ht trc tip bng ming. Ni tho b qun o, cc dy nt, tht lng, dy tht c  ngi b nn d c th t th c. - H hp nhn to + Thi ngt: Ngi b nn nm nga, k mt chic gi hoc chn, mn...di gy cho u hi nga ra sau. Ngi cp cu qu bn tri st ngang vai ngi b nn, dng mt ngn tay cun ming gc hoc vi sch a vo trong ming ngi b nn lau sch m di, cc cht nn...Dng mt tay bp kn hai bn mii, mt tay y mnh cm cho ming h ra, ht mt hi tht di, p ming mnh vo st ming ngi b nn thi mnh. Lm lin tip vi nhp  15( 20 ln/pht. Nu phi hp p tim ngoi lng ngc 1 ln thi ngt 4(5 ln n tim.  Hnh 26: Thi ngt (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + p tim ngoi lng ngc: Ngi cp cu qu bn cnh ngang tht lng ngi b nn. t bn tay tri chng ln bn tay tri, cc ngn tay xen k nhau,  ln 1/3 di xng c, cc ngn tay chch sang bn. p mnh bng sc nng c th xung xng c ngi b nn vi mt lc va   lng ngc ln xung 2 - 3 cm. Vi tr nh lc p nh hn. Sau mi ln p th lng tay cho ngc tr li v tr bnh thng. Duy tr vi nhp  50( 60 ln/pht Trng hp mt ngi lm, duy tr 2 ln thi ngt 15 ln p tim.  Hnh 27: p tim ngoi lng ngc (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). Trng hp hai ngi lm: Ngi thi ngt qu bn tri, ngi p tim qu bn phi ngi b nn v duy tr mt ln thi ngt 5 ln p tim. Lm lin tc cho n khi ngi b nn t th c, tim p li th dng. Thi ngt p tim ngoi lng ngc khng p dng vi nhng ngi c tn thng ct sng v gy xng sn. + Phng php Ninsen (Nielsen) t ngi b nn nm sp, u quay sang mt bn, gi ln hai bn tay  bt cho nhau ln u. Ngi cp cu qu  bn pha u t hai bn tay ln hai b vai ngi b nn. Th th ra: Ngi cp cu hi ng v trc, hai cnh tay thng, n mnh xung hai b vai ngi b nn ri t ngt bung lng tay lm cho khng kh  trong phi ra ngoi. Th th vo: Ngi cp cu cm tay ngi b nn  st mm khuu ko cnh tay ln trn v v pha u (khng nhc u ln) ri t tay v t th ban u lm cho khng kh  ngoi vo phi. Lm vi nhp  10(12 ln/pht  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Hnh 28: H hp nhn to bng phng php NinSen a. Th ra; b. Th vo (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Phng php Xinvetst Ngi b nn nm nga u quay v mt bn c chn hoc gi m di lng. Ngi cp cu qu  pha u, nm cht ly hai c tay ngi b nn. Th th ra: a hai cng tay ngi b nn gp vo trc ngc, ngi cp cu hi nhm v pha trc, tay dui thng, p mnh  lm cho khng kh  trong phi ra ngoi. Th th vo: Ngi cp cu ngi xung ng thi ko hai c tay ngi b nn dang rng ra ti chm u ri li a tr v t th ban u lm cho khng kh  ngoi vo trong phi. Lm vi nhp  10(12 ln/pht  Hnh 29: H hp nhn to bng phng php Xinvetst a. Th ra; b. Th vo (Ngun; Gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh. Tng cc Dy ngh, 2015). + Nhng vic lm ng thi vi h hp nhn to: Bng mi cch kch thch ln ngi b nn: Ch xt mnh khp ngi, git tc mai, hoc c iu kin t qu b kt thi khi vo hai l mii, nu ngi b nn nc s c kh nng th li c. Xoa du cao chng lnh hoc si m. iu kin cho php c th tim thuc tr tim. - Nhng im ch khi lm h hp nhn to + Lm cng sm cng tt, kin tr cho n khi ngi b nn t h hp t nhin. Thng thng lm trong thi gian 40( 60 pht khng c hiu qu th dng. + Lm ng nguyn tc, lc  mnh, gi nhp  u n mi thc s hu hiu. + Lm ti ch thng thong, nhng khng lm  ch gi lnh. + Khng c h hp nhn to cho ngi b nhim cht c ho hc, b sc p, b thng  ngc, gy xng sn v tn thng ct sng. + Khng chuyn ngi b ngt th v cc tuyn khi h hp t nhin cha hi phc. 3.3. Tin trin ca vic cp cu ngt th - Tin trin tt H hp dn dn hi phc, ngi b nn nc v bt u th, nhp th lc u ngp ngng, khng u v vn tip tc h hp nhn to theo nhp th ca ngi b nn cho n khi th u, su, mi v sc mt hng tr li. - Tin trin su Ch ngng h hp nhn to khi ngi b nn  c du hiu cht xut hin nh: + Cc mng tm ti xut hin trn da  nhng ch thp. + Nhn cu mm v nhit  hu mn di 250c. + Bt u c hin tng cng  ca xc cht. 4. K thut chuyn thng Ty theo a hnh thi tit, tnh trng c th ca vt thng khong cch vn chuyn m s dng phng tin chuyn thng cho ph hp 4.1. Mang vc bng tay Vn dng  vn chuyn ngi b thng  c ly gn nh du ngi b thng, b ngi b thng, cng ngi b thng. 4.2. Chuyn nn nhn bng cng L bin php ph bin, thng dng nht m bo thun li v an ton cho ngi b thng. - Nhng im ch khi vn chuyn ngi b thng bng cng, vng + Phi theo di tnh trng ton thn ca ngi b thng (nh sc mt, hi th, mch, huyt p)  x l kp thi. + Ngi b thng c ga r phi thc hin ni bng ng quy nh v thi gian + B thng  hm, c trc phi t nm xp (nu nm nga rt d b ngt th do mu chy vo ng h hp). + B thng  bng phi t nm nga, chn hi co  to p lc trong  bng, gim thiu cc ph tng li ra ngoi. + B thng  ngc phi t nm nga na trn gn nh t th ngi  d th. + B thng  xng sng, vng chu phi vn chuyn bng cng cng khng dng vng. + Khi khing thng binh bao gi cing phi a u i trc. + Khi leo ni u thng binh bao gi cing phi cao hn chn (nu l cng cng phi bo m cn bng) thng bng. + Tuyt i khng  ng, rt thng binh khi t cng, vng phi nh nhng khng gy chn ng mnh. CU HI N TP 1. Trnh by mc ch nguyn tc v cc bin php cm mu tm thi, c nh xng gy? 2. Trnh by nguyn nhn gy ngt th? Cc phng php cp cu ban u khi c nn nhn b ngt th? TI LIU THAM KHO 1. Hin php nc Cng ho x hi ch ngh)a Vit Nam, 2013. 2. Ch th 12-CT/TW ngy 03/05/2007 ca B Chnh tr v tng cng s lnh o ca ng i vi cng tc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh trong tnh hnh mi. 3. Vn kin i hi i biu ton quc ln th XII, Vn phng Trung ng ng, H Ni, 2016. 4. Lut Bin gii quc gia, 2004. 5. Lut Ngh)a v qun s, 2015. 6. Lut An ninh quc gia, 2004. 7. B lut Hnh s2015, sa i, b sung nm 2018. 8. Lut Tn ngng, tn gio, 2016. 9. Lut Quc phng, 2018. 10. Lut Gio dc quc phng v an ninh, 2013. 11. Lut bin Vit Nam, 2012. 12. Lut Dn qun t v, 2009. 13. Php lnh lc lng d b ng vin nm, 1996. 14. Ngh nh s 116/2006/N-CP ngy 06/10/2006 ca Chnh ph v ng vin quc phng. 15. Ngh nh s 05/2011/N-CP ngy 14/01/2011ca Chnh ph v Cng tc dn tc. 16. Ngh nh s25/2014/N-CP ngy 07/04/2014quy nh v phng, chng ti phm v vi phm php lut khc c s dng cng ngh cao. 17. Ngh nh s 13/2014/N-CP ngy 25/02/2014 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v bin php thi hnh Lut Gio dc quc phng v an ninh. 18. Ngh nh 164/2018/N-CP ngy 21/12/2018 ca Chnh ph v  kt hp quc phng vi kinh t - x hi v kinh t - x hi vi quc phng 19. Ngh nh s 71/2018/N-CPngy 15/05/2018quy nh chi tit mt s iu ca lut qun l, s dng vi kh, vt liu n v cng c h tr v vt liu n cng nghip v tin cht thuc n. 20. Thng t s 01/2018/TT-BGDT ngy 26/01/2018 ca B Gio dc v o to ban hnh Danh mc thit b dy hc ti thiu mn hc gio dc quc phng v an ninh trong cc trng tiu hc, trung hc c s, trung hc ph thng v trng ph thng c nhiu cp hc (c cp trung hc ph thng), trung cp s phm, cao ng s phm v c s gio dc i hc. 21. Thng t s 02/2017/TT-BGDT ngy 13/01/2017 ca B trng B Gio dc v o to ban hnh Chng trnh gio dc quc phng v an ninh trong trng trung hc ph thng. 22. Thng t s 08/2015/TT-BLTBXH ngy 27/02/2015 ca B Lao ng - Thng binh v X hi Ban hnh chng trnh, gio trnh mn hc Gio dc quc phng v an ninh dng cho trnh  trung cp ngh, trnh  cao ng ngh. 23. Thng t s 03/2017/TT-BGDT ngy 13/01/2017 ca B trng B Gio dc v o to ban hnh Chng trnh gio dc quc phng v an ninh trong trng trung cp s phm, cao ng s phm v c s gio dc i hc. 24. B Gio dc v o to: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng  an ninh tp 1, tp 2 dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng, Nh xut bn gio dc, 2007. 25. o Huy Hip, Nguyn Mnh Hng, Lu Ngc Hi, Nguyn Hong Minh, L i Ngh)a, Trn ng Thanh, Vi Quang To,  Xun To, Hong Khc Thng, L Don Thut, T Ngc Vng, Nguyn T Vng, Nguyn Trng Xun: Gio trnh Gio dc quc phng - An ninh (dng cho sinh vin cc trng i hc, cao ng). Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam, 2008. 26. Hc vin chnh tr: Phng, chng "din bin ha bnh"  Vit Nam - nhng vn  l lun v thc tin, Nh xut bn Chnh tr quc gia, 2009. 27. Gio trnh Gio dc an ninh - trt t, Nh xut bn Gio dc Vit Nam 2012. 28. iu lnh qun l b i, Nh xut bn Qun i nhn dn, 2011. 29. Sch dy bn sng tiu lin AK, Cc qun hun, BTTM, nm 1997. 30. Sch dy bn sng trung lin RP, Cc qun hun, BTTM, nm 2000. 31. Sch dy bn sng dit tng B41, Cc qun hun, BTTM, nm 2002./.      PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 3(5 bc 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 3(5 bc 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 3(5 bc 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3(5 bc 1 2 3 3 2 1 1 3 2 5- 8 bc 1 2 3 5-8 bc 5 ( 8 bc 1 2 32 1 2 3 5 ( 8 bc 8 7 6 3 2 1 5 6 7 8 4 5 4 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 7 6 5 4 3 2 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Mt vt ng kha Mt vt m kha Thanh trt Mt t  cha y v n  cha mc n L cha kim ha Ngom lp hp tip n vo sng Mu gi thn hp tip n L xo cn nng n Thn hp tip n c l Khu trc gi p lt tay Ren u nng u ngm Khu truyn kh thuc B thc ngm Rnh xon L trch kh thuc  cha tai kha nng Ca thot v n Cc sng tng  cng L cha mu gi np hp kha nng Rnh ln Mt vt ging ba L cha ui kho nng Mu dng ba L cha b phn y v Khe trt Mu gt cn ly bo him Kim ha Sng y n L trc c Tay c chn c Ngom gi ba Chn ui ct l xo L xo y v p lt tay trn L thot kh thuc ng dn thoi y Khe tn nhit Khu sau gi p lt tay Khu trc gi p lt tay Khuy lun dy sng  cha ng ph tng  bng sng Bng sng Tay cm Bn nng n Np ng ph tng ng ph tng Thng nng Khe Vnh bo v u ngm c hm b Mu Ca thot Mt thoi Tay ko Cn y Ct l xo L xo 1 9 8 10 2 Vnh t L xo kim ha Knh bo v Nm hiu chnh v tm Loa tip mt T  bn Knhvchkhc Knh thu nh Nm hiu chnh v hng Knh nhn Knh bo v Cng tc bng n Tay hm  c quy u n ui n Chp dn in Phn u ca ngoi n L pht kh Trc dn in Thuc n Phu n 1 11 L xo kim ho Thuc chy chm Thuc n Vlu an B phn gy n on xung Mt phng ngang on ln  lch Hng gi Hng bn Tuyn bn Nm bn c t 100m Bia s 4 Bia s 4 c) a) b) a) b) c) d) c) a) b) a) b) 66T7Z7779999::BB0CQbQRRRRRRSSSSTTTTTTTUU\U^UUV>WbWxWWWWJXnXXXX영l)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhsCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH*RRSTTTUxWWXYZZj[[\p]^._``$b&cehizj7`7gd_$7dxx`7a$gd_XYYY&Z\ZpZ~ZZZZZZ[j[~[[[\\\\\l]p]t]쭖jUAAA&h hhICJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hhI56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhsCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsHt]^^_,_.___``````Xa|aaabbbb b$b(bNbrb"c&c*cvddeef앀lXll&h hhpCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhICJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh_6CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH"fghhhiivjzjjjDklk"l&lllmmmm$n(n.nDnnnn oNoVobo p pحؘlah hhmmH*sH*+h hh_B*OJQJ\]mH*phsH*+h hh_B*OJQJ\]mHphsH)h hh_5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhZCJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hh_B*CJOJQJ]mHphsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh_CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*!zjlk&llmmm(nnRoVo p pqXqq CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*/h hha B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*+h hha B*OJQJ\]mH*phsH*mmmmlmnppBqsuPvNw6yz{}p`$7dxx`7a$gd:b$dxx`a$gdC$7dxx`7a$gdG$7dxx`7a$gda lmnm|mnnpnvnznnnnoo qqqqrrsslvvvvvw$w.wwwzz"{*{||f~~찝u```)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*$ jh hha CJOJQJ\])h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*$ jh hha CJOJQJ\]&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh`6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhC6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*%~<TV&Ήlrrr[G&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh9CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*$ jh hha CJOJQJ\])h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*PΉ\ʍ΍H\<$7dxx`7a$gd:b$dxx`a$gd0P$dxxa$gdC$a$gdG$7dxx`7a$gda ȍ΍ЍFH®kT:&&h hhGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhpJCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhGCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH H\:<RVn*HVvz.<ҔԔp[p[[HH$ jhjUha CJOJQJ\])hjUha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)hjUha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUh:bCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhkCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*<RvL(,.02468:<>@B $dxx$If^a$gdkl $7dxx$If`7a$gd:bl $7dxx$If`7a$gda l &(*DHTXޘܭܙܒ~jUjAj,)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhd+CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH* hjUh h&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)hjUha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH2jhjUh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsHhjUha CJOJQJ\]BDFH˜.wddd$7dxx`7a$gda $dxx`a$gd0PTkds$$Ifl0#W t644 laytk $dxx$If^a$gdkl .B^0JB*dh $7dxx$If`7a$gdN:l $7dxx`7a$gdN:$7dxx`7a$gda $7dxx`7a$gd|H ZnLT@B, 04֭֘օօnZE)h hhN:6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhN:CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH$ jh hha CJOJQJ\])h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhd+CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH46Dfhïs^sKs7&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH$ jhjUhN:CJOJQJ\])hjUhN:5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUhN:CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUhv{CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUhN:CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhpJCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhN:CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hhN:5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhN:CJOJQJ\]mH*sH* hjlnrtįưȰذڰܰް VҾgO8,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH/h hha B*CJOJQJ\]mHphsH/h hha B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH* hjUh h&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUh`6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*hjUh0P6CJOJQJ\&hjUh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH2jhjUh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHuhlprvxz|~įذ $dxx$If`a$gd0Pl $7dxx$If`7a$gd|l $7dxx$If`7a$gda l ذڰܰް VjaN;$7dxx`7a$gdd+$7dxx`7a$gda 7`7gdN:Rkd$$Ifl0&# t44 layta $7dxx$If`7a$gda l $dxx$If`a$gd`l V4tx*hjƸȸp]pI&h hhvCJOJQJ\]mHsH$ jh hhvCJOJQJ\]&h hhvCJOJQJ\]mHsH,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu$ jh hha CJOJQJ\])h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhd+CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsHJvҷȸʸ̸θ"6l̼6$dxx`a$gd0P$7dxx`7a$gdN:$dxxa$gdN:$J dxx`J a$gdv$7dxx`7a$gda ȸʸθ "6غ"Nx .||®…r[G&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH$ jh hha CJOJQJ\])h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhvCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH6Bx@.|J`*$7dxx`7a$gda |FT8: dxj֚֮oo[[o[o[o[G[&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhMCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*$ jh hha CJOJQJ\])h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsHdxv jTFJLNPRTVXZ$dxx`a$gd0P$7dxx`7a$gdN:$7dxx`7a$gda j DFHJXZbptjիի՗l՗XիիD&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhvCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsHBtNF j$7dxx`7a$gdA{L$7dxx`7a$gda $dxx`a$gd0Pj& jl~"0j֭lllX&h hhpJCJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH웁lXQX=Q&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH* hjUh h&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)hjUha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH2jhjUh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&hjUh:-CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)hjUha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)hjUha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH$ jhjUha CJOJQJ\]&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsHHf*$7dxx$& #$/If`7a$b$gd-l K$ $7dxx$If`7a$gda l |W$$Sdxx$If]S^a$gdl $dxx$Ifa$gdl $7dxx$If`7a$gda l Dkd6$IfK$L$l t644 la8yta ($"zgzzzzzzz$7dxx`7a$gd|H$7dxx`7a$gda $dxx`a$gd0P_kd$$Ifl<0#4 t 6 644 lae4yta (R`@T^" .hخخ؛؇p\خخH&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH$ jh hha CJOJQJ\])h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*L(nMkd$IfK$L$l' t 6`|644 lae4yta "$7dxx$If`7a$gda l K$ $7dxx$If`7a$gda l  *֮llellelQ&hjUhCJOJQJ\]mH sH hjUh h)hjUha 5CJOJQJ\]mH sH 2jhjUh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu$ jhjUha CJOJQJ\]&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mH sH &hjUh:-CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)hjUha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsHnMkde$IfK$L$l' t 6`#644 lae4yta "$7dxx$If`7a$gda l K$ $7dxx$If`7a$gda l fD X eR?$7dxx`7a$gda $dxx`a$gd0PTkd$$Ifl0T% t%644 layta $$>dxx$If]>^a$gdl $7dxx$If`7a$gda l &ft   0 N \   ѷu`uKu`6`uKuK)hjUhV6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)hjUha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)hjUha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hha 56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH* hjUh h&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*X | ~          cVkd($$Ifl 0-$IP t$644 laytpJ$$udxx$If]^ua$gdpJl $7dxx$If`7a$gda l        . L R    ( * H ükkVB-)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhVCJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH* hjUh h&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)hjUha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&hjUha CJOJQJ\]mHsH  t  h    * H  R B        $7dxx`7a$gda $dxx`a$gd0P   0 F N R T  B D    l       ՘՘խmS2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hh0P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*  l   n T    < r (          $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gda $dxx`a$gd0P$7dxx`7a$gdG . 6 n p   P R T V     jP55jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhGCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH     <    f n      N P      ­pXDD&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*/jh>q 5CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhpJCJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhGCJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hhG6CJOJQJ\]mHsH      P     L N  $dxx`a$gdG$7dxx& #$/`7a$b$gda $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gda $dxxa$gda $7dxx`7a$gda  ( 0   N P ~       {aF2&h hhCJOJQJ\]mHsH5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2j h>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*       J! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! $dxxa$gd$7dxx`7a$gda $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd    " l t   (! *! H! J! L! z! |! ~! įĚąqWBW+,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hha CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hha CJH*OJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hha 6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH~! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " " # # ˷t`K6)h hha 5CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hhm5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhGCJOJQJ\]mHsH5jh>q h>q 6CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhpJCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hha CJOJQJ\]mHsH5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2j h>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu ! ! ! ! ! " " # # D$ $ p% & & & & & 7dx`7gds+$7dxx`7a$gdm $dxa$gds+$a$gdG$dxx`a$gd)P$dxxa$gdG$7dxx`7a$gda # # @$ B$ D$ $ $ $ l% n% p% & & & & & & & & & & 2' ( ( ( İqZC,jq CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*,j'wh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu#h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*X fY jY lY nY pY rY Y Z Z [ [ Z\ ^\ `\ b\ d\ f\ \ $7dxx`7a$gd$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdY$7dxx`7a$gdXjGjY rY Y Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z\ ®r]H]4&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh^06CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhb]6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhUK 6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh^06CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhYCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH* Z\ \\ f\ \ f] h] v] ^ ^ &^ (^ ,^ _ q]H3H)h hh^06CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhb]6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhUK 6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh^06CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhYCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jhjUCJOJQJU\]mHnHu \ \ f] ,^ p^ _ _ _ _ ` H` \a ta a b b b c d $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$7dxx`7a$gd$7d`7a$gds+_ _ H` \a b b b c e ze f Dg Fg vg h h r r r r r *r \r ժՓՓ~jS=*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*,jrhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hhDCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,j8hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,j(hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHud ~d :e X x $7dxx`7a$gd$ dxx` a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$pdxx^p`a$gd?  . R ֛ . | ڝ . F ȟ ʟ Ο П ҟ ԟ ֟ $dxxa$gdD$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$7dxx`7a$gdʟ ̟ П ֟ ܟ  & ¡ ԡ ֡ ء ڡ  d v x z |    \ p   $ ՘ՈՈqՈՈ`՘L՘&h hhDCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*!h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\],jjhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHuh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu֟ ؟ ڟ ܟ  & D ֡ ڡ x z ڣ    " $ & ( * , $7dxx`7a$gdXjG$dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?, . \ p     " $ & \ p $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$ & \ p " 6 t z | ~ ί ` t ص ~ ʸ ذؙؙ؅ذؙؙذ؅ؙuh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hh?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhDCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh[}CJOJQJ\]mH*sH** ҫ " 6 P ` v z | $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG| ί D $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG     ` t ص f ~ $dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG~ ʸ Ը v Ⱥ ޺ D Z b d n p $7dxx`7a$gd?$dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG Ⱥ X Z \ r տՀiU>*&h hhs+6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*,h hh[}56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh[}CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hh?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jwhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu p r м r ڽ Ծ  L P $7dxx`7a$gd$7dxx`7a$gd^0$dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd'V$7dxx`7a$gd[}$7dxx`7a$gdXjG м $ r ڽ L N ` L | įmYCě*h hhCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhs+6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhs+CJOJQJ\]mH*sH* L |  v  4 2  gd&i$dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdXjG7dxx`7gd    t v  4 ٯjS>',jehjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*2h hhXjG5B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*,h hhXjGB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\],jXAhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu 2 $ j 4 8 l \ 4 B F H p 0 4 ֿֿ֖ֆo[G&h hhr$iCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*,jhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHuh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hh?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh?6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH* 0 t X , $ j L  T 7dxx`7gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG$3dxx`3a$gd?T l \ 0 F J p  4 n $7dxx`7a$gdr$i$ 7dxx`7a$gdr$i$dxx`a$gd)P$7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG4 6 d f h j l 溠q]qMq6$"h hhr$iCJOJQJ\]_H*,j&QhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHuh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hh)P6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2jPh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu J ` d ~ ` L ||$7d`7a$gds+$7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdD$7dxx`7a$gd'V$7dxx`7a$gd$7dxx`7a$gdr$i$7dxx`7a$gdXjG N \ ` b d ^ ` b p  < L ꯛrr[rrGGr&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*,jhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh'V6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhnoV6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh'V6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*-h hhXjG5CJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*L  & $dxx`a$gdU;$7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG  & ( տՔտp`Ip8!h hhR* 6CJOJQJ\],jhjUCJOJQJU\]mHnHuh hhm7CJOJQJ\]h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhXjG5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hh^CJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu  ( D h  ||$d$If`a$gds+l $Hd$If`Ha$gds+l $d$If`a$gds+l $7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG  (   \ F J L N ƿƯvbK5*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh'V6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*h hhz6CJOJQJ\&h hh'V6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\] hjUh h&hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*!h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]  s+Hkdz;$$IfTl #Fu# tu#644 lBaytXjGT$d$Ifa$gds+l pkd:$$IfTlF Gh"F FF! tu#6E    44 lBaytXjGT , F H J N P R T \ v n $7dxx$If`7a$gdl $dxx`a$gdU;$7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG$7dxx`7a$gd'V r t v r t v p > ح؆rbrN9)h hhr6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*h hhz6CJOJQJ\&h hhr6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\] hjUh hhjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]&hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jhjUCJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*n t v ( @ D F H J taaaaaaa$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$7dxx`7a$gdr$7dxx`7a$gdR* Dkd;$$Ifl,F t644 lBaytXjG $7dxx$If`7a$gdXjGl > @ B H J v x X Z n       m]VB2Bh hhz6CJOJQJ\&h hhr6CJOJQJ\mH*sH* hjUh hhjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]&hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jhjUCJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhSCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*J x > X \ ^ ` b d f h j l n p $d^a$gd:6$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$dxx`a$gdU;$7dxx`7a$gdR*      T j l p r ubOOOOOO$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$7dxx`7a$gdrkkd#<$$Ifl#F# t0644 lBaytfH$d$If^a$gd:6l    X f l n p          o[D3!h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\],jnhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhXjG5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*,j<hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHuh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhr6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhz6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*r           6   $7dxx`7a$gdr$d^a$gd:6$ & F'd^`a$gd:6$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$dxx`a$gdU;$7dxx`7a$gdR*       < >  p l,jbhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHuh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*,j?hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*/h hhXjGB*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*$ % % d& & .' ' @) ) ) 4* * * + D+ j+ + h, , - . `. x. j/ $7dxx`7a$gd$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$dxx`a$gdU;j/ / X3 7 7 \8 r8 8 8 8 9 R: <; < ? :? ? ? ? ? $7dxx`7a$gdV$d^a$gd^$7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG8 8 9 9 R: T: b: ; ,; <; < < < < ? ? ? ? ? ? ֭oZZJ3,j~hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHuh hhXjGCJOJQJ\])h hhXjGCJH*OJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhV6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhz6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhV6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhXjG5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*? ? ? A 6A >A G G G G G $G DG XH tI I I I I I I 쭀p\H8h hhSCJOJQJ\]&h hhDCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhSCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]*h hhSCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhXjG5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*? A B E F ,F pF G G G G G G G G DG XH H tI I $7dxx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdR* $dxxa$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$dxx`a$gdU;I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I $7dxx$If`7a$gdR* l $7dxx$If`7a$gdXjGl gdS$7dxx`7a$gdSI I I I I I I I J M M N N Q Q R R R 軥{g{{{R{;{,jhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu)hjUhXjG5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&hjUhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH**hjUhJCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH**hjUhSCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*-hjUhR* 6CJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*-hjUhXjG6CJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*I I I J K q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH* hjUh h&hjUhR* CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&hjUhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**hjUhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*0hjUhXjG56CJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*W X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X $7dxx$If`7a$gdXjGl X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Tkd]($$Ifl0$}5D% t5644 laytXjG $7dxx$If`7a$gdXjGl X Z *[ >[ [ ^ T^ `_ b_ _ _ ` a ha a a a a a a a $dxx`a$gdU;$7dxx`7a$gdR* $dxx`a$gd$7dxx`7a$gdXjG_ _ _ _ _ _ ` a a a a a a b Xc ^c `c bc fc oXC/X&h hhDCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hh:6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*h hhR* CJOJQJ\]/jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*,j(h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHua a a a a a b b Dc Zc ^c `c dc fc jc lc nc pc rc c Dd $d^a$gdfH$dxx`a$gdU;$7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjGfc hc c c c d "d Jd e e e &e e e f g g κmYmD/)h hh@6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhz6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh@6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]&h hhJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*5jh>q h>q 5CJOJQJU\]mHnHuDd e f 8f f g g g :g g \h h i j j $7dxx`7a$gdz$7d`7a$gd@$7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG$7dxx`7a$gd@$d^a$gdfHg g g g (g :g tg zg Hh Ph h h i i j o o o o o o o ®p[D®®,jxhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu)h hhz6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhJCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*h hhXjGCJOJQJ\],jM)hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*j vj j k m o o o r r ^t e$-d$If^-a$gdjUl $7d$If`7a$gdjUl $2d$If]2a$gdjUl $7dxx`7a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG$ 77dxx`7a$gd^ o p p q ^t `t bt pt u q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hh:6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*/h hhXjGB*CJOJQJ\]mHphsH5 jFh hhXjGB*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*/h hhXjGB*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*. 0 2 4 6 8 : < > @ B ڙ  2 $ h $dxx`a$gdz$dxx^a$gdR* $7dxx`7a$gdXjG. B 2 B Z l Й ԙ ڙ ܙ   쫗oZE)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh 6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh 6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]_H*mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mHsH ؜ ڜ 2 4 F H h j Ҹ风zfOfzz8,j hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu, jFh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mHsH&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*2 jFh hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mHsH,h hhXjG56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH* ʟ 4 Z $ \ b ` $7dx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS7`7gdS7`7gdS$7dxx`7a$gdXjG$dxx`a$gd $dxxa$gdS ȟ ʟ 4 6 $ Z ܱȝss`I-h hhSB*CJOJQJaJmH*phsH*%h hhSB*OJQJmH*phsH*)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mHsH)h hhXjG6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh 6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*, jFh hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhXjGCJOJQJ\]mHsHh hhXjGCJOJQJ\] $ ` , . 0 > ҽ~hT@T+)h hhz6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*+h hhSCJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH* j"* hr{hjUUmHnHu+h hhSCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*.h hhS6CJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhS6CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*.h hhS56CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* ­ J .  N   6 " $dxxa$gd $da$gdS$7dxx`7a$gd $da$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS  4 6 8 F  "   Ķ ƶ Į՚qZD-,h hh?@CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhSCJH*OJPJQJaJmH*sH*,h hhS@CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*)h hhz6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*+h hhSCJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH* jkhr{hjUUmHnHu(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*)h hh6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*" Ķ ƶ ʶ ̶ 0  n H N ~ $dxa$gd?$7dxx`7a$gdz$dxxa$gd$d`a$gdS $da$gd?$7dx`7a$gdS$7d`7a$gdSƶ ȶ ̶ 0  F H ~ kZD.+h hhSCJH*OJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhSCJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH* j2hr{hjUUmHnHu.h hhS6CJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH*(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*)h hhz6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhz6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*.h hhSCJOJPJQJ\]aJmH*sH*+h hhS6CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* jlhr{hjUUmHnHu~ 6 8 F  4 F     f Z ^ 0 2 ԾԦԎvooooooovvZ(h hh?CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* hjUh h.h hhS6CJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH*.h hhS6CJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*.h hhSCJOJPJQJ\]aJmH*sH*+h hhSCJH*OJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhSCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*~  x F  P  4 F $dx$Ifa$gdl $7dxx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$7dd`7a$gdS   $ T PkdA$$IflF p#F F F  t0#    44 lBayt$dx$Ifa$gdl  & F t mPPPPPPP$dx$Ifa$gdl kd/B$$IflF p#F F F  t0#    44 lBayt 6 < oRRRRR$dx$Ifa$gdl kdB$$IflF p#F F F  t0#    44 lBayt J p oRRRR$dx$Ifa$gdl kdC$$IflF p#F F F  t0#    44 lBayt & \ ~  oRRRRRR$dx$Ifa$gdl kd7D$$IflF p#F F F  t0#    44 lBayt  D lOOO$dx$Ifa$gdl kdD$$IflF p#F  F  t0#    44 lBBayt f | D , o\\\\\\\\\$7dx`7a$gdSkdE$$IflF p#F F F  t0#    44 lBayt , : r R Z x 2 h 2 2 d  7d{xx1$`7gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gd?$7dx`7a$gdS  d > R ҿ|k|S?|*(h hh?CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*.h hhSCJOJPJQJ\]aJmH*sH* jAFhr{hjUUmHnHu(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhSCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*.h hhS6CJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhS6CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*.h hhS56CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* d  > R  6 7dxx`7gdz$dxx`a$gdU; $da$gdS$d`a$gdS$dxa$gd?$7dx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS  Z \ ^ B N P R J  B ®ڝ®چچu®dOڮ(h hhCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* j|Ahr{hjUUmHnHu j4hr{hjUUmHnHu,h hhS@CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* j%,hr{hjUUmHnHu&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*.h hhSCJOJPJQJ\]aJmH*sH*(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* j~$hr{hjUUmHnHu6 Z ^ B  N R J $da$gdi B $da$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU;$a$gd ^( $da$gd$7dx`7a$gdS  l > @ B F   , . ~ F    $a$gd ^( $da$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU; $da$gdi BB D F    $ & ~  Լ}}gWD+0j/MhjUhjUCJOJQJUaJmHnHu$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*h hhS5CJaJmH*sH*+h hhS5CJ_H*aJmH*nH*sH*tH*(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhSCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*.h hhSCJOJPJQJ\]aJmH*sH* h hhSCJOJPJQJaJ4j MhjUhjUCJOJPJQJUaJmHnHu    R  & B | ~   w $ J a$gdS$dx-DM a$gdS$ 71$`7a$gdS$ 71$`7a$gdS2$7dxx-DM `7a$gdS$7dP`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS          D F r t  ׽׽|dN9(9 h hhSCJOJPJQJaJ(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhS6CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*.h hhS6CJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH**h hhS56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*-h hhS0JEB*CJOJQJ^JaJph3h hhS0JE56B*CJOJQJ^JaJph$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH**h hhS5CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*   F \ t  $dx$Ifa$gdl $7d`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU;  $    mPPPP$dx$Ifa$gdl kd\M$$IflF K$F F FB t0$    44 lBayt      r t T V ! ! r$ t$ $ (' ' T+ + - - 6 @6 p6 6 6 7 = pZGZG$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhS6CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*.h hhS56CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*+h hhSCJOJPJQJ\aJmH*sH*,h hhS@CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*.h hhS6CJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH*,h hhS@CJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmH*sH* hjUh h    r oRRR$dx$Ifa$gdl kd]M$$IflF K$F F FB t0$    44 lBaytr t   T oRRR$dx$Ifa$gdl kdR^M$$IflF K$F F FB t0$    44 lBaytT V  n ! oRRR$dx$Ifa$gdl kd _M$$IflF K$F F FB t0$    44 lBayt! ! n" # r$ oRRR$dx$Ifa$gdl kd_M$$IflF K$F F FB t0$    44 lBaytr$ t$ $ $ $' ' ( ( ) l) * o\\\\\\\\\$7dx`7a$gdSkd`M$$IflF K$F F FB t0$    44 lBayt * ,+ T+ + - - 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 6 @6 6 6 7 7 7dxx`7gdS$7d`7a$gdS h7x1$`7gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS7 8 < < x> |> > ? (A xA B B C 0D D }$7dx`7a$gdS8$d-DM a$gdS$a$gd$7xx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU; $  a$gdS$a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS $7`7a$gdS= = x> z> |> > > > > ? A A B B B ؿؖ؂iQ@ jMhr{hjUUmHnHu/h hhSCJOJPJQJaJmHnHsH*u0h hhSCJOJQJ_H aJmH*nH sH*tH &h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*3h hhS0J?56B*CJOJQJ^JaJphh hhSCJOJQJaJ0j:aMhjUhjUCJOJQJUaJmHnHu$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhSCJOJQJ_H aJmH*sH*B B B C C 0D 0G 2G 4G DG ηo\C43h hhS0J?56B*CJOJQJ^JaJphh hhSCJOJQJaJ0jH:ThjUhjUCJOJQJUaJmHnHu$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*/h hhS5CJOJQJ^J_H*aJnH*tH*7h hhS5CJOJQJ^J_H*aJmH*nH*sH*tH*,h hhS0JM6B*CJOJQJaJphbh hhS0JM56B*CJOJPJQJ\]^J_HaJfHmH nH phq sH tH  D pF 0G 4G G H H I I J \K K O fP R R $7xx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS7`7gdS $7`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU;$a$gdS$a$gd $7x`7a$gdSDG G G H Q Q Z Z &[ |[ [ H` N` De Je Rh Xh k k o Vp ~gggR;-h hhSB*CJOJQJaJmH*phsH*(h hhSCJOJQJ_H aJmH*sH*-h hhS0JNB*CJOJQJ^JaJphh hhS5CJaJmH*sH*(h hhS0JH5B*CJPJaJph(h hhSCJOJQJ^JaJmH*sH*+h hhS0JH56B*CJPJaJph&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*h hhSmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*R T T NV V pX X Z Z |[ [ [ :\ k$ 7xx1$`7a$gdS2$7dx-DM `7a$gdS h7x1$`7gdS#6$$$ >7dxx-D@& M `7a$gd&i$7d`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7xx`7a$gdS :\ ] ] :` r` xa a hc ~c c 6e le f Dh h k l Ln $7dx`7a$gdS $7x`7a$gdS$ 7dxx1$`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7xx`7a$gdSLn o Vp tp p p ls ps rs ts vs xs zs |s ~s | $da$gdS $da$gdS$=d`=a$gdS$7dP`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$ h7dxx-DM `7a$gdS7`7gd $7`7a$gdSVp tp p p ls ns ts |s s t y y y y y &y ,y dy hy |z |} } }  6 \ ^ b s_ssOO_h hhSCJOJQJ\aJ&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*(h hhS@ CJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH* jh>q h>q UmHnHu'h hhSCJOJQJ\aJmH*sH**h hhS6CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmH*sH**h hhS56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*~s s t u xw y y y y y y y y y y y fy $d`a$gdS$d`a$gdS $da$gdS$7d`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU; $da$gdSfy hy |z | |} } } ~ &  H  6 f Z \ ` b $d`a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU;$d`a$gdSb d f h j l ΅  T V Z \ ^ ` b d f h $7d`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU; $da$gd$d`a$gdS $da$gdS$d`a$gdSb f ΅ V X ` d Έ   Đ ΐ ֐ v ֱ֛tt_N??_ˆh hhSCJOJQJaJ h hhS@CJOJQJaJ(h hhS@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH**h hhS6CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH* jh>q h>q UmHnHu&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*'h hhSCJOJQJ\aJmH*sH**h hhSCJOJQJ\]aJmH*sH*h Έ   8  Ɛ Ȑ ʐ ̐ ΐ А Ґ Ԑ ֐ v $d`a$gd:6$d`a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU;$d`a$gdSv x 2 $  : * x  $7dx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU;$1d`1a$gd2s$7dx`7a$gdS$d`a$gdS @ x$7dx-DM ]`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU;$7dx`7a$gdS$dxa$gdS$7d`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS @ |   ¬ Ĭ Ƭ  > @  , 0 2 4 D Ȳܞ܊yj܊ܞY?3h hhS0J?56B*CJOJQJ^JaJph jdThr{hjUUmHnHuh hhSCJOJQJaJ j0dThr{hjUUmHnHu'h hhSCJH*OJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmH*sH**h hhS56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH* jh>q h>q UmHnHu@ D | V ¬ Ƭ  D  , 0 4 $dxx`a$gdU; $da$gdS$dxx`a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdSD f h ܸ : \ h  $  "  P R V z ԬԬԬԬԖԬԬԬԀjTC jh>q h>q UmHnHu*h hhS5CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH**h hhU;5CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH**h hhfH5CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH**h hhS56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*0h hhSCJOJQJ_H*aJmH*nH*sH*tH*4 h ܸ   `   j N 0 $7dxx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU; $da$gdS : , \ ` . r > h 2  $ J  " 2 $7d]`7a$gdS$7dd`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS2  2 P R T V z $a$gdS $da$gdS$d`a$gdS $da$gdy$7dxx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS 2  D v B ذiU?/??h hhSCJOJQJ\aJ*h hhS6CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*&h hhU;6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*0h hhSCJOJQJ_H*aJmH*nH*sH*tH*3h hhS0J?56B*CJOJQJ^JaJph'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmH*sH**h hhS56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*#h hhSCJaJmHnHsH*u$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhSCJOJQJ\aJmH*sH* 2 ` p $7dxx`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gdU; $da$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS $dxa$gdS $da$gdS 2 * X h , x D $  D v   H B $7dx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS $ \  : b " ( L x $7dxx-DM `7a$gdS7`7gd$7dx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS " ( : >     뾨{gTAT,gT(h hhS@CJOJQJaJmHsH$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmHsH'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmHsH*h hhS56CJOJQJaJmHsH-h hhSB*CJOJQJaJmHphsH+ jFh hhSB*CJOJQJaJph-h hhSB*CJOJQJaJmH*phsH**h hhS6CJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*'h hhSCJOJQJ\aJmH*sH*x " B f <    `  8 z  " :     $dxx`a$gd $7dx`7a$gdS$7dx-DM `7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS 8 z               8 : X t`O@`h hhSCJOJQJaJ jgUhr{hjUUmHnHu&h hh 6CJOJQJ\mH*sH*(jsIUhjUhjUOJQJUmHnHu" jFh hhSCJOJQJaJ$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmHsH'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmHsH*h hhS56CJOJQJaJmHsH(h hhS@CJOJQJaJmHsH   : X `" R# & & *' ' ( `, $7d`7a$gdS> /7dxx-DM `7gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7x^`7a$gdS$dxx`a$gd $da$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS X j `" r" R# d# $ $ & & & (' *' ' ' ( ( ^, `, j, l, - - ̹̹~fT;fT;fT;0h hhSCJOJQJ_H*aJmH*nH*sH*tH*"h hhS56CJaJmH*sH*.h hhS56CJ_H*aJmH*nH*sH*tH*'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhSCJH*OJQJaJmHsH$h hhSCJOJQJaJmHsH'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmHsHh hhSCJaJmHsHh hhS6CJaJmHsH`, l, - . 2/ / b1 3 5 |7 8 8 X: ~m$7dx`7a$gdS$7dx`7a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS$7dx-DM `7a$gdS$ 7d1$`7a$gdS$ 7d1$`7a$gdS>7dxx-DM `7gdS - . . 2/ / 41 61 P1 R1 5 5 z7 8 8 8 X: < < > > "> ԾԗlWD$h hhfCJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhS@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhS@CJOJQJaJmHsH* jh hhSCJOJQJaJmHsH$h hhSCJOJQJaJmHsH'h hhS6CJOJQJaJmHsH*h hhS56CJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*0h hhSCJOJQJ_H*aJmH*nH*sH*tH*X: < t= > > "> @> (? ? Z@ @ fA jA lA A A A B $7dxx`7a$gd 7dx`7gd:6$7dxx`7a$gd:6 $dxa$gd:6 7xx`7gdS$a$gdS$7dxx`7a$gdS"> @> > > > ? ? ? &A (A ,A fA jA lA A A A ƳƳƳؚlW@,h hhB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hh5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hhB*OJQJ]mH*phsH*1h hh75CJOJPJQJ\]aJmH*sH*1h hhf5CJOJPJQJ\]aJmH*sH*$h hhSCJOJQJaJmHsH" jFh hhSCJOJQJaJ$h hhSCJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhS5CJOJQJaJmH*sH*A B ~C C FI I P K ~K M M JO P q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jthjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jjlhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHul l l l l m m 4o 6o 8o :o vo 0p dp fp ,r .r 0r 2r dr s Rs u мШ|мШeNмШ,j1hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,j0hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhsCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*l l m 4o 8o :o vo dp ,r 0r 2r dr Rs u u Fu u v v $7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gd$7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gdu u u u u v v w w w w w w (x x y z z z Tz խՄmYխB2h hh)|?CJOJQJ\],j5hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hhsCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hhDCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hh)|?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,j8hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHuv w w w w (x y Ty z z Tz B{ `{ t{ h} B~ b~ ~   J b  $7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gdTz { B{ " P R T V X Ɔ ֆ ؆ چ  é}cH7é}!h hh46CJOJQJ\]5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2jTh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH* Z \ ֆ ؆  :  d Ҏ  ܑ $dxxa$gd)|?$7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gd    l ̑ Α М Ҝ ؟ ڟ ܟ ˴w```F1F)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu, jh hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHuܑ : 2 V :  * 6 h x  ` b $ $7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gdܟ ޟ > r ʡ ެ ^ ` Ʋ Ȳ F ˷w]FFF//, jh hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*2h hh5B*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*,h hhB*CJOJQJ]mH*phsH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2jth>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu$ r ʡ 2 . b  ެ , n Ȱ $7dxx`7a$gdgd&i$7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gd[Ȱ  ~ F J p     $ d h $7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dx`7a$gd4$a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gdF H J < p ܷ ޷  θ  ` b d ˻zvz_Wz˧B)h hhCJH*OJQJ\]mH*sH*j//hjUU,jhjUCJOJQJU\]mHnHuhjUjhjUU)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*h hh46CJOJQJ\&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*h hhCJOJQJ\]&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*h hh)|?CJOJQJ\] jhr{hjUUmHnHud f l n B D H J x z | ~ ՗՗}h}Q72jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h hhCJH*OJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,j/hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu r r  H 8 & T t  . j $7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gd$7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gd[~ 8 & p r . 0 ^ b d f h мВ{i{R:&&h hh)|?CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*/jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*,j%h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu#h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h hhCJH*OJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu* h j D 2 N P ܳ܄oX>2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*)h hhCJH*OJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*h hhCJOJQJ\]j D 2 f Z   j $dxxa$gd)|?$7dxx`7a$gd$7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gd)|?  j $ X z | ЬЀЬfQf:,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jEhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*h hhCJOJQJ\]&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*j X 0 x z  ^ L z b    x `  $7dxx`7a$gdy$7dxx`7a$gd$7dx`7a$gd4 ^  L   j ˷w]H]1,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jhjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu h  V | & b  . < 7`7gd=<$7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gdy$7dxx`7a$gd H | & b $ " $ > @ ˷v_H_HH4&h hhyCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*, jh hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*/h hhB*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2j[h>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu $ H 8  8 @ B F l Z  R V $7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gdy$7dxx`7a$gd@ B D l & Z R T V P      jWA*h hh@CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*$h hhyCJOJQJaJmH*sH*,j hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu, jh hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*,j\hjUhjUCJOJQJUmHnHu&h hhsCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*V @  P    x     X  r  8 $7dxx`7a$gdy$dxxa$gdy$7dxx`7a$gd$7dx`7a$gd4$a$gdy        > r J  8  溠q]Hq1qq]Hq, jh hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh46CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh46CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*5jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu*2j!h>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu,jh>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu)h>q h>q CJOJQJ\]mHnHu2jh>q h>q CJOJQJU\]mHnHu  t  J 8   `   B  X d  Z $7d``XD(YD(`7a$gdjU$7dx`7a$gd4$7dxx`7a$gdy$dxxa$gd|$7dxx`7a$gd   B  Z L     B N | h    b $ # # 꽦꽑ydN9)h hh5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hh@CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh6CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*/h hhB*CJOJQJ\]mH*phsH*)h hhCJH*OJQJ\]mH*sH*,h hh56CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*0 jh hh@CJOJQJ\]mH*sH**h hh@CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*Z | * L  V   B N | h  \   b < $ f! ! " # # 7``XD(YD(`7gdjU$7d``XD(YD(`7a$gdjU# # ^$ &% (% ,% R% % ' ' ( B( ( ( 0) d) ) $dxx-DM `a$gdA$ dxx`a$gdA$dxxa$gd=<$7d``XD(YD(`7a$gdjU$d``XD(YD(a$gdjU# &% (% ,% R% % ' ' ' ' ( ( B( R( T( ( ( ( ( îufWfF5F h hhdl@CJOJQJaJ h hhg@CJOJQJaJh hhdlCJOJQJaJh hhgCJOJQJaJ$h hhdlCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhgCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hh#d CJOJQJaJmH*sH*)h hh5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*)h hh#d 5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh#d 5CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*( ( ( ( ( ( 0) 2) f) h) v) x) ) ) ) * * 2* 4* 6* :* <* >* @* * * * ucUCUC#h hhCCJOJQJ\mH*sH*h hh#d CJOJQJ\#h hh&)"CJOJQJ\mH*sH*hUhUCJOJQJaJhUh-CJOJQJaJhUh#d CJOJQJaJhUhgCJOJQJaJh hhdlCJOJQJaJh hhgCJOJQJaJh hh#d CJOJQJaJ h hhg@CJOJQJaJ h hhA@CJOJQJaJ) ) <* * P+ &, .- B. Z/ 0 3 4 6 \8 9 F< $dxx`a$gd7dxx`gdA$dxx-DM `a$gdA$dxx`a$gdA$dxx`a$gdA$ dxx`a$gdA* * * * * P+ R+ T+ + + + + &, (, *, d, , .- 2- B. F. Л~aЛM9&h hhACJOJQJ\]mH*sH*'h hhgCJOJQJ]aJmH*sH*8h hhgCJOJQJ\aJeh@mH*r@sH*8h hhgCJOJQJ]aJeh@mH*r@sH*$h hhACJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhgCJOJQJaJmH*sH*h hhACJOJQJaJ$h hh&)"CJOJQJaJmH*sH*h hhCCJOJQJ\h hh#d CJOJQJ\F. z. . X/ Z/ ^/ / / 0 0 0 3 3 3 4 4 4 6 6 6 \8 ss^I4s(h hhg@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhA@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hh&)"@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hh&)"CJOJQJaJmH*sH*'h hhgCJOJQJ]aJmH*sH*$h hhgCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhACJOJQJaJmH*sH*.h hh&)"5CJOJPJQJ]aJmH*sH*&h hhSwOCJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh&)"CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*\8 ^8 `8 |9 ~9 9 9 9 9 9 9 :< B< D< F< H< J< h= j= ǴǴǠzhVzA(h hh&)"@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*#h hh/-CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh4CJOJQJ\mH*sH*#h hh$CJOJQJ\mH*sH*&h hhACJOJQJ\]mH*sH*&h hh$CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*$h hhSwOCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhgCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhACJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hh&)"CJOJQJaJmH*sH*F< h= > > ? ? 2@ 4@ 6@ :@ <@ @@ B@ F@ H@ L@ N@ @ @ @ @ $a$ dgd:-$7dxx`7a$gdA$dxx`a$gdA$ dxx`a$gdAj= l= > > > > ? ? ? ? ? ? 0@ 2@ 4@ ðð~e~eP;)h hhg5CJOJQJ\]mH*sH*(h hhg@CJOJQJaJmHsH0h hhg@CJOJQJaJmH*nH*sH*tH*0h hhA@CJOJQJaJmH*nH*sH*tH*0h hh&)"@CJOJQJaJmH*nH*sH*tH*$h hhgCJOJQJaJmH*sH*$h hhACJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhg@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*(h hhA@CJOJQJaJmH*sH*4@ 6@ 8@ <@ >@ B@ D@ H@ J@ N@ P@ ~@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ϱ•yfyyyyyyy% jhZmmhI5CJOJQJaJhZmmhICJOJQJh>q hZmmhIOJQJhI/jhh>q CJOJQJUmHnHu* hjUCJOJQJmHnHu*hhICJOJQJ!jhh>q CJOJQJUhhjhhU&h hhD CJOJQJ\]mHsH(@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ $a$gdGgda $a$gda @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A "A $A &A (A 4A 6A 8A :A A BA DA FA HA JA LA NA PA RA TA VA XA ZA \A ^A `A bA dA fA hA jA lA nA pA rA tA vA xA zA |A ~A hICJ" jhZmmhICJOJQJaJhIhZmmhIOJQJhZmmhICJOJQJh>q O@ @ @ @ @ @ A A A A A A A A A A A "A $A 6A 8A A BA DA HA JA $a$gda l $a$gdGgdGJA NA PA TA VA ZA \A `A bA fA hA jA lA nA pA rA tA vA xA |A ~A A A A A A A A $a$gda l ~A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A B B B B B B B B B B *B hICJOJQJhhICJOJQJhN:hICJOJQJhZmmhICJOJQJaJhpJhIOJQJ" jhpJhICJOJQJaJhpJhICJOJQJh>q hI hICJ6A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A $a$gdN:$a$gda $a$gda l A A A B B B B B B B B ,B .B DB FB JB LB PB RB XB ZB ^B `B dB $a$gdgda l $a$gdl gda $a$gdN:*B ,B .B 2B 4B BB DB FB HB JB LB NB PB RB TB VB XB ZB ^B `B dB fB jB lB pB rB B B ڵ퍥m[mH$hx_IhICJOJQJaJmHsH" jhx_IhICJOJQJaJ$hx_IhICJOJQJaJmHsHhhICJOJQJhI5CJaJmH*sH*hZmmhICJaJhZmmhI5CJaJmH sH hM{hICJOJQJaJ* jhM{hICJOJQJaJmH sH $hM{hICJOJQJaJmH sH h>q hM{hICJOJQJaJdB fB jB lB B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B $a$gda gda ]gda $a$gdB B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C "C $C &C (C *C ,C .C 0C 2C hx_IhIOJQJhx_IhICJOJQJh>q hx_IhICJOJQJaJTB B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C $a$gdG$a$gda C C C C C "C &C (C ,C .C 2C 4C 8C :C >C @C DC FC JC LC PC RC VC XC \C ^C bC dC $a$gda $a$gdG2C 4C 8C :C >C @C DC FC JC LC PC RC VC XC \C ^C bC dC hC jC nC pC tC vC zC |C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C D D D D D D D D D D D D D hx_IhIOJQJhx_IhICJOJQJhx_IhICJOJQJaJh>q TdC hC jC nC pC tC vC zC |C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C $a$gda C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C $a$gda C D D D D D D D D D D D "D &D (D ,D .D 2D 4D 8D :D >D @D DD FD JD LD $a$gda $/]/^a$gda D D D D "D $D &D (D *D ,D .D 0D 2D 4D 8D :D D @D BD DD FD HD JD LD ND PD RD TD VD XD ZD \D ^D `D bD dD fD hD jD nD pD rD tD vD xD zD |D ~D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D hICJhIhx_IhIOJQJhx_IhICJOJQJh>q VLD PD RD VD XD ZD \D ^D `D bD dD hD jD nD pD tD vD zD |D D D D D D D D D D D $a$gda D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D $a$gda D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E "E $E &E (E *E ,E .E 0E 2E 6E 8E :E E @E BE DE FE HE JE LE NE PE RE TE VE XE ZE \E ^E `E bE fE hE jE lE nE pE rE tE vE xE zE |E ~E E E E E E E E E E E E hICJhIh>q `D D D D D D D E E E E E E E E E E E E $E &E *E ,E 0E 2E 6E 8E E $a$gda >E BE DE HE JE NE PE TE VE ZE \E `E bE fE hE lE nE rE tE xE zE ~E E E E E E E E $a$gda E E E E E E E E E E E E F F F ,F .F G HG JG LG NG G G G G G G G G G G G G G H H ⰤⰤⰤ▄"hI0JBOJPJQJ^JmH*sH*hI0JBOJPJQJ^JhICJOJQJaJhICJOJQJaJmH*sH*hICJOJQJaJ"hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJhIh>q hICJaJ"hICJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*4F F F F F F F F G G G G (G :G G JG LG NG dG G G G G G G G gdXjG $a$gdXjG $da$gdXjGG G H H H H @H BH XH lH nH H H H H I I I I BI DI rI tI I I I I gdXjG $da$gdXjG$a$gdXjGH H H H H >H @H BH jH lH nH H H H H H H I I I I I I @I BI DI pI rI tI I I I I I I I I I J J J J J J 6J 8J :J NJ PJ RJ ^J `J bJ pJ rJ tJ J J J J J J J J J J κκhICJOJQJaJmH*sH*hICJOJQJaJhICJaJ"hICJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*hICJOJQJaJhICJOJQJaJmH*sH*h>q AI I I I J J J J 8J :J PJ RJ `J bJ rJ tJ J J J J J J J J J J $da$gdXjG$a$gdXjGgdXjGgdXjGJ J J J K "K $K &K FK HK JK dK fK hK K K K K K K K K K K K K K L "L $L L @L TL VL XL fL hL jL lL L L L L L L L L L L L L Ⱜ⎂hICJOJQJaJ"hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJhICJaJmH*sH*hI*hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJmH*sH*hICJOJQJaJhI0JTCJOJQJ^JaJh>q hICJaJ"hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJ3J "K $K &K HK JK fK hK K K K K K K K L "L $L >L @L VL XL hL jL lL L $da$gdXjG $da$gdXjGgdXjGL L L L L L L L L L L L M M M M M 2M 4M M $a$gdXjG $ a$gdXjG$a$gdXjG $ a$gdXjG dgdXjG $da$gdXjGL L L L L M M M M M M M 0M 2M 4M :M M PM RM TM VM fM hM jM lM zM |M ~M M M M M ڻڻڜr`RhICJOJPJQJaJ"hICJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*3hIB*CJOJQJ_H*aJmH*nH*phsH*tH*hICJOJQJaJmH*sH*$hjUhI0JFCJPJaJmH*sH*hICJOJQJaJhjUhI0JFCJPJaJhjUhI0JL5CJPJaJh>q hICJaJhI5CJaJhjUhI0JL5CJPJaJ >M RM TM VM hM jM lM |M ~M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M $da$gdXjGgdXjG$a$gdXjG gdXjGM M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M N N N N N "N 2N 4N DN LN PN RN jN lN nN pN N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N ơ⥋ơơơơ⥋*hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJmH*sH*hI"hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJh5hICJOJQJaJhICJOJQJaJhICJOJQJaJmH*sH*h>q hICJaJ"hICJOJPJQJaJmH*sH*6M M M N N N N "N 4N NN PN RN lN nN pN N N N N N N N N N N N N $da$gdXjG$a$gdXjGgdXjGN N N N O O O O O &O (O *O ,O >O @O PO TO VO dO fO hO jO zO |O ~O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O P P P P ,P .P 0P 2P BP DP FP HP XP ZP \P ^P `P bP dP hP jP lP ддддhIOJQJhICJOJQJaJhICJOJQJaJmH*sH*"hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJh>q hI*hI0JBCJOJPJQJ^JaJmH*sH*=N N O O O (O *O ,O @O RO TO VO fO hO jO |O ~O O O O O O O O O O $da$gdXjG $da$gdXjG$a$gdXjGO O O P P P .P 0P 2P DP FP HP ZP \P ^P bP dP jP lP zP P P P P P P P $da$gdXjGgdXjG$a$gdXjGlP P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q "Q $Q &Q (Q @Q BQ dQ fQ zQ |Q ~Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q hST?hIOJQJhI hIPJh>q hICJOJQJaJ3hIB*CJOJQJ_H*aJmH*nH*phsH*tH*LP P P P P P P P Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q "Q $Q gdS $da$gdXjGdgdXjG$Q &Q (Q >Q @Q BQ bQ dQ fQ xQ zQ |Q ~Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q gdSQ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q gdSQ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R "R $R &R (R *R ,R .R 0R 2R 4R 6R 8R :R R @R BR DR FR HR JR LR NR PR RR TR VR XR ZR \R ^R `R bR dR fR hR jR lR nR pR rR tR vR xR zR |R ~R R hIPJh>q aQ Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q R R R R R R R R gdSR R R R R R R R R R "R $R &R (R *R ,R .R 0R 2R 4R 6R 8R :R R @R BR DR FR gdSFR HR JR LR NR PR RR TR VR XR ZR \R ^R `R bR dR fR hR jR lR nR pR rR tR vR xR zR |R ~R gdS~R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R gdSR R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S "S $S &S (S *S ,S .S 0S 2S 4S 6S 8S :S S @S h>q hIPJ`R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R gdSR R R R R R R R R S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S "S $S &S gdS&S (S *S ,S .S 0S 2S 4S 6S 8S :S S @S PS RS TS hS jS ~S S S S S S S S S $a$gd$a$gdSgdS@S RS TS hS jS |S ~S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S T T T T T T T T T "T (T *T 0T 2T ɽ䯞zulhhhhhhhhhhIhI5mH*sH* hI5hyhI5OJQJhhICJ OJQJhhIOJQJ h\hICJOJQJmH*sH*hICJOJQJmH*sH*hST?hI5OJQJhST?hI5CJOJQJhST?hICJOJQJhST?hICJOJQJh>q hST?hIOJQJ(S S S S S S S S T T T T T T T T T "T (T *T 0T 2T 8T :T @T BT HT $a$gd$a$gd)|?$a$gdS2T 8T :T @T BT HT JT LT NT &h hhD CJOJQJ\]mHsHhhh>q hIHT JT LT NT $7dxx`7a$gdA< 00&P 1h:pm7. A!"n#n$n%] FĀ3ߝ:{~ExifII*HPz(iHP Scanjet G4010 0220J0100   ^2008:03:20 10:35:34 0A0 7A0 8A0HPSI0002 11A0 0A0 0A0 0 21A0 0A0 0A0 0 31A0 0A0 0A0 0 32A0 0A0 0A0 0 41A0 0A0 0A0 0 42A0 0A0 0A0 0 43A0 0A0 0A0 0 44A0 0A0 0A0 0 51A0 0A0 0A0 0 61A0 1A0 1A0 0 62A0 0A0 0A0 0 63A0 0A0 0A0 0 64A0 0A0 0A0 0 71A0 1A0 1A0 0 81A0 4A0 1A0 0 82A0 4A0 1A0 0 83A0 4A0 1A0 0 84A0 4A0 1A0 0C  }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyzw!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz" ?^qOxKCFx'Wi@OϚQDZ9}kdzgҗd9E=?Lu۞ 1 .98=8#ѷ`!:s?GMz}qRpQ:rdd::ڎv<9d_A?t8R|1= r=tG t?:Ls1'??w9y=9rN?:>Az8Ԏ]P1܎{p?/:^FFp>^p_>0OL~1nsKA1u`p1d qooד'؁:`@=zc ;zqx\ێq:/}Oջc#ӟon;pI$n~Rqg8?Zp\{tcרՐ=3'( ` tm=}O~F>8J{#ӧzb9ttqۡz=>g֐}}NӞ=?o`_9=\s~)=Gs=qׯS#Ӝy4{ÿׯ';ӡ848ui {~Gr):{tO=GקCG`<ϡ~t#}=?GjA=?3F)Ƕ8B0;?guv"gz9>==8K#<*qc׏ 8F;vN;z:_~=8Q&Kl>H{ӧQ8 =@c֥Aʞ{3;\rj1ݜd{F}LT3=x:ߔ~tZŭgR/<5sXG[mm.n>Esi)h@~R" |pEw&><`<ׯx` mWXV#T @Ug4hZ`EŤE3A4ӻ3 }氝EnZgvm,gr+uOmg7>0__{nh"`o_kiH =1'9>ć-=?}}}j5<$|F#iK<{3F֏wybzh.4 ηk3Zȏ6%ʫ =Dm~c F|+b?ڜIyM$Ѥjc> XY9# n>'( ;d=NIɋOݫʾnmӳamTqMm?J`1ʘå'\ippyPE 58؂0=5C偛/?.RhhKT~k]>-xXxYf(rx$±+nVFBu2G`e/M>x-z@Omy¢]!.Եiu9O?2kѤuW_|#)um^N\72Eb/ЍˀA&_(`q"NOOj~ jڷ- >CYlvoԎ3MpvON?]zuϷlWUC(nnf֚쑂Tz]~>?|+ v[(9`>4nϗ0] 9):t랟\´;rO~t2|? 5L[)y)p}s %f;aШEWC KNޠ1+91#_G%W^\zD?f`m ,سtiIc(~˜\ӓM}ݘ[?%DNFg/, &ĖfPbrI%%I~fL|&94?vU𬟗8cr}϶~$>cZ>28QpxF'jp >pFz)3Nߟ4/vbSK'O ʌDI':8P3p 4r]3HS{Q7?YxPrOשz'֐~[>`q)ņf٩/,`M;NP“ӧZTs:]p=X~mgnsisۣ{Giy? 2 JLMh/Pl7 PܩC±|c`r}G0xV}hves gӨ#p g\Fqn?7YxmIەXnD( b/jN~m7@!/^[?%Xt$\hlzdu'E-(|.B|i?.xen|şgO*q"23`~c'T8Wc4Пd <;.G)wT/JLt0^w@GŸsχtdzNX~ G^|+u4[0unK5[~29V?Aң#WnQotMϢ魌'u8$ĽԤqK½M"|k((9Ӿk:o#E~,nV}E6ٗ$cGL'$׃6ψ0DUuPβB)9\SmGLiVOoy?h'Ix-e~О#U# SOq ʒ-*9Mx~ºӟ(ç?qP?JemF [-K尶D 6#Z?EƝȲE gEu ȑGa\ln~#v"dt# Y"vm.nsԌd׽GWRVevݭ/SJ4{yCKx5ޤ.H.mղFs*6 7#/QԣuElgvf AdBCd$+_ٍ[URYIay4rri=#2Tq P3' ǣB -Is'(+8Si{h׽.1:r8q݇l@\zH:8N?.r/@?*݆Ou '=9DZivx>Fx)nǦ2r32:7ysʎ1OϿ@ Ag=r3p '郓GǠ_^ds H8/`1#A! v_nsL z`w ׎Lv8&',IN=4aޜq}LuNAzdN1zgӐ)v s.p?ȥ|cۧגO)v<װた=I9 8\$;3" {|lqA:t8VGx';qϻci1ӏoў@=Ӿzq)naw˵峒F;9 9W=3?Δ=~tv OA@XB#=>Qpzu 0 'KӦt:t>j?43>N`R>;A;F1ccӧo\wHnNqЌ]n2zs?zg}?CNs׷AyT?քP x93}/ÓMF m9\Owúv~9== q3<<v㞠 P9NxǦqqސ`X12?:A$.9tnqp16QxIzgA=89'Noa;ppq{g=rE/c<ڎb玼t@?{v<`G8@3G?L}_Nv#Ӱ=v~1ri9exO׭8QӠ#?0^m Q<$`(=8 O:uNǧOLgAqG_:OCjt8 ;x#d-ǧҗ~{c1yΌ`6y`gpRI\c叧O瞜(0Gs^:w c8[N8!v#pr:q@N;u/_w3=qxz[v7 gӨ 8A=I\ }pq?ށN#8< uj?Az{/KAǿ{}=;9v9mG߉g"<O`tӰc4p;-omX1o8<~搎qt=@8?mc<٤9}(ϰI\{y8遃?^ o &;c珯zJ3g>#_>w߯4l5t܌v<> 8vss펃?\ o>lu_t#G?3I@==lO@z<('#{~< ,:cF|qGCPz}?Z2zgo8ҏ:s=:g=o4r9zc9ր9?3#=)=Ov:O }J8:zFxgL}?ö``#A1zcВW:=G>|z}vt8׷}q]' Lccw铏lё= n o>`G<18?yьc'38=91O?G4Zh;kj@S}Nxv :F`zp2s׾9ן^_!#<{>9qq(~c<{CӚ?A^A;T߿@rqیq۠: 8o/㶖v9sϱL wxק8`tx?ogߠ@? ?`nq>֔v<=O^OҐc?N=8sIr01~{1|g0G.4U Y^)b!v8kk+gKe]rI\q.{^'p~;L=CHO9{?AwРҽ5;oQv==:{Tuc=; 8~4>c)a0? R?ցӯp=tmX_a~<?̔(EyA}3*_\a;Yu{ZIcgGt`@jRmV B?Bi9kPnzDuIvƛxIN9$ϭ3r} XSCG}Mo8/K1 \}0:p &t\cQNXnpisӧ^Zo  N;ץdЎ1;: uOJw8 率?  gt? :{NJ2:[ސn8;Pp3N8'( c3zTہRG׌t۵Ϯ?" ~(}?ANzc :v# 2)rGa~g{`v9B;g?/u}A~t擎a;ߩѷRp:ss܌ӭ.zdq:oz;LL;^AϦO0\:8{~i32zg_A_B9|׹|Iہ13>GB ˜ ]} SGЎFz׮}0xϧ v+߮9 /_ۥnϹz>ؠ\F~QөמspW8קө t$8!pqNǎӮx^rG^%=F=wOǷzNt=FH?QKO?`^9w:0=zu ?N8'۟=qKxN1q CFrp=8ǯ184u+ p~=~02nߏb) 1 0Òmбoa; \c#$&Nq ǯ?Oj82q9 A 2nc\mN%qʜ_'r:'z@y~}hA#sd{PHaA~LriAy 2y$><#׹ o3zRA?C[ޛPt{~ GrH\Z}؜'8 A!S۰tn߆?Z6}oo\:(ӧPh#猜?<J_נ ?)w=~Oڛy;x{(y:u8Ϧ=08 m88#Rp1v8c~| v'gv3q8^?R>=0?9ۜVluqGǯ?\Q1? s9ۥm_('϶T2=z^3? Nϩ#i^XB6rx{㧿Z\t=49R^{s=x1 wǿ=z  'x>:?{})I?.w/ vۯОz=s?w}zX=1No^ gNҀK~8:8ǠJ8rOR3`Q s#tp9>CGa@8'ci01Ax:GӰ#j ミ^zAC99Ct84H t9/Oh93OOLu@?*1=900}8=8{duuO^}( tPG~K N?_Ҍc'o|W4q;q@T q8tc;1ݰ}=8a:gkiQ8sߥ98=CwױO~8NG>9)osӧq*A=;t>˅㎿3ց0q:O{q*P÷Z:`Pr8?֗K~{N\t.XY>J~f4痣F={׊On>z3@R:buCӏ9郏^_O/Oo)8ӡ怰ғ|:d1@>??Nkh?]@bޟ~@NK|bY{:(#G?(_SVa~sKO.2ݿ(N1iq~֔q@tL⁌~׌0@1ۏ.? At;~cl cK:RRObǯjv鉡 9 v )?ʸ|(lX:ʝ^;~=